Bagaimana untuk Melaksanakan Pengesahan Asas HTTP di Java menggunakan Apache HttpClient?

Pengesahan Asas HTTP dalam Java menggunakan Apache HttpClient

Mengesah dengan asas HTTP dalam Java adalah mudah. Artikel ini menunjukkan cara menggunakan perpustakaan Apache HttpClient untuk melaksanakan pengesahan asas menggunakan nama pengguna dan kata laluan.

Implementasi HttpClient 3.0

Sampel kod berikut menggambarkan pelaksanaan untuk HttpClient 3.0 :

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;

public class HttpBasicAuth {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create an HTTP client
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

        // Set basic authentication credentials
        client.getState().setCredentials(new AuthScope("ipaddress", 443, "realm"),
                new UsernamePasswordCredentials("test1", "test1"));

        // Create a POST method
        PostMethod post = new PostMethod("http://address/test/login");

        // Authenticate using credentials
        post.setDoAuthentication(true);

        try {
            // Execute the POST method and get the response status
            int status = client.executeMethod(post);
            System.out.println(status + "\n" + post.getResponseBodyAsString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // Release connection resources
            post.releaseConnection();
        }
    }
}

Implementasi HttpClient 4.0.1

Untuk HttpClient 4.0.1, berikut ialah kod yang sepadan:

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.HttpClientUtils;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

public class HttpBasicAuth {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // Create a default HTTP client
            DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();

            // Set basic authentication credentials
            CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
            credentialsProvider.setCredentials(new AuthScope(AuthScope.ANY_HOST, AuthScope.ANY_PORT),
                    new UsernamePasswordCredentials("test1", "test1"));
            httpclient.setCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);

            // Create a POST request
            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://host:post/test/login");

            // Execute the POST request
            HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

            // Get the response status and content
            System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
            System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
            if (entity != null) {
                System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
            }
            if (entity != null) {
                entity.consumeContent();
            }

            // Close the HTTP client
            HttpClientUtils.closeQuietly(httpclient);
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Penyesuaian Dipertingkat untuk HttpClient 4.0.1

Jawapan yang disediakan mencadangkan pelaksanaan yang dipertingkatkan untuk HttpClient 4.0.1 yang membina pengepala "Kebenaran" secara manual:

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;
import org.apache.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

// ...

// Set basic authentication header
String encoding = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString((user + ":" + pwd).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
httpPost.setHeader(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, "Basic " + encoding);

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