Rumah > Artikel > pembangunan bahagian belakang > Membina Perkhidmatan Sistem Merentas Platform dalam Go: Panduan Langkah demi Langkah
Perkhidmatan Sistem ialah program ringan yang beroperasi di latar belakang tanpa antara muka pengguna grafik . Mereka bermula secara automatik semasa but sistem dan berjalan secara bebas. Kitaran hayat mereka, yang termasuk operasi seperti mula, berhenti dan mulakan semula diuruskan oleh Pengurus Kawalan Perkhidmatan pada Windows, systemd pada Linux(dalam kebanyakan penghancuran) dan dilancarkan pada macOS.
Tidak seperti aplikasi standard, perkhidmatan direka untuk operasi berterusan dan penting untuk tugas seperti pemantauan, pengelogan dan proses latar belakang yang lain. Pada linux, perkhidmatan ini biasanya dirujuk sebagai daemon, manakala pada macOS, perkhidmatan ini dikenali sebagai Pelancaran Agen atau Daemon.
Mencipta perkhidmatan sistem merentas platform memerlukan bahasa yang mengimbangi kecekapan, kebolehgunaan dan kebolehpercayaan. Go cemerlang dalam hal ini kerana beberapa sebab:
Keselarasan dan Prestasi: goroutin Go memudahkan untuk menjalankan berbilang tugas serentak, meningkatkan kecekapan dan kelajuan pada platform yang berbeza. Ditambah dengan perpustakaan standard yang mantap, ini meminimumkan kebergantungan luaran dan meningkatkan keserasian merentas platform.
Pengurusan dan Kestabilan Memori: Pengumpulan sampah Go menghalang kebocoran memori, memastikan sistem stabil. Pengendalian ralat yang jelas juga memudahkan untuk menyahpepijat perkhidmatan yang kompleks.
Kesederhanaan dan Kebolehselenggaraan: Sintaks Go yang jelas memudahkan penulisan dan penyelenggaraan perkhidmatan . Keupayaannya untuk menghasilkan binari yang dipautkan secara statik menghasilkan fail boleh laku tunggal yang merangkumi semua kebergantungan yang diperlukan, menghapuskan keperluan untuk persekitaran masa jalan yang berasingan.
Kompilasi Silang dan Fleksibiliti: Sokongan Go untuk kompilasi silang membolehkan membina boleh laku untuk pelbagai sistem pengendalian daripada satu pangkalan kod. Dengan CGO, Go boleh berinteraksi dengan API sistem peringkat rendah, seperti Win32 dan Objective-C, memberikan fleksibiliti kepada pembangun untuk memanfaatkan ciri asli.
Laluan kod ini mengandaikan bahawa GO dipasang pada mesin anda dan anda mempunyai pengetahuan asas tentang sintaks GO, jika tidak, saya sangat mengesyorkan anda untuk Menjelajah .
go-service/ ├── Makefile # Build and installation automation ├── cmd/ │ └── service/ │ └── main.go # Main entry point with CLI flags and command handling ├── internal/ │ ├── service/ │ │ └── service.go # Core service implementation │ └── platform/ # Platform-specific implementations │ ├── config.go # Configuration constants │ ├── service.go # Cross-platform service interface │ ├── windows.go # Windows-specific service management │ ├── linux.go # Linux-specific systemd service management │ └── darwin.go # macOS-specific launchd service management └── go.mod # Go module definition
Mulakan modul Go:
go mod init go-service
Tentukan pemalar konfigurasi dalam config.go dalam direktori dalaman/platform. Fail ini memusatkan semua nilai boleh dikonfigurasikan, menjadikannya mudah untuk melaraskan tetapan.
Fail: dalaman/platform/config.go
package main const ( ServiceName = "go-service" //Update your service name ServiceDisplay = "Go Service" // Update your display name ServiceDesc = "A service that appends 'Hello World' to a file every 5 minutes." // Update your Service Description LogFileName = "go-service.log" // Update your Log file name ) func GetInstallDir() string { switch runtime.GOOS { case "darwin": return "/usr/local/opt/go-service" case "linux": return "/opt/go-service" case "windows": return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("ProgramData"), ServiceName) default: return "" } } func copyFile(src, dst string) error { source, err := os.Open(src) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to open source file: %w", err) } defer source.Close() destination, err := os.OpenFile(dst, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0755) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create destination file: %w", err) } defer destination.Close() _, err = io.Copy(destination, source) return err }
Ciri utama:
Pemalar Perkhidmatan yang akan digunakan semasa Konfigurasi Perkhidmatan Khusus Platform.
GetInstallDir() menyediakan pemasangan perkhidmatan yang sesuai dan laluan fail log untuk setiap OS.
copyFile() digunakan semasa pemasangan perkhidmatan untuk menyalin boleh laku ke laluan khusus kami yang disediakan oleh GetInstallDir().
Dalam dalaman/perkhidmatan, laksanakan fungsi teras untuk perkhidmatan anda. Pelaksanaan perkhidmatan teras mengendalikan fungsi utama perkhidmatan kami.
Dalam contoh ini, perkhidmatan menambahkan "Hello World" pada fail dalam direktori utama pengguna setiap 5 minit.
Fail: dalaman/perkhidmatan/perkhidmatan.go
go-service/ ├── Makefile # Build and installation automation ├── cmd/ │ └── service/ │ └── main.go # Main entry point with CLI flags and command handling ├── internal/ │ ├── service/ │ │ └── service.go # Core service implementation │ └── platform/ # Platform-specific implementations │ ├── config.go # Configuration constants │ ├── service.go # Cross-platform service interface │ ├── windows.go # Windows-specific service management │ ├── linux.go # Linux-specific systemd service management │ └── darwin.go # macOS-specific launchd service management └── go.mod # Go module definition
go mod init go-service
Perkhidmatan ini melaksanakan kaedah Mula dan Henti untuk pengurusan kitaran hayat:
package main const ( ServiceName = "go-service" //Update your service name ServiceDisplay = "Go Service" // Update your display name ServiceDesc = "A service that appends 'Hello World' to a file every 5 minutes." // Update your Service Description LogFileName = "go-service.log" // Update your Log file name ) func GetInstallDir() string { switch runtime.GOOS { case "darwin": return "/usr/local/opt/go-service" case "linux": return "/opt/go-service" case "windows": return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("ProgramData"), ServiceName) default: return "" } } func copyFile(src, dst string) error { source, err := os.Open(src) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to open source file: %w", err) } defer source.Close() destination, err := os.OpenFile(dst, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0755) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create destination file: %w", err) } defer destination.Close() _, err = io.Copy(destination, source) return err }
type Service struct { logFile string stop chan struct{} wg sync.WaitGroup started bool mu sync.Mutex }
Kaedah larian mengendalikan logik perkhidmatan teras:
Ciri utama:
Pelaksanaan berasaskan selang menggunakan ticker
Sokongan pembatalan konteks
Pengendalian penutupan yang anggun
Ralat mengelog
Perkhidmatan ini menambahkan "Hello World" dengan cap masa setiap 5 minit
func New() (*Service, error) { installDir := platform.GetInstallDir() if installDir == "" { return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported operating system: %s", runtime.GOOS) } logFile := filepath.Join(installDir, "logs", platform.LogFileName) return &Service{ logFile: logFile, stop: make(chan struct{}), }, nil }
Direktori dalaman/platform mengandungi konfigurasi khusus platform untuk memasang, menyahpasang dan mengurus perkhidmatan.
Dalam darwin.go, tentukan logik khusus macOS untuk membuat fail .plist, yang mengendalikan pemasangan perkhidmatan dan penyahpasangan menggunakan launchctl.
Fail:dalaman/platform/darwin.go
// Start the service func (s *Service) Start(ctx context.Context) error { s.mu.Lock() if s.started { s.mu.Unlock() return fmt.Errorf("service already started") } s.started = true s.mu.Unlock() if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(s.logFile), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create log directory: %w", err) } s.wg.Add(1) go s.run(ctx) return nil } // Stop the service gracefully func (s *Service) Stop() error { s.mu.Lock() if !s.started { s.mu.Unlock() return fmt.Errorf("service not started") } s.mu.Unlock() close(s.stop) s.wg.Wait() s.mu.Lock() s.started = false s.mu.Unlock() return nil }
Di Linux, kami menggunakan systemd untuk mengurus perkhidmatan. Tentukan fail perkhidmatan dan kaedah yang berkaitan.
Fail:dalaman/platform/linux.go
func (s *Service) run(ctx context.Context) { defer s.wg.Done() log.Printf("Service started, logging to: %s\n", s.logFile) ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Minute) defer ticker.Stop() if err := s.writeLog(); err != nil { log.Printf("Error writing initial log: %v\n", err) } for { select { case <-ctx.Done(): log.Println("Service stopping due to context cancellation") return case <-s.stop: log.Println("Service stopping due to stop signal") return case <-ticker.C: if err := s.writeLog(); err != nil { log.Printf("Error writing log: %v\n", err) } } } }
Untuk Windows, gunakan arahan sc untuk memasang dan menyahpasang perkhidmatan.
Fail:dalaman/platform/windows.go
func (s *Service) writeLog() error { f, err := os.OpenFile(s.logFile, os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0644) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to open log file: %w", err) } defer f.Close() _, err = f.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("[%s] Hello World\n", time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339))) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to write to log file: %w", err) } return nil }
Akhir sekali, konfigurasikan main.go dalam cmd/service/main.go untuk mengendalikan pemasangan, nyahpasang dan memulakan perkhidmatan.
Fail:cmd/service/main.go
package platform import ( "fmt" "os" "os/exec" "path/filepath" ) type darwinService struct{} const plistTemplate = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Label</key> <string>%s</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>%s</string> <string>-run</string> </array> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> <key>KeepAlive</key> <true/> <key>WorkingDirectory</key> <string>%s</string> </dict> </plist>` func (s *darwinService) Install(execPath string) error { installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.MkdirAll(installDir, 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create installation directory: %w", err) } // Copy binary to installation directory installedBinary := filepath.Join(installDir, "bin", filepath.Base(execPath)) if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(installedBinary), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err) } if err := copyFile(execPath, installedBinary); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy binary: %w", err) } plistPath := filepath.Join("/Library/LaunchDaemons", ServiceName+".plist") content := fmt.Sprintf(plistTemplate, ServiceName, installedBinary, installDir) if err := os.WriteFile(plistPath, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to write plist file: %w", err) } if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "load", plistPath).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to load service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *darwinService) Uninstall() error { plistPath := filepath.Join("/Library/LaunchDaemons", ServiceName+".plist") if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "unload", plistPath).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to unload service: %w", err) } if err := os.Remove(plistPath); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove plist file: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *darwinService) Status() (bool, error) { err := exec.Command("launchctl", "list", ServiceName).Run() return err == nil, nil } func (s *darwinService) Start() error { if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *darwinService) Stop() error { if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "stop", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } return nil }
Untuk membina perkhidmatan anda untuk sistem pengendalian yang berbeza, gunakan pembolehubah persekitaran GOOS dan GOARCH. Contohnya, untuk membina untuk Windows:
package platform import ( "fmt" "os" "os/exec" "path/filepath" ) type linuxService struct{} const systemdServiceTemplate = `[Unit] Description=%s [Service] ExecStart=%s -run Restart=always User=root WorkingDirectory=%s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ` func (s *linuxService) Install(execPath string) error { installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.MkdirAll(installDir, 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create installation directory: %w", err) } installedBinary := filepath.Join(installDir, "bin", filepath.Base(execPath)) if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(installedBinary), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err) } if err := copyFile(execPath, installedBinary); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy binary: %w", err) } servicePath := filepath.Join("/etc/systemd/system", ServiceName+".service") content := fmt.Sprintf(systemdServiceTemplate, ServiceDesc, installedBinary, installDir) if err := os.WriteFile(servicePath, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to write service file: %w", err) } commands := [][]string{ {"systemctl", "daemon-reload"}, {"systemctl", "enable", ServiceName}, {"systemctl", "start", ServiceName}, } for _, args := range commands { if err := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute %s: %w", args[0], err) } } return nil } func (s *linuxService) Uninstall() error { _ = exec.Command("systemctl", "stop", ServiceName).Run() _ = exec.Command("systemctl", "disable", ServiceName).Run() servicePath := filepath.Join("/etc/systemd/system", ServiceName+".service") if err := os.Remove(servicePath); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove service file: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *linuxService) Status() (bool, error) { output, err := exec.Command("systemctl", "is-active", ServiceName).Output() if err != nil { return false, nil } return string(output) == "active\n", nil } func (s *linuxService) Start() error { if err := exec.Command("systemctl", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *linuxService) Stop() error { if err := exec.Command("systemctl", "stop", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } return nil }
Untuk Linux:
package platform import ( "fmt" "os" "os/exec" "path/filepath" "strings" ) type windowsService struct{} func (s *windowsService) Install(execPath string) error { installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.MkdirAll(installDir, 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create installation directory: %w", err) } installedBinary := filepath.Join(installDir, "bin", filepath.Base(execPath)) if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(installedBinary), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err) } if err := copyFile(execPath, installedBinary); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy binary: %w", err) } cmd := exec.Command("sc", "create", ServiceName, "binPath=", fmt.Sprintf("\"%s\" -run", installedBinary), "DisplayName=", ServiceDisplay, "start=", "auto", "obj=", "LocalSystem") if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create service: %w", err) } descCmd := exec.Command("sc", "description", ServiceName, ServiceDesc) if err := descCmd.Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to set service description: %w", err) } if err := exec.Command("sc", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *windowsService) Uninstall() error { _ = exec.Command("sc", "stop", ServiceName).Run() if err := exec.Command("sc", "delete", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete service: %w", err) } // Clean up installation directory installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.RemoveAll(installDir); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove installation directory: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *windowsService) Status() (bool, error) { output, err := exec.Command("sc", "query", ServiceName).Output() if err != nil { return false, nil } return strings.Contains(string(output), "RUNNING"), nil } func (s *windowsService) Start() error { if err := exec.Command("sc", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *windowsService) Stop() error { if err := exec.Command("sc", "stop", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } return nil }
Untuk macOS:
go-service/ ├── Makefile # Build and installation automation ├── cmd/ │ └── service/ │ └── main.go # Main entry point with CLI flags and command handling ├── internal/ │ ├── service/ │ │ └── service.go # Core service implementation │ └── platform/ # Platform-specific implementations │ ├── config.go # Configuration constants │ ├── service.go # Cross-platform service interface │ ├── windows.go # Windows-specific service management │ ├── linux.go # Linux-specific systemd service management │ └── darwin.go # macOS-specific launchd service management └── go.mod # Go module definition
Setelah anda membina perkhidmatan anda untuk sistem pengendalian masing-masing, anda boleh mengurusnya menggunakan arahan berikut.
Nota: Pastikan untuk melaksanakan arahan dengan keistimewaan root, kerana tindakan ini memerlukan kebenaran yang dinaikkan pada semua platform.
go mod init go-service
package main const ( ServiceName = "go-service" //Update your service name ServiceDisplay = "Go Service" // Update your display name ServiceDesc = "A service that appends 'Hello World' to a file every 5 minutes." // Update your Service Description LogFileName = "go-service.log" // Update your Log file name ) func GetInstallDir() string { switch runtime.GOOS { case "darwin": return "/usr/local/opt/go-service" case "linux": return "/opt/go-service" case "windows": return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("ProgramData"), ServiceName) default: return "" } } func copyFile(src, dst string) error { source, err := os.Open(src) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to open source file: %w", err) } defer source.Close() destination, err := os.OpenFile(dst, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0755) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create destination file: %w", err) } defer destination.Close() _, err = io.Copy(destination, source) return err }
type Service struct { logFile string stop chan struct{} wg sync.WaitGroup started bool mu sync.Mutex }
Walaupun anda boleh menggunakan arahan dan bendera Go untuk membina dan mengurus perkhidmatan, saya sangat mengesyorkan menggunakan TaskFile. Ia mengautomasikan proses ini dan menyediakan:
Arahan yang konsisten merentas semua platform
Konfigurasi berasaskan YAML yang ringkas
Pengurusan pergantungan terbina dalam
Mula-mula, semak sama ada Tugasan dipasang:
func New() (*Service, error) { installDir := platform.GetInstallDir() if installDir == "" { return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported operating system: %s", runtime.GOOS) } logFile := filepath.Join(installDir, "logs", platform.LogFileName) return &Service{ logFile: logFile, stop: make(chan struct{}), }, nil }
Jika tidak ada, pasang menggunakan:
macOS
// Start the service func (s *Service) Start(ctx context.Context) error { s.mu.Lock() if s.started { s.mu.Unlock() return fmt.Errorf("service already started") } s.started = true s.mu.Unlock() if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(s.logFile), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create log directory: %w", err) } s.wg.Add(1) go s.run(ctx) return nil } // Stop the service gracefully func (s *Service) Stop() error { s.mu.Lock() if !s.started { s.mu.Unlock() return fmt.Errorf("service not started") } s.mu.Unlock() close(s.stop) s.wg.Wait() s.mu.Lock() s.started = false s.mu.Unlock() return nil }
Linux
func (s *Service) run(ctx context.Context) { defer s.wg.Done() log.Printf("Service started, logging to: %s\n", s.logFile) ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Minute) defer ticker.Stop() if err := s.writeLog(); err != nil { log.Printf("Error writing initial log: %v\n", err) } for { select { case <-ctx.Done(): log.Println("Service stopping due to context cancellation") return case <-s.stop: log.Println("Service stopping due to stop signal") return case <-ticker.C: if err := s.writeLog(); err != nil { log.Printf("Error writing log: %v\n", err) } } } }
Tingkap
func (s *Service) writeLog() error { f, err := os.OpenFile(s.logFile, os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0644) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to open log file: %w", err) } defer f.Close() _, err = f.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("[%s] Hello World\n", time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339))) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to write to log file: %w", err) } return nil }
Buat Taskfile.yml dalam akar projek anda:
package platform import ( "fmt" "os" "os/exec" "path/filepath" ) type darwinService struct{} const plistTemplate = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Label</key> <string>%s</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>%s</string> <string>-run</string> </array> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> <key>KeepAlive</key> <true/> <key>WorkingDirectory</key> <string>%s</string> </dict> </plist>` func (s *darwinService) Install(execPath string) error { installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.MkdirAll(installDir, 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create installation directory: %w", err) } // Copy binary to installation directory installedBinary := filepath.Join(installDir, "bin", filepath.Base(execPath)) if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(installedBinary), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err) } if err := copyFile(execPath, installedBinary); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy binary: %w", err) } plistPath := filepath.Join("/Library/LaunchDaemons", ServiceName+".plist") content := fmt.Sprintf(plistTemplate, ServiceName, installedBinary, installDir) if err := os.WriteFile(plistPath, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to write plist file: %w", err) } if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "load", plistPath).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to load service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *darwinService) Uninstall() error { plistPath := filepath.Join("/Library/LaunchDaemons", ServiceName+".plist") if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "unload", plistPath).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to unload service: %w", err) } if err := os.Remove(plistPath); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove plist file: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *darwinService) Status() (bool, error) { err := exec.Command("launchctl", "list", ServiceName).Run() return err == nil, nil } func (s *darwinService) Start() error { if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *darwinService) Stop() error { if err := exec.Command("launchctl", "stop", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } return nil }
Pengurusan perkhidmatan (memerlukan keistimewaan root/pentadbir):
package platform import ( "fmt" "os" "os/exec" "path/filepath" ) type linuxService struct{} const systemdServiceTemplate = `[Unit] Description=%s [Service] ExecStart=%s -run Restart=always User=root WorkingDirectory=%s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ` func (s *linuxService) Install(execPath string) error { installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.MkdirAll(installDir, 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create installation directory: %w", err) } installedBinary := filepath.Join(installDir, "bin", filepath.Base(execPath)) if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(installedBinary), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err) } if err := copyFile(execPath, installedBinary); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy binary: %w", err) } servicePath := filepath.Join("/etc/systemd/system", ServiceName+".service") content := fmt.Sprintf(systemdServiceTemplate, ServiceDesc, installedBinary, installDir) if err := os.WriteFile(servicePath, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to write service file: %w", err) } commands := [][]string{ {"systemctl", "daemon-reload"}, {"systemctl", "enable", ServiceName}, {"systemctl", "start", ServiceName}, } for _, args := range commands { if err := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute %s: %w", args[0], err) } } return nil } func (s *linuxService) Uninstall() error { _ = exec.Command("systemctl", "stop", ServiceName).Run() _ = exec.Command("systemctl", "disable", ServiceName).Run() servicePath := filepath.Join("/etc/systemd/system", ServiceName+".service") if err := os.Remove(servicePath); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove service file: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *linuxService) Status() (bool, error) { output, err := exec.Command("systemctl", "is-active", ServiceName).Output() if err != nil { return false, nil } return string(output) == "active\n", nil } func (s *linuxService) Start() error { if err := exec.Command("systemctl", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *linuxService) Stop() error { if err := exec.Command("systemctl", "stop", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } return nil }
Bina untuk platform anda:
package platform import ( "fmt" "os" "os/exec" "path/filepath" "strings" ) type windowsService struct{} func (s *windowsService) Install(execPath string) error { installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.MkdirAll(installDir, 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create installation directory: %w", err) } installedBinary := filepath.Join(installDir, "bin", filepath.Base(execPath)) if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(installedBinary), 0755); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err) } if err := copyFile(execPath, installedBinary); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy binary: %w", err) } cmd := exec.Command("sc", "create", ServiceName, "binPath=", fmt.Sprintf("\"%s\" -run", installedBinary), "DisplayName=", ServiceDisplay, "start=", "auto", "obj=", "LocalSystem") if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create service: %w", err) } descCmd := exec.Command("sc", "description", ServiceName, ServiceDesc) if err := descCmd.Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to set service description: %w", err) } if err := exec.Command("sc", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *windowsService) Uninstall() error { _ = exec.Command("sc", "stop", ServiceName).Run() if err := exec.Command("sc", "delete", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete service: %w", err) } // Clean up installation directory installDir := GetInstallDir() if err := os.RemoveAll(installDir); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove installation directory: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *windowsService) Status() (bool, error) { output, err := exec.Command("sc", "query", ServiceName).Output() if err != nil { return false, nil } return strings.Contains(string(output), "RUNNING"), nil } func (s *windowsService) Start() error { if err := exec.Command("sc", "start", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } return nil } func (s *windowsService) Stop() error { if err := exec.Command("sc", "stop", ServiceName).Run(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } return nil }
Binaan merentas platform:
package main import ( "context" "flag" "fmt" "log" "os" "os/signal" "syscall" "time" "go-service/internal/platform" "go-service/internal/service" ) func main() { log.SetFlags(log.LstdFlags | log.Lmicroseconds) install := flag.Bool("install", false, "Install the service") uninstall := flag.Bool("uninstall", false, "Uninstall the service") status := flag.Bool("status", false, "Check service status") start := flag.Bool("start", false, "Start the service") stop := flag.Bool("stop", false, "Stop the service") runWorker := flag.Bool("run", false, "Run the service worker") flag.Parse() if err := handleCommand(*install, *uninstall, *status, *start, *stop, *runWorker); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func handleCommand(install, uninstall, status, start, stop, runWorker bool) error { platformSvc, err := platform.NewService() if err != nil { return err } execPath, err := os.Executable() if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to get executable path: %w", err) } switch { case install: return platformSvc.Install(execPath) case uninstall: return platformSvc.Uninstall() case status: running, err := platformSvc.Status() if err != nil { return err } fmt.Printf("Service is %s\n", map[bool]string{true: "running", false: "stopped"}[running]) return nil case start: return platformSvc.Start() case stop: return platformSvc.Stop() case runWorker: return runService() default: return fmt.Errorf("no command specified") } } func runService() error { svc, err := service.New() if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to create service: %w", err) } ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background()) defer cancel() sigChan := make(chan os.Signal, 1) signal.Notify(sigChan, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM) log.Println("Starting service...") if err := svc.Start(ctx); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to start service: %w", err) } log.Println("Service started, waiting for shutdown signal...") <-sigChan log.Println("Shutdown signal received, stopping service...") if err := svc.Stop(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed to stop service: %w", err) } log.Println("Service stopped successfully") return nil }
Senaraikan semua tugasan yang tersedia:
GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build -ldflags "-s -w" -o go-service.exe ./cmd/service
Dengan mengikuti pendekatan berstruktur ini, anda boleh mencipta perkhidmatan yang bersih dan modular dalam Go yang berfungsi dengan lancar merentas berbilang platform. Setiap butiran platform diasingkan dalam fail masing-masing dan fail main.go kekal mudah dan mudah diselenggara.
Untuk kod lengkap, sila rujuk repositori perkhidmatan Go saya di GitHub.
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