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Java ialah salah satu bahasa pengaturcaraan yang paling berguna. Ia mempunyai pelbagai aplikasi seperti membina seni bina, menyelesaikan pengiraan dalam sains, membina peta, dsb. Untuk memudahkan tugasan ini, Java menyediakan kelas java.lang.Math atau Fungsi Matematik di Jawa yang melaksanakan beberapa operasi seperti segi empat sama, eksponen , siling, logaritma, kubus, abs, trigonometri, punca kuasa dua, lantai, dsb.
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Kelas ini menyediakan dua bidang yang merupakan asas kelas matematik. Mereka ialah,
Java menawarkan pelbagai kaedah Matematik. Mereka boleh dikelaskan seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah:
Sekarang, mari kita lihat mereka secara terperinci.
Untuk pemahaman yang lebih baik, kita boleh melaksanakan kaedah di atas dalam program Java seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah:
Kaedah | Nilai pulangan | Hujah |
Contoh |
abs() |
Nilai mutlak hujah. iaitu nilai positif | panjang, int, terapung, dua kali ganda |
int n1 = Math.abs (80) //n1=80 int n2 =Math.abs (-60) //n2=60 |
sqrt() |
Punca kuasa dua hujah | berganda |
double n= Math.sqrt (36.0) // n=6.0 |
cbrt() |
Akar kubus hujah | berganda |
ganda n= Math.cbrt (8.0) // n=2.0 |
maks() |
Maksimum dua nilai yang diluluskan dalam hujah | panjang, int, terapung, dua kali ganda |
int n=Math.max(15,80) //n=80 |
min() |
Minimum daripada dua nilai yang diluluskan dalam hujah | panjang, int, terapung, dua kali ganda |
int n=Math.min(15,80) //n=15 |
siling() |
Membundarkan nilai apungan kepada nilai integer | berganda | berganda n=Math.ceil(6.34) //n=7.0 |
lantai() | Membundarkan nilai apungan ke nilai integer | berganda |
berganda n=Math.floor(6.34) //n=6.0 |
bulat() |
Membundarkan nilai apungan atau berganda kepada nilai integer sama ada atas atau bawah | berganda, terapung | berganda n = Math.round(22.445);//n=22.0 double n2 = Math.round(22.545); //n=23.0 |
pow() |
Nilai parameter pertama dinaikkan kepada parameter kedua |
berganda |
berganda n= Math.pow(2.0, 3.0) //n=8.0 |
rawak() |
Nombor rawak antara 0 dan 1 | berganda | ganda n= Math.random() //n= 0.2594036953954201 |
signum() |
Tanda parameter yang diluluskan.
Jika positif, 1 akan dipaparkan. Jika negatif, -1 akan dipaparkan. Jika 0, 0 akan dipaparkan |
berganda, terapung |
ganda n = Matematik. tanda (22.4);//n=1.0 ganda n2 = Matematik. tanda (-22.5);//n=-1.0 |
tambahExact() |
Jumlah parameter. Pengecualian dilemparkan jika hasil yang diperoleh melimpah panjang atau nilai int. | int, panjang |
int n= Math.addExact(35, 21)//n=56 |
incrementExact() |
Parameter ditambah sebanyak 1. Pengecualian dilemparkan jika hasil yang diperolehi melimpah nilai int. | int, panjang |
int n=Math. incrementExact(36) //n=37 |
tolakExact() |
Perbezaan parameter. Pengecualian dilemparkan jika hasil yang diperoleh melimpah nilai int. | int, panjang |
int n= Math.subtractExact(36, 11) //n=25 |
multiplyExact() |
Jumlah parameter. Pengecualian dilemparkan jika hasil yang diperoleh melimpah panjang atau nilai int. | int, panjang |
int n= Math.multiplyExact(5, 5) //n=25 |
decrementExact() |
Parameter dikurangkan sebanyak 1. Pengecualian dilemparkan jika hasil yang diperoleh melimpah int atau nilai panjang. | int, panjang |
int n=Math. decrementExact (36) //n=35 |
negateExact() |
Penolakan parameter. Pengecualian dilemparkan jika hasil yang diperoleh melimpah nilai int atau panjang. | int, panjang |
int n=Math. negateExact(36) //n=-36 |
copySign() |
Nilai mutlak parameter pertama bersama-sama dengan tanda yang dinyatakan dalam parameter kedua | berganda, terapung |
double d= Math.copySign(29.3,-17.0) //n=-29.3 |
floorDiv() |
Bahagikan parameter pertama dengan parameter kedua dan operasi lantai dilakukan. | panjang, int |
int n= Math.floorDiv(25, 3) //n=8 |
hypot() |
jumlah kuasa dua parameter dan lakukan operasi punca kuasa dua. Limpahan perantaraan atau aliran bawah tidak sepatutnya ada. | berganda |
berganda n=Math.hypot(4,3) //n=5.0 |
getExponent() |
eksponen tidak berat sebelah. Eksponen ini diwakili dalam dua kali ganda atau apungan | int |
berganda n=Math.getExponent(50.45) //n=5 |
Kod:
//Java program to implement basic math functions public class JavaMathFunctions { public static void main(String[] args) { int n1 = Math.abs(80); System.out.println("absolute value of 80 is: "+n1); int n2 = Math.abs(-60); System.out.println("absolute value of -60 is: "+n2); double n3 = Math.sqrt(36.0); System.out.println("Square root of 36.0 is: "+n3); double n4 = Math.cbrt(8.0); System.out.println("cube root 0f 8.0 is: "+n4); int n5= Math.max(15,80); System.out.println("max value is: "+n5); int n6 =Math.min(15,80); System.out.println("min value is: "+n6); double n7 = Math.ceil(6.34); System.out.println("ceil value of 6.34 is "+n7); double n8 = Math.floor(6.34); System.out.println("floor value of 6.34 is: "+n8); double n9 = Math.round(22.445); System.out.println("round value of 22.445 is: "+n9); double n10 = Math.round(22.545); System.out.println("round value of 22.545 is: "+n10); double n11= Math.pow(2.0, 3.0); System.out.println("power value is: "+n11); double n12= Math.random(); System.out.println("random value is: "+n12); double n13 = Math. signum (22.4); System.out.println("signum value of 22.4 is: "+n13); double n14 = Math. signum (-22.5); System.out.println("signum value of 22.5 is: "+n14); int n15= Math.addExact(35, 21); System.out.println("added value is: "+n15); int n16=Math. incrementExact(36); System.out.println("increment of 36 is: "+n16); int n17 = Math.subtractExact(36, 11); System.out.println("difference is: "+n17); int n18 = Math.multiplyExact(5, 5); System.out.println("product is: "+n18); int n19 =Math. decrementExact (36); System.out.println("decrement of 36 is: "+n19); int n20 =Math. negateExact(36); System.out.println("negation value of 36 is: "+n20); } }
Output:
Berikut ialah program Java untuk melaksanakan fungsi matematik trigonometri yang disebut dalam jadual:
Method |
Return value | Arguments | Example |
sin() |
Sine value of the parameter | double |
double num1 = 60; //Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.sine (value) //output is 0.8660254037844386 |
cos() |
Cosine value of the parameter | double |
double num1 = 60; //Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.cos (value) //output is 0.5000000000000001 |
tan() |
tangent value of the parameter | double |
double num1 = 60; //Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.tan(value) //output is 1.7320508075688767 |
asin() |
Arc Sine value of the parameter. Or Inverse sine value of the parameter | double |
Math.asin(1.0) // 1.5707963267948966 |
acos() |
Arc cosine value of the parameter Or Inverse Cosine value of the parameter | double |
Math.acos(1.0) //0.0 |
atan() |
Arctangent value of the parameter Or Inverse tangent value of the parameter | double |
Math.atan(6.267) // 1.4125642791467878 |
sin()
nombor berganda1 = 60; //Penukaran nilai kepada radian
nilai berganda = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.sine (value) //output ialah 0.8660254037844386
cos()
nombor berganda1 = 60; //Penukaran nilai kepada radian
nilai berganda = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.cos (nilai) //output ialah 0.5000000000000001
tan()
nombor berganda1 = 60; //Penukaran nilai kepada radian
nilai berganda = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.tan(value) //output ialah 1.7320508075688767
asin()
Math.asin(1.0) // 1.5707963267948966
acos()
Math.acos(1.0) //0.0
atan()
Math.atan(6.267) // 1.4125642791467878
Code:
//Java program to implement trigonometric math functions public class JavaMathFunctions { public static void main(String[] args) { double num1 = 60; // Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); System.out.println("sine value is : "+Math.sin(value)); System.out.println("cosine value is : "+Math.cos(value)); System.out.println("tangent value is : "+Math.tan(value)); double num2 = 1.0; System.out.println("acosine value is : "+Math.acos(num2)); System.out.println("asine value is : "+Math.asin(num2)); double num3 = 6.267; System.out.println("atangent value is : "+Math.atan(num3)); <strong>Output:</strong>
Following is the sample program that implements Logarithmic math methods:
Method |
Return Value | Arguments |
Example |
expm1() |
Calculate E’s power and minus 1 from it. E is Euler’s number. So here, it is ex-1. | double |
double n = Math.expm1(2.0) // n = 6.38905609893065 |
exp() |
E’s power to the given parameter. That is, ex | double |
double n=Math.exp(2.0) //n = 7.38905609893065 |
log() |
Natural logarithm of parameter | double |
double n=Math.log(38.9) //n=3.6609942506244004 |
log10() |
Base 10 logarithm of parameter | double |
double n = Math.log10(38.9) //n= 1.5899496013257077 |
log1p() |
Natural logarithm of the sum of parameter and one. ln(x+1) | double |
double n = Math.log1p(26) //n= 3.295836866004329 |
Code:
//Java program to implement logarithmic math functions public class JavaMathFunctions { public static void main(String[] args) { double n1 = Math.expm1(2.0); double n2 = Math.exp(2.0); double n3 = Math.log(38.9); double n4 = Math.log10(38.9); double n5 = Math.log1p(26); System.out.println("expm1 value of 2.0 is : "+n1); System.out.println("exp value of 2.0 is : "+n2); System.out.println("log of 38.9 is : "+n3); System.out.println("log10 of 38.9 is : "+n4); System.out.println("log1p of 26 is : "+n5); }}
Output:
Following is the Java program to implement hyperbolic math functions mentioned in the table:
Method |
Return value | Arguments |
Example |
sinh() |
Hyperbolic Sine value of the parameter. i.e (ex – e -x)/2 Here, E is the Euler’s number. | double |
double num1=Math.sinh (30) //output is 5.343237290762231E12 |
cosh() |
Hyperbolic Cosine value of the parameter. i.e. (ex + e -x)/2 Here, E is the Euler’s number. | double |
double num1 = Math.cosh (60.0) //output is 5.710036949078421E25 |
tanh() |
Hyperbolic tangent value of the parameter | double |
double num1= Math.tanh (60.0) //output is 1.0 |
Code:
//Java program to implement HYPERBOLIC math functions public class JavaMathFunctions { public static void main(String[] args) { double n1 = Math.sinh (30); double n2 = Math.cosh (60.0); double n3 = Math.tanh (60.0); System.out.println("Hyperbolic sine value of 300 is : "+n1); System.out.println("Hyperbolic cosine value of 60.0 is : "+n2); System.out.println("Hyperbolic tangent value of 60.0 is : "+n3); } }
Output:
Method | Return Value | Arguments | Example |
toRadians() | Degree angle converts to radian angle | double |
double n = Math.toRadians(180.0) //n= 3.141592653589793 |
toDegrees() | Radian angle converts to Degree angle | double |
double n = Math. toDegrees (Math.PI) //n=180.0 |
Now, let us see a sample program to demonstrate Angular Math methods.
Code:
//Java program to implement Angular math functions public class JavaMathFunctions { public static void main(String[] args) { double n1 = Math.toRadians(180.0); double n2 = Math. toDegrees (Math.PI); System.out.println("Radian value of 180.0 is : "+n1); System.out.println("Degree value of pi is : "+n2); } }
Output:
Java offers a wide variety of math functions to perform different tasks such as scientific calculations, architecture designing, structure designing, building maps, etc. This document discusses several basic, trigonometric, logarithmic and angular math functions in detail with sample programs and examples.
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