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重建SCOTT用户及SCOTT轶事
- WBOYasal
- 2016-06-07 15:57:311113semak imbas
学习Oracle最早就是从scott用户下的dept表和emp表开始的，直到现在也习惯于在scott用户下做测试。有时为了方便测试，需要重建sco
学习Oracle最早就是从scott用户下的dept表和emp表开始的，直到现在也习惯于在scott用户下做测试。有时为了方便测试，需要重建scott用户以便提供一个全新的测试环境，在这儿记录一下重建scott用户的过程。
1.scott用户简介
SCOTT是在Oracle数据库中，一个示例用户的名称。其作用是为初学者提供一些简单的应用示例，不过其默认是锁定状态。SCOTT的缺省口令为tiger，下面有表emp, dept等，这些表和表间的关系演示了关系型数据库的一些基本原理，Oracle举例说明时一般都用这个用户，一些关于Oracle的书、教材上一般也都用这个用户来讲解。它对于Oracle本身不是必须的，如果不想用可以删除(如果你没在它下面建其它对象的话)。
2.环境准备
我们在Oracle 10g中进行试验，把scott用户删除。
点击(此处)折叠或打开
C:\\Users\\Administrator>sqlplus sys/hoegh as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期三 5月 13 10:24:10 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bi
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for 64-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL>
SQL> drop user scott cascade;
用户已删除。
SQL>
3.重建scott用户
Oracle提供了scott用户的重建脚本，脚本位于ORACLE_HOME\RDBMS\ADMIN目录下，脚本名称为utlsampl.sql。我们在sys用户下执行该脚本，如下：
SQL>
SQL> show user
USER 为 \"SYS\"
SQL>
SQL> @C:\\oracle\\product\\10.2.0\\db_1\\RDBMS\\ADMIN\\utlsampl.sql
从 Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 断
开
C:\\Users\\Administrator>
执行完脚本后，系统会自动推出sql*plus。接下来我们连接scott用户，确认脚本是否执行成功。
C:\\Users\\Administrator>sqlplus scott/tiger
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期三 5月 13 10:34:29 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select * from cat;
TABLE_NAME TABLE_TYPE
------------------------------ -----------
DEPT TABLE
EMP TABLE
BONUS TABLE
SALGRADE TABLE
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL>
SQL>
4.utlsampl.sql脚本内容
在ORACLE_HOME\RDBMS\ADMIN目录下有很多脚本，utlsampl.sql只是其中一个。感兴趣的话，看看这些脚本也会有收获的。在这儿我们看一下utlsampl.sql脚本的内容。
Rem Copyright (c) 1990, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2001 by Oracle Corporation
Rem NAME
REM UTLSAMPL.SQL
Rem FUNCTION
Rem NOTES
Rem MODIFIED
Rem menash 02/21/01 - remove unnecessary users for security reasons
Rem gwood 03/23/99 - make all dates Y2K compliant
Rem jbellemo 02/27/97 - dont connect as system
Rem akolk 08/06/96 - bug 368261: Adding date formats
Rem glumpkin 10/21/92 - Renamed from SQLBLD.SQL
Rem blinden 07/27/92 - Added primary and foreign keys to EMP and DEPT
Rem rlim 04/29/91 - change char to varchar2
Rem mmoore 04/08/91 - use unlimited tablespace priv
Rem pritto 04/04/91 - change SYSDATE to 13-JUL-87
Rem Mendels 12/07/90 - bug 30123;add to_date calls so language independent
Rem
rem
rem $Header: utlsampl.sql 21-feb-01.18:15:30 menash Exp $ sqlbld.sql
rem
SET TERMOUT OFF
SET ECHO OFF
rem CONGDON Invoked in RDBMS at build time. 29-DEC-1988
rem OATES: Created: 16-Feb-83
DROP USER SCOTT CASCADE;
DROP USER ADAMS CASCADE;
DROP USER JONES CASCADE;
DROP USER CLARK CASCADE;
DROP USER BLAKE CASCADE;
GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE,UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO SCOTT IDENTIFIED BY TIGER;
DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM PARTS;
CONNECT SCOTT/TIGER
CREATE TABLE DEPT
(DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT PK_DEPT PRIMARY KEY,
DNAME VARCHAR2(14) ,
LOC VARCHAR2(13) ) ;
CREATE TABLE EMP
(EMPNO NUMBER(4) CONSTRAINT PK_EMP PRIMARY KEY,
ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
JOB VARCHAR2(9),
MGR NUMBER(4),
HIREDATE DATE,
SAL NUMBER(7,2),
COMM NUMBER(7,2),
DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT FK_DEPTNO REFERENCES DEPT);
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(10,\'ACCOUNTING\',\'NEW YORK\');
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20,\'RESEARCH\',\'DALLAS\');
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(30,\'SALES\',\'CHICAGO\');
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(40,\'OPERATIONS\',\'BOSTON\');
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7369,\'SMITH\',\'CLERK\',7902,to_date(\'17-12-1980\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),800,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7499,\'ALLEN\',\'SALESMAN\',7698,to_date(\'20-2-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),1600,300,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7521,\'WARD\',\'SALESMAN\',7698,to_date(\'22-2-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),1250,500,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7566,\'JONES\',\'MANAGER\',7839,to_date(\'2-4-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),2975,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7654,\'MARTIN\',\'SALESMAN\',7698,to_date(\'28-9-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),1250,1400,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7698,\'BLAKE\',\'MANAGER\',7839,to_date(\'1-5-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),2850,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7782,\'CLARK\',\'MANAGER\',7839,to_date(\'9-6-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),2450,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7788,\'SCOTT\',\'ANALYST\',7566,to_date(\'13-JUL-87\',\'dd-mm-rr\')-85,3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7839,\'KING\',\'PRESIDENT\',NULL,to_date(\'17-11-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),5000,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7844,\'TURNER\',\'SALESMAN\',7698,to_date(\'8-9-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),1500,0,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7876,\'ADAMS\',\'CLERK\',7788,to_date(\'13-JUL-87\', \'dd-mm-rr\')-51,1100,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7900,\'JAMES\',\'CLERK\',7698,to_date(\'3-12-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),950,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7902,\'FORD\',\'ANALYST\',7566,to_date(\'3-12-1981\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7934,\'MILLER\',\'CLERK\',7782,to_date(\'23-1-1982\',\'dd-mm-yyyy\'),1300,NULL,10);
CREATE TABLE BONUS
(
ENAME VARCHAR2(10) ,
JOB VARCHAR2(9) ,
SAL NUMBER,
COMM NUMBER
) ;
CREATE TABLE SALGRADE
( GRADE NUMBER,
LOSAL NUMBER,
HISAL NUMBER );
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999);
COMMIT;
EXIT
脚本主要分为几个部分，
第一部分是备注部分，行首有Rem关键字，描述了utlsampl.sql脚本的演进过程；
第二部分是drop对象，大家关注一下我标黄的语句；也就是说，在环境准备部分的drop user语句，纯粹是画蛇添足，Oracle已经替我们想到了；
第三部分是创建表和插入数据。
5.scott是谁
从Oracle第一个商业化版本至今，oracle的默认数据库里都少不了这个名字为scott，密码为tiger的用户。这个scott究竟有何来历，怎么在我们的oracle的版本里一直都不能少呢。