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The order in which underlying hardware device drivers are inserted into the linked list (driver)

What are drivers: Drivers encapsulate the operations of underlying hardware devices and provide function sockets to the lower layers. Device classification: The Linux system divides devices into three categories: character devices, block devices, and network devices. Character device: refers to a device that can only read and write byte by byte. It cannot randomly read a certain data in the device's video memory. Data must be read in order. Character devices are stream-oriented device Linux driver development. Common character devices include mice, keyboards, serial ports, consoles, and LED devices. Block device: refers to a device that can read a certain thickness of data from any location on the device. Block devices include hard drives, disks, USB flash drives, SD cards, etc. Network device: A network device can be a hardware device, such as a network card; but it can also be a pure

Apr 02, 2024 am 09:10 AM

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Linux files are garbled. 'Linux common commands' is a simple, fast and practical method to operate.

The content of this article mainly explains "How to solve the problem of garbled files under the Linux operating system". Interested students may wish to take a look. The method introduced in this article is simple, fast and practical to remove garbled Linux files. Let the editor take you to learn "how to solve the problem of garbled files under the Linux operating system"! The original Windows rar compressed file LINUX community, after decompressing it under the Linux system and opening the next file, the contents are all garbled. The reason for the garbled characters is that some of the compressed files are named in English. The encoding of English under Windows is usually gbk, and the encoding of English under Linux is usually utf8, so it can be opened normally under Windows.

Apr 02, 2024 am 08:13 AM

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The most famous text adventure game – Giant Cave Adventure

ColossalCaveAdventure[1], also known as ADVENT, ClossalCave or Adventure, is the most popular text-based adventure game from the early 1980s to the late 1990s. The game is also known as the first "interactive fiction" game in history. In 1976, a programmer named Will Crowther developed an early version of the game, and later another programmer named Don Woods improved the game, adding many new elements to it, including a scoring system and more fantasy characters and settings. The game was originally developed for the PDP-10, a

Apr 01, 2024 pm 07:58 PM

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The big secret of Python version upgrade: backup, update, and problem solving all in one place

As technical talents who are proficient in Linux systems, in order to meet the growing development needs and fix security risks in older versions, we often need to update and upgrade the Python version. This article provides an in-depth discussion on this topic, including the preparations involved, the specific implementation steps of various upgrade methods, potential problems and their corresponding strategies, etc. The purpose is to provide readers with a clear and easy-to-understand guide to Linux training to help You successfully upgraded the Python version. Preparations Before upgrading the Python version, necessary preparations must be made to ensure that the process is correct. First of all, it is important to clearly understand the existing Python version and its dependencies. You can find out which Python you are currently using by running the following command

Apr 01, 2024 am 08:01 AM

linux操作系统

CentOS yum installation JDK

1. Check the jdk version currently supported for installation on the cloud [root@localhost~]#yumsearchjava|grepjdkldapjdk-javadoc.noarch:Javadocforldapjdkjava-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64:OpenJDKRuntimeEnvironmentjava-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64:OpenJDKDemosjava-1.6 .0-openjdk-devel.x86_64:OpenJDKDevelopmentEnvironme

Mar 31, 2024 pm 04:41 PM

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Detailed explanation of iptraf command in Linux

iptraf is an IP LAN monitoring tool developed based on ncurses. It can monitor network card traffic in real time and generate various network statistics, including TCP information, UDP statistics, ICMP and OSPF information, Ethernet load information, node statistics, and IP calibration. checksum errors and other information. The parameter list of iptraf. Adding different parameters after iptraf can play different roles. The following is the parameter command list of iptraf: Note: Open the command line window and use iptraf to be told that you need to run as an administrator. Switch from ordinary user to Administrator users only need to execute the command sudosu. As shown in the figure below, Figure 1 is the prompt message before switching to the administrator identity.

Mar 31, 2024 am 09:46 AM

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loadrunner linux LoadRunner performance testing on Linux: challenges and practice

Recently, an increasing number of software testing engineers have raised concerns about the performance evaluation of LoadRunner in Linux systems. As the industry's leading performance testing tool, LoadRunner has received unanimous praise for its widespread adoption in Windows environments, but its application in Linux systems has triggered heated discussions. This article will delve into the actual application of LoadRunner in Linux systems, specifically involving key issues such as its installation settings, adaptation capabilities, and performance results, thereby helping readers have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the current situation in this field. Introduction to LoadRunner First, it is crucial to understand LoadRunner. This is developed by MicroFocus

Mar 30, 2024 pm 10:41 PM

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File I/O programming under Linux

(1) .open() opens the file #include#include#includeintopen(constchar*pathname,intflags); Parameter 1: pathname, the path where the file is located Parameter 2: flags, file permissions, relative to the program process, common macros are: O_WRONLY, O_RDONLY ,O_RDWR,O_EXCL,O_APPEND,O_DUMP Parameter 3: mode, used when creating a file, usually the value of umask. Return value: Returns the file descriptor successfully, otherwise returns -1

Mar 30, 2024 pm 09:31 PM

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Enable nested virtualization on KVM on Centos7

Nested virtualization means configuring a virtualization environment within a virtual machine. In other words, we can say that nested virtualization is a feature of the hypervisor that allows us to install and run virtual machines inside a virtual server through the hardware acceleration of the hypervisor (host). In this article, we will discuss how to enable nested virtualization on KVM on CentOS7/RHEL7. I assume you have already configured the KVM hypervisor. If you are unfamiliar with how to install and configure the KVM hypervisor, please refer to the following article. Installing the KVM hypervisor on CentOS7.x and RHEL7.x Let us enter the virtualization hypervisor and verify whether your KVM host has nested virtualization enabled. based on

Mar 30, 2024 pm 05:21 PM

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Steps to install and configure JDK on Linux system: Visit Oracle official website to download

The following are the steps to install and configure JDK on a Linux system: 1. Visit Oracle’s official website to download the JDK installation package. The download address is: jdk8-downloads.html 2. Upload the downloaded JDK installation package to the Linux server to install jdk on the Linux operating system Steps, you can use the scp command to upload the linux operating system installation jdk steps, for example: ```shellscpjdk-8u271-linux-x64.tar.gzuser@server_ip:/home/user/``` 3. Unzip the JDK installation package linux desktop , you can use the following command to decompress: ```shel

Mar 30, 2024 pm 03:51 PM

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php suite linux PHP suite carnival! Combining two swords under Linux, development efficiency soars

Recently, the industry has generally paid great attention to the application of PHP software suites in Linux operating systems. As today's most popular server-side scripting language, PHP has a wide range of applications in the field of Web development. The Linux system has become the first choice for the majority of users due to its stable performance, high security and complete openness. This article aims to discuss in detail the actual application of the PHP software suite in the Linux system environment and its maximum integration effect. 1. Introduction to PHP suite The so-called PHP suite is essentially a comprehensive tool component that facilitates programmers to easily complete related program tasks, reduces the complexity of code development, and thereby improves development efficiency. Take Larv

Mar 30, 2024 pm 12:21 PM

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One command makes Ubuntu upgrade easier

zzupdate[1] is an open source command line program that makes the task of upgrading Ubuntu desktop and server versions to a newer version easier by combining several update commands into a single command. Upgrading your Ubuntu system to a newer version is not a difficult task. Whether using the GUI or using a few commands, you can easily upgrade your system to the latest version. On the other hand, zzupdate written by Gianluigi 'Zane' Zanettini can clean, update, automatically delete, version upgrade, and self-update the tool in Ubuntu with just one command. It cleans the local cache, updates available package information, and then performs a release upgrade. then

Mar 29, 2024 pm 10:06 PM

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Linux System Administrator Reveals: A Complete Guide to Analysis of Red Hat Linux Versions

As a senior Linux system administrator, I already have a deep knowledge base and unique perspective on the analysis, diagnosis and treatment of RedHat version of Linux systems. This article will provide an in-depth analysis of all aspects of the RedHat version of the Linux system, including identifying its version characteristics, decoding the version number, and the actual steps for transmitting test version updates, etc., in order to help you fully grasp and efficiently utilize the features of the RedHat operating system. 1. Understand RedHat One of the Internet companies with the highest market value in the United States, RedHat has won a leading position in the global software market through its operating system products developed under the framework of open source technology. Its Linux distribution RedHat EnterpriseLinux (referred to as

Mar 29, 2024 am 09:16 AM

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Linux timer decryption: Seven major questions revealed

Linux timers are important system elements and are crucial to the operation of the operating system. As a senior Linux kernel technical expert, I will explain seven major questions about Linux timers in detail to help you understand and use them more deeply. Question 1: What is a Linux timer? Linux timerLinux timer is a kernel mechanism that automatically performs specific tasks at a set time in the kernel interval. This function can be called by both applications and kernel modules, making the process of time management more accurate and efficient. Question 2: What are the classifications of Linux timers? Linux has a variety of timers, which can be classified into three categories: hardware timers, software timers and high-precision timers.

Mar 29, 2024 am 08:41 AM

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