显示插入查询的优化参数:
<code class="hljs asciidoc">show variables like "concurrent_insert"; +-------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------+-------+ | concurrent_insert | AUTO | +-------------------+-------+ set GLOBAL concurrent_insert=2;</code>
插入数据时MySQL会对插入的记录进行唯一性校验<br>
这种校验也会降低插入记录的速度。可以在插入记录之前禁用唯一性检查。等到记录插入完毕后再开启。禁用唯一性检查的语句如下:
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql">SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;</code></code>
<code class="hljs sql">重新开启唯一性检查的语句如下:
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql">SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=1;</code></code></code>
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc">mysql> show variables like "UNIQUE_CHECKS"; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | unique_checks | ON | +---------------+-------+</code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc">mysql设置最大连接数量
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso">mysql> set GLOBAL max_connections = 1000; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso">之前配置了mysql的主从备份<br>
结果发现日志很多,占据了很多的磁盘空间,需要进行额外的磁盘管理<br>
进入mysql的存储区域,查看一下数据部分的空间大小
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso">/mnt/ssd/data$ ls auto.cnf mysql-bin.000139 mysql-bin.000149 mysql-bin.000159 mysql-bin.000169 mysql-bin.000179 mysql-bin.000189 mysql-bin.000199 mysql-bin.000209 mysql-bin.index db_user_msg mysql-bin.000140 mysql-bin.000150 mysql-bin.000160 mysql-bin.000170 mysql-bin.000180 mysql-bin.000190 mysql-bin.000200 mysql-bin.000210 performance_schema ibdata1 mysql-bin.000141 mysql-bin.000151 mysql-bin.000161 mysql-bin.000171 mysql-bin.000181 mysql-bin.000191 mysql-bin.000201 mysql-bin.000211 StockData ib_logfile0 mysql-bin.000142 mysql-bin.000152 mysql-bin.000162 mysql-bin.000172 mysql-bin.000182 mysql-bin.000192 mysql-bin.000202 mysql-bin.000212 ib_logfile1 mysql-bin.000143 mysql-bin.000153 mysql-bin.000163 mysql-bin.000173 mysql-bin.000183 mysql-bin.000193 mysql-bin.000203 mysql-bin.000213 mysql mysql-bin.000144 mysql-bin.000154 mysql-bin.000164 mysql-bin.000174 mysql-bin.000184 mysql-bin.000194 mysql-bin.000204 mysql-bin.000214 mysql-bin.000135 mysql-bin.000145 mysql-bin.000155 mysql-bin.000165 mysql-bin.000175 mysql-bin.000185 mysql-bin.000195 mysql-bin.000205 mysql-bin.000215 mysql-bin.000136 mysql-bin.000146 mysql-bin.000156 mysql-bin.000166 mysql-bin.000176 mysql-bin.000186 mysql-bin.000196 mysql-bin.000206 mysql-bin.000216 mysql-bin.000137 mysql-bin.000147 mysql-bin.000157 mysql-bin.000167 mysql-bin.000177 mysql-bin.000187 mysql-bin.000197 mysql-bin.000207 mysql-bin.000217 mysql-bin.000138 mysql-bin.000148 mysql-bin.000158 mysql-bin.000168 mysql-bin.000178 mysql-bin.000188 mysql-bin.000198 mysql-bin.000208 mysql-bin.000218</code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso">显示mysql中数据部分和基本的配置部分所占用的磁盘空间
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso">/mnt/ssd/data$ sudo du -h -d 1 163G ./StockData 636K ./performance_schema 1.7M ./mysql 56K ./db_user_msg 242G .</code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso">结果发现这其中很多的空间都被mysql-bin*文件所占用了
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso">/mnt/ssd/data$ sudo du -c -h mysql-bin* 1.1G mysql-bin.000135 ...... 491M mysql-bin.000218 4.0K mysql-bin.index 80G total 结果显示mysql-bin占用了大约80G的磁盘空间</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso">现在我们要将这些日志清理掉
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc">mysql> show master logs; +------------------+------------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+------------+ | mysql-bin.000135 | 1073742116 | | mysql-bin.000136 | 1073742153 | ...... | mysql-bin.000216 | 1073747783 | | mysql-bin.000217 | 1073742128 | | mysql-bin.000218 | 514734902 | +------------------+------------+ 84 rows in set (0.01 sec) 这应该是主从备份一周以内的日志文件 查看一下目前正在起作用的日志文件是哪一个 mysql> show master status; +------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000218 | 514734902 | | | | +------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc">如何删除多余的日志<br>
日志的删除<br>
对于比较繁忙的OLTP系统,由于每天生产日志量大,这些日志如果长时间不清理,将会对磁盘空间带来很大的浪费,因此,定期删除日志是DBA维护Mysql数据库的一个重要工作内容,下面将介绍几种删除日志的常见方法:
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc">先去获得mysql中数据存储的位置:
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc">mysql> show variables like "datadir"; +---------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-----------------+ | datadir | /var/lib/mysql/ | +---------------+-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 这是mysql中的默认存储位置</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc">再去查看master中日志的存储位置:
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk">mysql> show variables like "log%"; +----------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | log_bin | ON | | log_bin_basename | /mnt/ssd/data/mysql-bin | | log_bin_index | /mnt/ssd/data/mysql-bin.index | | log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF | | log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF | | log_error | /var/log/mysql/error.log | | log_output | FILE | | log_queries_not_using_indexes | OFF | | log_slave_updates | OFF | | log_slow_admin_statements | OFF | | log_slow_slave_statements | OFF | | log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes | 0 | | log_warnings | 1 | +----------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ 13 rows in set (0.00 sec)</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk">查询slave节点的更新状态:
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso">mysql> show slave status \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 25.25.2.6 Master_User: gpx_sync Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 10 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000218 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 514734902 Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000669 Relay_Log_Pos: 236 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000218 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: StockData.t_day_stock Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 514734902 Relay_Log_Space: 132818854 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: e61e54d8-1e08-11e5-9160-44a842112d25 Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 这里面我们获得的有用的信息是: Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000218 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 514734902 Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000669 Relay_Log_Pos: 236 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000218 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso">执行“reset master;”命令,该命令将删除所有二进制日志,新日志的编号从“000001” 开始;
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl">Mysql>reset master;</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl">执行“Purge master logs to ‘mysql-bin.’” 命令,该命令将删除“” 编号之前的所有日志,下列中删除了“mysql-bin.000001”之前编号的所有日志;
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl"><code class="hljs vbnet">Mysql>purge master logs to 'mysql-bin.000215';</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl"><code class="hljs vbnet">执行“purge master logs before ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:min:ss’”命令,该命令将删除日期为“yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss”之前产生的所有日志,下列中删除了日期在“2010-05-22 01:00:00”之前的所有日志
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl"><code class="hljs vbnet"><code class="hljs css">Mysql>purge master logs before ‘2010-05-22 01:00:00’;</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>
<code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl"><code class="hljs vbnet"><code class="hljs css">设置参数 –expire_logs_days=#(days),此参数的含义是设置日志的过期天数,过来指定的天数后日志将会被自动删除,这样将有利于减少DBA管理日志的工作量。
<code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs sql"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs smalltalk"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs perl"><code class="hljs vbnet"><code class="hljs css"><code class="hljs asciidoc">gpx@dell:~$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf [mysqld] expire_logs_days = 3 这样,3天前的日志都会被删除,系统自动删除 查看系统中对于二进制日志自动删除的过期时间 mysql> show variables like "expire%"; +------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------+-------+ | expire_logs_days | 3 | +------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

ToadDuserSinMySqleFeffectially, 다음에 따르면, 다음 사항을 따르십시오

toaddanewuser와 함께 complexpermissionsinmysql, followthesesteps : 1) createShereuser'NewUser '@'localhost'Identifiedby'pa ssword ';. 2) grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withgrantselectonmydatabase.to'newuser'@'localhost';. 3) GrantWriteAccessto '

MySQL의 문자열 데이터 유형에는 char, varchar, binary, varbinary, blob 및 텍스트가 포함됩니다. 콜라이트는 문자열의 비교와 분류를 결정합니다. 1. 차량은 고정 길이 스트링에 적합하고 Varchar는 가변 길이 스트링에 적합합니다. 2. 이진 및 바이너리는 이진 데이터에 사용되며 Blob 및 텍스트는 큰 객체 데이터에 사용됩니다. 3. UTF8MB4_UNICODE_CI와 같은 정렬 규칙은 상류 및 소문자를 무시하며 사용자 이름에 적합합니다. UTF8MB4_BIN은 사례에 민감하며 정확한 비교가 필요한 필드에 적합합니다.

가장 좋은 mysqlvarchar 열 길이 선택은 데이터 분석을 기반으로하고, 향후 성장을 고려하고, 성능 영향을 평가하고, 문자 세트 요구 사항을 기반으로해야합니다. 1) 일반적인 길이를 결정하기 위해 데이터를 분석합니다. 2) 미래 확장 공간을 예약하십시오. 3) 성능에 대한 큰 길이의 영향에주의를 기울이십시오. 4) 문자 세트가 스토리지에 미치는 영향을 고려하십시오. 이러한 단계를 통해 데이터베이스의 효율성과 확장 성을 최적화 할 수 있습니다.

mysqlblobshavelimits : tinyblob (255bodes), blob (65,535 bytes), mediumblob (16,777,215 bctes), andlongblob (4,294,967,295 Bytes) .tousebl obseffectical : 1) 고려 사항을 고려합니다

MySQL에서 사용자 생성을 자동화하기위한 최고의 도구 및 기술은 다음과 같습니다. 1. MySQLworkBench, 중소형 환경에 적합하고 사용하기 쉽지만 자원 소비가 높습니다. 2. 다중 서버 환경에 적합한 Ansible, 간단하지만 가파른 학습 곡선; 3. 사용자 정의 파이썬 스크립트, 유연하지만 스크립트 보안을 보장해야합니다. 4. 꼭두각시와 요리사는 대규모 환경에 적합하며 복잡하지만 확장 가능합니다. 선택할 때 척도, 학습 곡선 및 통합 요구를 고려해야합니다.

예, youcansearchinsideablobinmysqlusingspecifictechniques.1) converttheblobtoautf-8stringwithConvertFunctionandSearchusing


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