[转]自己写PHP扩展之创建一个类 - orlion

原文：http://www.imsiren.com/archives/572

比如我们要创建一个类..PHP代码如下

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class Person {     public $name;     public $age;     public function __construct() {         echo "construct is running! ";     }     public function __destruct() {         echo " destruct is running!";     }     public function getproperty($key) {         echo $this->$key;     }     public function setproperty($key,$val) {         $this->$key = $val;     } }

用PHP来做,很简单..
那么用PHP扩展来写该怎么做?
OK.
1.在php_siren.h里面声明类

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PHP_METHOD(Person,__construct); PHP_METHOD(Person,__destruct); PHP_METHOD(Person,setproperty); PHP_METHOD(Person,getproperty);

PHP_METHOD宏.
PHP_METHOD 等于ZEND_METHOD
这个宏接受两个参数,第一个是类名,第二个是类的方法

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#define ZEND_METHOD(classname, name)    ZEND_NAMED_FUNCTION(ZEND_MN(classname##_##name)) #define INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS int ht, zval *return_value, zval **return_value_ptr, zval *this_ptr, int return_v    alue_used TSRMLS_DC //最后等于 void name(int ht, zval *return_value, zval **return_value_ptr, zval *this_ptr, int return_v    alue_used TSRMLS_DC )

这个宏是用来声明我们的方法…
2.设置接收的参数
我们的方法如果需要接受参数.那么就要执行

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ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO_EX(arg_person_info,0,0,2)         ZEND_ARG_INFO(0,name) ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

详细讲这几个宏之前先看看zend_arg_info

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typedef struct _zend_arg_info {         const char *name; //参数名称         zend_uint name_len;//长度         const char *class_name;  //所属类名         zend_uint class_name_len;  //类名长度         zend_bool array_type_hint;         zend_bool allow_null; //允许为空         zend_bool pass_by_reference;  //引用传值         zend_bool return_reference;   //引用返回         int required_num_args;   //参数个数 } zend_arg_info;

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO_EX定义在Zend/zend_API.h

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#define ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO_EX(name, pass_rest_by_reference, return_reference, required_num_args)       \         static const zend_arg_info name[] = {                                                                                                                                           \                 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0, 0, pass_rest_by_reference, return_reference, required_num_args },

很明显 声明一个zend_arg_info的数组name,然后初始化结构体的值
ZEND_ARG_INFO(0,name)的定义如下

1	#define ZEND_ARG_INFO(pass_by_ref, name)  { #name, sizeof(#name)-1, NULL, 0, 0, 0, pass_by_ref, 0, 0 },

这三个宏 执行代码 等于

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static const zend_arg_info name[] = {                                                                                                                                                    { NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0, 0, pass_rest_by_reference, return_reference, required_num_args }, { #name, sizeof(#name)-1, NULL, 0, 0, 0, pass_by_ref, 0, 0 }, };

3.创建zend_function_entry结构数组

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const zend_function_entry person_functions[]={         PHP_ME(Person,__construct,NULL,ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC|ZEND_ACC_CTOR)         PHP_ME(Person,__destruct,NULL,ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC|ZEND_ACC_DTOR)         PHP_ME(Person,getproperty,arg_person_info,ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)         PHP_ME(Person,setproperty,arg_person_info,ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)         PHP_FE_END };

zend_function_entry定义如下

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typedef struct _zend_function_entry {         const char *fname; //函数名称         void (*handler)(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS);         const struct _zend_arg_info *arg_info;//参数         zend_uint num_args;//参数个数         zend_uint flags;//标示PUBLIC ?PRIVATE ?PROTECTED } zend_function_entry;

PHP_ME宏接收四个参数
1 类名,
2 方法名,
3 zend_arg_info 的参数列表,

ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC ZEND_ACC_PRIVATE ZEND_ACC_PROTECTED是我们类里面的三个访问权限
ZEND_ACC_CTOR标示构造函数
ZEND_ACC_DTOR标示析构函数
4.修改PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION
前面我们说过 PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION是在模块启动的时候执行的函数
首先创建一个全局指针 zend_class_entry *person_ce;
在PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION加入如下代码

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zend_class_entry person; INIT_CLASS_ENTRY(person,"Person",person_functions); person_ce=zend_register_internal_class_ex(&person,NULL,NULL TSRMLS_CC); zend_declare_property_null(person_ce,ZEND_STRL("name"),ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC TSRMLS_CC);

1行创建一个zend_class_entry对象person.
zend_class_entry这个结构体前面也讲过 PHP内核研究之类的实现
2行初始化zend_class_entry 它执行了如下代码

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{                                                                                                                       \         int _len = class_name_len;                                                              \         class_container.name = zend_strndup(class_name, _len);  \         class_container.name_length = _len;                                             \         class_container.builtin_functions = functions;                  \         class_container.constructor = NULL;                                             \         class_container.destructor = NULL;                                              \         class_container.clone = NULL;                                                   \         class_container.serialize = NULL;                                               \         class_container.unserialize = NULL;                                             \         class_container.create_object = NULL;                                   \         class_container.interface_gets_implemented = NULL;              \         class_container.get_static_method = NULL;                               \         class_container.__call = handle_fcall;                                  \         class_container.__callstatic = NULL;                                    \         class_container.__tostring = NULL;                                              \         class_container.__get = handle_propget;                                 \         class_container.__set = handle_propset;                                 \         class_container.__unset = handle_propunset;                             \         class_container.__isset = handle_propisset;                             \         class_container.serialize_func = NULL;                                  \         class_container.unserialize_func = NULL;                                \         class_container.serialize = NULL;                                               \         class_container.unserialize = NULL;                                             \         class_container.parent = NULL;                                                  \         class_container.num_interfaces = 0;                                             \         class_container.interfaces = NULL;                                              \         class_container.get_iterator = NULL;                                    \         class_container.iterator_funcs.funcs = NULL;                    \         class_container.module = NULL;                                                  \ }

可以对应文章>> PHP内核研究之类的实现来分析
zend_declare_property_null(person_ce,ZEND_STRL(“name”),ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC TSRMLS_CC);
创建一个值为NULL的属性
第一个参数是类名,第二个参数是 属性名称,第三个参数是属性名的长度,因为ZEND_STRL宏定义了长度,所以这里不用再传递长度.
第四个参数是属性的访问权限.
还有其他几个函数用来创建不同类型的属性

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zend_declare_property_bool zend_declare_property_double zend_declare_property_ex zend_declare_property_long zend_declare_property_null zend_declare_property_string zend_declare_property_stringl

5.创建 php_siren.h头文件中的方法体

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PHP_METHOD(Person,__construct){         php_printf("construct is running "); } PHP_METHOD(Person,__destruct){         php_printf("destruct is running "); } PHP_METHOD(Person,setproperty){   } PHP_METHOD(Person,getproperty){   }

6.最后make&& make install
编译我们的扩展,
重新启动apache.
$p=new Person();
?>
我们就能在浏览器里看到输出的内容

construct is running
destruct is running

这样 ..我们用扩展创建的一个基本类就完成了.