이 글의 내용은 Swoole 동기화 모드와 코루틴 모드의 비교(자세한 내용)입니다. 필요한 친구들이 참고할 수 있기를 바랍니다.
현대 고급 PHP 개발에서 Swoole은 상주 메모리 및 코루틴과 같은 PHP에 더 많은 가능성을 제공합니다. 기존 Apache/FPM 모드와 상주 메모리 모드(동기화) 간의 큰 차이점에 대해 테스트한 후, 누구나 직관적으로 엄청난 성능 향상을 느낄 수 있겠지만, 코루틴의 등장으로 얼마나 많은 성능 향상이 이루어졌을까요? 성능의 어떤 측면이 개선되었나요? 단계별로 테스트해 보겠습니다.
기존 Apache/FPM 모드와 상주 메모리 모드(동기화)에 대한 테스트 기사:
MixPHP 동시성 성능 종합 비교 테스트
코루틴 모드와 상주 메모리 모드(동기화)/ 기존과 비교 모드:
상주 모드/기존 모드는 모두 동기 차단 프로그래밍입니다. 동일한 프로세스는 요청을 병렬로 처리할 수 없으므로 동시성을 향상하기 위해 매번 더 많은 프로세스를 열 수 있습니다. 일반적으로 100
이상입니다. 프로세스에는 기본 메모리 소비량이 많아 더 나아가 전체 Linux 프로세스 수의 제한으로 인해 총 동시성 수를 초과할 수 없으며 CPU에는 더 많은 스레드 전환이 필요합니다. 물론 매번 처음부터 다시 시작해야 하는 기존 FPM 모드와 비교하면 상주 모드가 훨씬 낫지만 코루틴은 분명히 더 좋습니다.
코루틴 모드 실행 방법:
코루틴 모드에서는 프로세스가 N개의 요청을 동시에 실행할 수 있지만 그 중 하나만 동시에 실행됩니다. 즉, MySQL/Redis를 실행할 때입니다. 클라이언트 이때 클라이언트의 응답을 기다려야 하기 때문에 상주 모드/기존 모드는 일반적으로 응답을 기다리고 있으며 코루틴은 이때 현재 코루틴을 일시 중지하고 다른 코루틴으로 전환하여 다른 요청을 처리합니다. , 따라서 코루틴은 N개의 요청을 동시에 처리할 수 있습니다. 각 추가 요청은 프로세스를 늘리는 데 따른 메모리 소비만 늘리면 됩니다. 코루틴은 병렬로 처리할 수 있기 때문에 훨씬 적습니다. 일반적으로 CPU 수는 1로 구성하면 됩니다. 프로세스 수가 2배 정도이면 충분합니다. 프로세스 수가 적으면 CPU 스레드 전환이 줄어들고 성능 손실이 많이 줄어듭니다.
MixPHP는 Swoole의 3가지 모드 FPM, 상주 메모리 모드, 코루틴 모드를 기반으로 하는 고성능 PHP 프레임워크입니다. 프레임워크에는 상주 메모리 모드와 코루틴 모드가 모두 있으므로 결과를 쉽게 테스트할 수 있습니다.
테스트 환경:
docker 컨테이너, CPU 1개로 제한됩니다.
기타 매개변수는 다음과 같습니다.
Server Name: mix-httpd Framework Version: 1.1.0-RC PHP Version: 7.2.9 Swoole Version: 4.1.0 Listen Addr: 127.0.0.1 Listen Port: 9501
코드:
일반적인 HTTP 개발 요구 사항을 시뮬레이션하고 세 가지 SQL 요청을 실행합니다.
// 默认动作 public function actionIndex() { PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 1")->queryOne(); PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 2")->queryOne(); return PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` limit 5")->queryAll(); }
상주 메모리 모드(동기):
프로세스 수 | 동시성 수 | RPS |
---|---|---|
8 | 100 | 83 8.6 5 |
8 | 300 | 683.78 |
8 | 500 | 688.56 |
50 | 100 | 770.69 |
50 | 300 | 304.90 |
50 | 300 | 378.95 |
코루틴 모드:
프로세스 수 | 동시성 수 | RPS |
---|---|---|
8 | 100 | 834.12 |
8 | 300 | 837.50 |
8 | 500 | 824.14 |
协程在本次测试中并没有像之前的传统 Apache/FPM 模式与常驻内存模式(同步)的测试一样展现出巨大的性能提升,说明:
在少量能快速响应的 SQL 请求中,协程的提升并不明显,应该要在响应时间更大时,才能感受到协程优势。
常驻内存模式的进程数配置过多,并发性能反而会降低,该问题同样适用于传统 Apache/FPM 模式。
首先 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 100 测试,RPS 为 838.65。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 11.924 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 838.65 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 119.239 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.192 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 217.85 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 4 Processing: 20 118 18.3 118 195 Waiting: 19 118 18.4 118 195 Total: 20 118 18.4 119 195 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 119 66% 126 75% 130 80% 133 90% 141 95% 147 98% 155 99% 161 100% 195 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 300 测试,RPS 为 683.78。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 300 Time taken for tests: 14.624 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 683.78 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 438.735 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.462 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 177.62 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 30.0 0 3000 Processing: 62 432 493.4 354 3457 Waiting: 54 431 488.1 354 3455 Total: 62 433 494.1 354 3457 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 354 66% 373 75% 385 80% 392 90% 411 95% 432 98% 3170 99% 3266 100% 3457 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 500 测试,RPS 为 688.56。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 500 Time taken for tests: 14.523 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 688.56 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 726.150 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.452 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 178.87 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 30.0 0 3000 Processing: 102 707 618.4 596 3632 Waiting: 89 703 605.6 595 3629 Total: 102 707 618.9 596 3633 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 596 66% 620 75% 635 80% 645 90% 679 95% 3125 98% 3401 99% 3495 100% 3633 (longest request)
现在调整为 50 进程,100 并发测试,RPS 为 770.69。
进程的增加并没有带来并发量的提升。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 12.975 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 770.69 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 129.754 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.298 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 200.20 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 42.4 0 3000 Processing: 10 128 499.8 56 7137 Waiting: 10 127 495.8 55 7137 Total: 11 129 503.3 56 7137 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 56 66% 72 75% 86 80% 97 90% 133 95% 179 98% 312 99% 3052 100% 7137 (longest request)
50 进程,300 并发测试,RPS 为 304.90。
对比 8 个进程时的结果,并发量降低非常明显,看来进程数过多并不能提升性能,反而会降低性能。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 300 Time taken for tests: 32.798 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 304.90 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 983.942 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 3.280 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 79.20 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 3 90.0 0 3001 Processing: 25 976 1339.8 189 3694 Waiting: 23 954 1316.5 188 3691 Total: 25 979 1341.0 189 3694 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 189 66% 289 75% 3094 80% 3113 90% 3184 95% 3249 98% 3315 99% 3375 100% 3694 (longest request)
50 进程,500 并发测试,RPS 为 378.95。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 500 Time taken for tests: 26.389 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 378.95 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 1319.431 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 2.639 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 98.44 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 2 79.4 0 3001 Processing: 64 1306 1434.7 341 3962 Waiting: 17 1224 1391.4 321 3959 Total: 65 1308 1435.2 342 3963 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 342 66% 3142 75% 3168 80% 3195 90% 3292 95% 3374 98% 3467 99% 3516 100% 3963 (longest request)
首先 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 100 测试,RPS 为 834.12。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 11.989 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 834.12 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 119.886 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.199 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 216.68 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.3 0 4 Processing: 84 119 9.8 122 165 Waiting: 84 119 9.8 122 164 Total: 84 119 9.8 123 165 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 123 66% 124 75% 125 80% 125 90% 126 95% 128 98% 131 99% 137 100% 165 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 300 测试,RPS 为 837.50。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 300 Time taken for tests: 11.940 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 837.50 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 358.207 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.194 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 217.55 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 42.4 0 3001 Processing: 86 354 1043.0 161 7172 Waiting: 86 344 1011.9 160 7172 Total: 86 355 1044.5 161 7172 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 161 66% 182 75% 199 80% 212 90% 251 95% 302 98% 6103 99% 6135 100% 7172 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 500 测试,RPS 为 824.14。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 500 Time taken for tests: 12.134 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 824.14 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 606.690 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.213 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 214.08 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.3 0 4 Processing: 92 332 585.3 198 6931 Waiting: 91 331 585.5 196 6931 Total: 92 332 585.3 198 6931 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 198 66% 242 75% 284 80% 334 90% 587 95% 932 98% 1216 99% 2390 100% 6931 (longest request)
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위 내용은 Swoole 동기화 모드와 코루틴 모드 비교(자세히)의 상세 내용입니다. 자세한 내용은 PHP 중국어 웹사이트의 기타 관련 기사를 참조하세요!