Jquery 선택기에 대한 종합적인 설명
- 零下一度원래의
- 2017-07-19 16:56:401181검색
1 개요
간단한 CSS 선택기 $()와 함께 jQuery 선택 기능을 사용했습니다. 이제 jQuery 선택기 구문과 선택한 요소 집합을 추출하고 확장하는 몇 가지 방법을 살펴보겠습니다.
1. jQuery 선택기
CSS3 선택기 표준 초안에 정의된 선택기 구문에서 jQuery는 상당히 완전한 하위 집합 집합을 지원하고 비표준이지만 유용한 의사 클래스도 추가합니다. 참고: 이 섹션은 jQuery 선택기에 관한 것입니다. 이러한 선택기 중 대부분(전부는 아님)을 CSS 스타일 시트에서 사용할 수 있습니다. 선택기 구문은 3단계 구조로 되어 있습니다. 가장 간단한 형태의 선택기를 본 적이 있을 것입니다. "#te st"는 id 속성이 "test"인 요소를 선택합니다. "blockquote"는 문서의 모든
요소를 선택하는 반면, "div.note"는 클래스 속성이 "note"인 모든요소를 선택합니다. 단순 선택자는 결합 문자가 구분 기호로 사용되는 한 "div.note>p" 및 "blockquote i"와 같은 "결합 선택기"로 결합될 수 있습니다. 단순 선택기와 결합 선택기는 쉼표로 구분된 목록으로 그룹화할 수도 있습니다. 이 유형의 선택기 그룹은 $() 함수에 전달되는 가장 일반적인 선택 형태입니다. 결합 선택자와 선택자 그룹을 설명하기 전에 먼저 단순 선택자의 구문을 이해해야 합니다.
2 기본 선택기
2.1 목록
2.2 샘플 코드
(1)id selector
id를 성으로 설정 요소의 배경색을 파란색으로 설정하세요
코드 보기1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("#lastname").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 12 });13 14 </script>15 </head>16 <body>17 <div id="lastname">id为lastname的选择器</div>18 </body>19 </html>(2) 클래스 선택기
인트로 요소의 배경색을 파란색으로 설정하세요
코드 보기1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(".intro").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 12 });13 14 </script>15 </head>16 <body>17 <div class="intro">div选择器测试</div>18 <p class="intro">p测试选择器</p>19 </body>20 </html>(3) 요소 선택기
p 요소의 배경색을 파란색으로 설정하세요
코드 보기1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("p").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 12 });13 14 </script>15 </head>16 <body>17 <p>p测试选择器</p>18 </body>19 </html>(4) 모두 선택기
본문 아래의 모든 요소를 순회하고 배경색을 파란색으로 설정하세요
코드 보기1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("body *").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 12 });13 14 </script>15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>选择器测试</div>18 <p>p元素</p>19 </body>20 </html>(5)并列选择器
将元素p和元素div背景色设置为蓝色
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("p,div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 12 });13 14 </script>15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>选择器测试</div>18 <p>p元素</p>19 </body>20 </html>3 层次选择器
3.1 一览表
3.2 示例代码
(1)parent>child(直系子元素，即直接下一代元素)
设置div元素的第一代元素为span的元素的背景色为蓝色
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div>span").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 12 });13 14 </script>15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>18 <span>DOM树，DIV第一代</span>19 <p>20 <span>DOM树，第二代</span>21 </p>22 <span>DOM树，DIV第一代</span>23 </div>24 </body>25 </html>测试结果：
结果分析：根据如上代码画出的DOM树如下，可以很清晰看出，DIV有三个直接孩子，即第一代span,p,span，代码中div>span，表示div下的直接第一代span，因此，测试结果就不难理解了。
(2)prev+next(prev元素的下一个兄弟元素，等同于next()方法)
设置类为intro元素的下一个兄弟元素背景色为蓝色
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(".intro+div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 //$(".intro").next("div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");12 13 });14 15 </script>16 </head>17 <body>18 <div>1</div>19 <p class="intro">2</p>20 <div>3</div>21 <div>4</div>22 <span class="item">5</span>23 <div>6</div>24 </body>25 </html>测试结果：
结果分析：根据如上代码画出DOM树如下图，测试结果显而易见。
(3)prev~siblings(prev元素的所有兄弟元素，等同于nextAll()方法)
设置类为intro元素之后的所有兄弟元素为div元素的背景色为蓝色
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(".intro~div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G0</div>17 <div class="intro">G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <span>G3</span>20 <div>G4</div>21 </body>22 </html>测试结果：
分析测试结果：根据如上代码画出DOM树如下图，测试结果显而易见。
4 过滤选择器
4.1 基本过滤选择器
4.1.1 一览表
4.1.2 代码示例
(1):first(选取第一个元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("span:first").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <span>G1</span>17 <span>G2</span>18 <span>G3</span>19 </body>20 </html>测试结果：
(2):last(选取最后一个元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("span:last").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <span>G1</span>17 <span>G2</span>18 <span>G3</span>19 </body>20 </html>测试结果：
(3)：not(取非元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:not(.wrap)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G1</div>17 <div class="wrap">G2</div>18 </body>19 </html>但是，请注意下面的代码：当G1所在div和G2所在div是父子关系时，G1和G2都会变色。
View Code1 <div>2 G1 <div class="wrap">G2</div>3 </div>(4):even(索引为偶数，索引 index从0开始)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:even").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G1</div>17 <div>G2</div>18 <div>G3</div>19 <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>测试结果：
(5):odd(索引为奇数，索引 index从0开始)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:odd").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G1</div>17 <div>G2</div>18 <div>G3</div>19 <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>测试结果：
(6):eq(x)(取指定索引的元素，x为从0开始的索引)
设置索引为2的div元素背景为蓝色
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:eq(2)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G1</div>17 <div>G2</div>18 <div>G3</div>19 <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>测试结果：
(7):lt(x))(取小于指定索引的元素，x为从0开始的索引)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:lt(2)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G1</div>17 <div>G2</div>18 <div>G3</div>19 <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>测试结果：
(8):gt(x))(取大于指定索引的元素，x为从0开始的索引)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:gt(2)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>G1</div>17 <div>G2</div>18 <div>G3</div>19 <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>测试结果：
(8):header(取h1-h6标题元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(":header").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <h1>测试H1标题</h1>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div>G3</div>20 <h2>测试h2标题</h2>21 <h3>测试h3标题</h3>22 <h4>测试h4标题</h4>23 <div>G4</div>24 <h5>测试h5标题</h5>25 <h6>测试h6标题</h6>26 </body>27 </html>测试结果：
(9):animated(所有动画元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 function aniDiv() {11 $("#box").animate({ width: 300 }, "slow");12 $("#box").animate({ width: 100 }, "slow", aniDiv);13 }14 aniDiv();15 $(".btn1").click(function () {16 $(":animated").css("background-color", "#0000ff");17 });18 });19 20 </script>21 <style>22 div {23 background: #98bf21;24 height: 40px;25 width: 100px;26 position: relative;27 margin-bottom: 5px;28 }29 </style>30 </head>31 <body>32 <div></div>33 <div id="box"></div>34 <div></div>35 <button class="btn1">Mark animated element</button>36 </body>37 </html>测试结果：
4.2 内容过滤选择器
4.2.1 一览表
4.2.2 示例代码
(1):contains(text)(取包含text文本的元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div:contains("G2")').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div>G3</div>20 </body>21 </html>测试结果：
(2):empty（取不包含子元素或文本为空的元素）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div:empty').html('没有内容');11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div>G3</div>20 <div></div>21 </body>22 </html>测试结果：
(3) :has(selector)（取选择器匹配的元素）
即使span不是div的直系子元素，也会生效
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 // 为包含span元素的div添加边框11 $('div:has(span)').css('border', '1px solid #000');12 });13 14 </script>15 16 </head>17 <body>18 <div>19 <h2>20 A <span>B</span>21 </h2>22 </div>23 </body>24 </html>测试结果：
(4):parent（取包含子元素或文本的元素）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('ol li:parent').css('border', '1px solid #000');11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <ol>18 <li></li>19 <li>A</li>20 <li></li>21 <li>D</li>22 </ol>23 </body>24 </html>测试结果：
4.3 可见性过滤选择器
4.3.1 一览表
4.3.2 示例代码
(1):hidden（取不可见的元素）
匹配display:none，，visibility:hidden，capacity:0元素
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div:hidden').show(500);11 alert($('input:hidden').val());12 });13 </script>14 <style type="text/css">15 div 16 {17 margin: 10px;18 width: 200px;19 height: 40px;20 border: 1px solid #FF0000;21 display:block;22 }23 24 .hid-1 25 {26 display: none;27 }28 29 .hid-2 30 {31 visibility: hidden;32 }33 34 </style>35 </head>36 <body>37 <div class="hid-1">display: none</div>38 <div class="hid-2">visibility: hidden</div>39 <input type="hidden" value="hello" />40 </body>41 </html>测试结果：
(2):visible（取可见的元素）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div:visible').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div style="display:none">G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div style="display:none">G3</div>20 <div>G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26测试结果：
4.4 属性过滤选择器
4.4.1 一览表
4.4.2 代码示例
(1)[attribute]（取拥有attribute属性的元素）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div[class]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div>G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26测试结果：
(2)[attribute = value]（取attribute属性值等于value）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div[class=div3]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div class="div3">G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26测试结果：
(3) [attribute != value](取attribute属性值不等于value的元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div[class!=div3]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div class="div3">G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26测试结果：
(4)[attribute $= value](attribute属性值以value结束)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('[id$=div]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div id="first_div">G1</div>18 <div id="second_div">G2</div>19 <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>测试结果：
(5))[attribute^= value](attribute属性值以value开始)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('[id^=first]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div id="first_div">G1</div>18 <div id="second_div">G2</div>19 <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26测试结果：
(6)[attribute *= value]（attribute属性值包含value值）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('[id*=first]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div id="first_div">G1</div>18 <div id="second_div">G2</div>19 <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>测试结果：
注释：在属性选择器中，^$符号和正则表达式的开始结束符号表示的含义是一致的，*模糊匹配，类似于sql中的like '%str%'。
(7)[selector1][selector2]（复合型属性过滤器，同时满足多个条件）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $('div[class=div3][title=3div]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11 });12 13 </script>14 15 </head>16 <body>17 <div>G1</div>18 <div>G2</div>19 <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20 <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26测试结果：
4.5 子元素过滤选择器
4.5.1 一览表
4.5.2 代码示例
(1)first-child(表示匹配的第一个元素)和last-child(表示匹配的最后一个子元素)
需要大家注意的是，:fisrst和:last返回的都是单个元素，而:first-child和:last-child返回的都是集合元素。举个 例子：div:first返回的是整个DOM文档中第一个div元素，而div:first-child是返回所有div元素下的第一个元素合并后的集 合。
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:first-child").css("background-color", "#B2E0FF");11 $("div:last-child").css("background-color", "red");12 });13 </script>14 </head>15 <body>16 <div>17 <div>1</div>18 <div>2</div>19 <p>3</p>20 </div>21 <div>4</div>22 <div>last</div>23 </body>24 </html>测试结果：
(3)only-child(当某个元素有且仅有一个子元素时，:only-child才会生效)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $("div:only-child").css("background-color", "red");11 });12 </script>13 </head>14 <body>15 <div>16 <div>1</div>17 <div>2</div>18 <p>3</p>19 </div>20 <div>4</div>21 <div>last22 <div>ddd</div>23 </div>24 </body>25 </html>测试结果：
(4)nth-child
看到这个就想起英文单词里的，fourth, fifth, sixth……，nth表示第n个，:nth-child就表示第n个child元素。要注意的是，这儿的n不像eq(x)、gt(x)或lt(x)是从 0开始的，它是从1开始的，英文里好像也没有zeroth这样的序号词吧。
:nth-child有三种用法：
1) :nth-child(x)，获取第x个子元素
2) :nth-child(even)和:nth-child(odd)，从1开始，获取第偶数个元素或第奇数个元素
3) :nth-child(xn+y)，x>=0，y>=0。例如x = 3, y = 0时就是3n，表示取第3n个元素（n>=0）。实际上xn+y是上面两种的通项式。（当x=0,y>=0时，等同于:hth- child(x)；当x=2,y=0时，等同于nth-child(even)；当x=2,y=1时，等同于:nth-child(odd)）4.6 表单对象属性过滤选择器
4.6.1 一览表
4.6.2 代码示例
(1):enabled和:disabled（取可用或不可用元素）
:enabled和:diabled的匹配范围包括input, select, textarea
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(':enabled').css('border', '1px solid #FF0000');11 $(':disabled').css('border', '1px solid #0000FF');12 });13 14 </script>15 16 </head>17 <body>18 <div>19 <input type="text" value="可用的文本框" />20 </div>21 <div>22 <input type="text" disabled="disabled" value="不可用的文本框" />23 </div>24 <div>25 <textarea disabled="disabled">不可用的文本域</textarea>26 </div>27 <div>28 <select disabled="disabled">29 <option>English</option>30 <option>简体中文</option>31 </select>32 </div>33 </body>34 </html>测试结果：
(2):checked（取选中的单选框或复选框元素）
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(".btn1").click(function () {11 $(":checked").hide();12 });13 });14 </script>15 16 </head>17 <body>18 <input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" checked="checked" /> Male19 <br />20 <input type="radio" name="sex" value="female" /> Female21 <br />22 I have a bike:23 <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike" />24 <br />25 I have a car:26 <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car" checked="checked" />27 <br />28 I have an airplane:29 <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Airplane" />30 <button class="btn1">Hide Checked Options</button>31 32 </body>33 </html>(3):selected（取下拉列表被选中的元素）
View Code1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <script type="text/javascript" src="/jquery/jquery.js"></script> 4 <script type="text/javascript"> 5 $(document).ready(function(){ 6 $(".btn1").click(function(){ 7 $(":selected").hide(); 8 }); 9 });10 </script>11 </head>12 <body>13 14 <select multiple="multiple">15 <option>Volvo</option>16 <option selected="selected">Saab</option>17 <option>Mercedes</option>18 <option>Audi</option>19 </select>20 <br />21 <button class="btn1">Hide Selected</button>22 </body>23 </html>5 表单选择器
5.1 一览表
5.2 测试代码
(1):input()(选择所有input元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(":input").css("background-color", "#B2E0FF");11 });12 </script>13 </head>14 <body>15 <form action="">16 Name: <input type="text" name="user" />17 <br />18 Password: <input type="password" name="password" />19 <br />20 <button type="button">Useless Button</button>21 <input type="button" value="Another useless button" />22 <br />23 <input type="reset" value="Reset" />24 <input type="submit" value="Submit" />25 <br />26 </form>27 </body>28 </html>测试结果：
(2):text(选取所有text元素)
View Code1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6 <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7 <title>JQuery函数</title> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 $(document).ready(function () {10 $(":text").css("background-color", "#B2E0FF");11 });12 </script>13 </head>14 <body>15 <form action="">16 Name: <input type="text" name="user" />17 <br />18 Password: <input type="password" name="password" />19 <br />20 <button type="button">Useless Button</button>21 <input type="button" value="Another useless button" />22 <br />23 <input type="reset" value="Reset" />24 <input type="submit" value="Submit" />25 <br />26 </form>27 </body>28 </html>测试结果：
(3):select和:button
(4)其他表单元素比较简单，在此不列举。
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