Spring Boot가 JMS를 지원하는 방법에 대한 간략한 살펴보기

예제 코드

예제 코드는 일부 수정된 것입니다. 작성 시점에서는 Spring Boot 3.3.0(Spring Framework 6.1.8)을 사용하고 있습니다.

완전/pom.xml

ActiveMQ 임베디드 브로커로 전환

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-artemis</artifactId>-->
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
    <!--<artifactId>artemis-jakarta-server</artifactId>-->
    <artifactId>activemq-broker</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- ... -->

완전/src/main/resources/application.properties

디버그 로깅을 켜고 내장된 브로커 URL을 설정하세요

#spring.artemis.mode=embedded
debug=true
spring.activemq.broker-url=vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false

완전/src/main/java/hello/Application.java

직접 빌드하는 대신 Spring Boot에서 생성한 JmsListenerContainerFactory Bean을 사용하세요

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJms
public class Application {

    /*@Bean
    public JmsListenerContainerFactory<?> myFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
                                                    DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer configurer) {
        DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory factory = new DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory();
        // This provides all auto-configured defaults to this factory, including the message converter
        configurer.configure(factory, connectionFactory);
        // You could still override some settings if necessary.
        return factory;
    }*/

    //...

}

완전/src/main/java/hello/Receiver.java

기본값 지정 JmsListenerContainerFactory

@Component
public class Receiver {

    //@JmsListener(destination = "mailbox", containerFactory = "myFactory")
    @JmsListener(destination = "mailbox")
    public void receiveMessage(Email email) {
        System.out.println("Received <" + email + ">");
    }

}

Spring Boot 자동 구성 로그

JMS 관련 구성만 표시됩니다.

   ActiveMQAutoConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required classes 'jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)
      - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

   ActiveMQAutoConfiguration#activemqConnectionDetails matched:
      - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionDetails; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

   ActiveMQConnectionFactoryConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

   ActiveMQConnectionFactoryConfiguration.SimpleConnectionFactoryConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.activemq.pool.enabled=false) matched (OnPropertyCondition)

   ActiveMQConnectionFactoryConfiguration.SimpleConnectionFactoryConfiguration.CachingConnectionFactoryConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)
      - @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.jms.cache.enabled=true) matched (OnPropertyCondition)

   JmsAnnotationDrivenConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.jms.annotation.EnableJms' (OnClassCondition)

   JmsAnnotationDrivenConfiguration#jmsListenerContainerFactory matched:
      - @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate (types: jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found a single bean 'jmsConnectionFactory'; @ConditionalOnMissingBean (names: jmsListenerContainerFactory; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

   JmsAnnotationDrivenConfiguration#jmsListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer matched:
      - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

   JmsAutoConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required classes 'jakarta.jms.Message', 'org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate' (OnClassCondition)
      - @ConditionalOnBean (types: jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found bean 'jmsConnectionFactory' (OnBeanCondition)

   JmsAutoConfiguration.JmsTemplateConfiguration#jmsTemplate matched:
      - @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate (types: jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found a single bean 'jmsConnectionFactory'; @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.jms.core.JmsOperations; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

   JmsAutoConfiguration.MessagingTemplateConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.jms.core.JmsMessagingTemplate' (OnClassCondition)

   JmsAutoConfiguration.MessagingTemplateConfiguration#jmsMessagingTemplate matched:
      - @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate (types: org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; SearchStrategy: all) found a single bean 'jmsTemplate'; @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.jms.core.JmsMessageOperations; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

관련 인터페이스

Interface	Function
org.springframework.jms.support.destination.DestinationResolver	lookup jakarta.jms.Destination instance by String name
org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager	control transaction by JTA
org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter	serialize/deserialize DTO instance
jakarta.jms.ExceptionListener	processor when jakarta.jms.JMSException throws. One implementation is SingleConnectionFactory, connection managed by that class will be restarted once exception is catched
io.micrometer.observation.ObservationRegistry	for statistics

커넥션팩토리 소개

ActiveMQ 구현체는 org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory이지만 Spring Framework에서는 이를 직접 사용하지 않습니다. 클래스는 다음을 위해 org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory로 래핑됩니다

• 한 개의 연결만 생성되며 재사용됩니다
• 캐시 MessageProducer 및 MessageConsumer(이 예에서는 MessageProducer만 캐시됩니다.)

발행자

org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate을 통해 메시지 보내기

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-artemis</artifactId>-->
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
    <!--<artifactId>artemis-jakarta-server</artifactId>-->
    <artifactId>activemq-broker</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- ... -->

JmsTemplate 빈은 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration.JmsTemplateConfiguration#jmsTemplate에 의해 빌드됩니다. DTO를 역직렬화하려면 MessageConverter Bean이 필요합니다.

DestinationResolver는 org.springframework.jms.support.destination.DynamicDestinationResolver이고, 클래스는 jakarta.jms.Destination 인스턴스를 호출하여 가져옵니다. 🎜>jakarta.jms.Session#createTopic 또는 jakarta.jms.Session#createQueue.

구독자

org.springframework.jms.annotation.JmsListener 주석

attribute	Function
id	prefix of thread name which run listener
containerFactory	bean name of JmsListenerContainerFactory instance
destination	the destination name for this listener
subscription	the name of the durable subscription, if any
selector	an optional message selector for this listener
concurrency	number of thread running listener

org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer 클래스

JMS 사양에서는 비동기 메시지 처리가 지원되며 리스너는 JMS 공급자의 스레드에서 실행됩니다.

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-artemis</artifactId>-->
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
    <!--<artifactId>artemis-jakarta-server</artifactId>-->
    <artifactId>activemq-broker</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- ... -->

그러나 Spring Framework에서는 비동기식 접근 방식을 사용하지 않고 동기식 API(폴링)를 사용합니다. 실제 코드는 org.springframework.jms.support.destination.JmsDestinationAccessor#receiveFromConsumer에 있습니다.

#spring.artemis.mode=embedded
debug=true
spring.activemq.broker-url=vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false

org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer.AsyncMessageListenerInvoker 클래스는 주기적으로 폴링 작업을 수행하기 위한 클래스입니다. 이는 org.springframework.core.task.SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor에 예약되어 있습니다.

하나의 @JmsListener 주석이 달린 함수에 대해 하나의 DefaultMessageListenerContainer 인스턴스가 생성됩니다. 이는 org.springframework.jms.config.DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory에서 생성됩니다.

물론 MessageConverter와 ExceptionListener 인스턴스가 필요합니다.

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