이 가이드에서는 Spring Boot를 사용하여 간단하면서도 포괄적인 마이크로서비스 시스템을 만드는 과정을 살펴보겠습니다. 마이크로서비스의 기본 사항, 필요한 환경 설정, 두 가지 마이크로서비스인 OrderService 및 InventoryService 구현을 다룹니다. 또한 Eureka와 API 게이트웨이를 사용하여 서비스 검색을 통합하여 서비스 간 라우팅을 관리할 예정입니다.
마이크로서비스는 함께 작동하는 소규모의 독립적인 서비스 모음으로 애플리케이션을 구축하는 소프트웨어 아키텍처 스타일입니다. 각 서비스는 독립적이며 잘 정의된 API를 통해 다른 서비스와 통신하므로 시스템을 더욱 유연하고 확장 가능하며 관리하기 쉽게 만듭니다.
우리 시스템의 아키텍처는 OrderService와 InventoryService라는 두 가지 마이크로서비스로 구성됩니다. OrderService는 관계형 데이터베이스(MySQL)를 사용하여 주문 세부 정보를 저장하고 InventoryService는 NoSQL 데이터베이스(MongoDB)를 사용하여 재고 데이터를 관리합니다. 또한 Eureka로 서비스 검색을 구현하고 요청 라우팅을 위해 API 게이트웨이를 사용할 것입니다.
시작하기 전에 다음 도구가 설치되어 있는지 확인하세요.
src/main/resources에서 application.properties 파일을 열고 다음 구성을 추가합니다.
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/orderservice spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=yourpassword spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update spring.jpa.show-sql=true spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect server.port=8081
src/main/java/com/ordersystem/orderservice/model/Order.java에 Order 엔터티 클래스를 생성합니다.
package com.ordersystem.orderservice.model; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import javax.persistence.*; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Entity @Table(name = "orders") public class Order { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String product; private int quantity; private double price; }
src/main/java/com/ordersystem/orderservice/repository/OrderRepository.java에 OrderRepository 인터페이스를 생성합니다.
package com.ordersystem.orderservice.repository; import com.ordersystem.orderservice.model.Order; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; public interface OrderRepository extends JpaRepository<Order, Long> { }
src/main/java/com/ordersystem/orderservice/service/OrderService.java에 OrderService 클래스를 생성합니다.
package com.ordersystem.orderservice.service; import com.ordersystem.orderservice.model.Order; import com.ordersystem.orderservice.repository.OrderRepository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class OrderService { @Autowired private OrderRepository orderRepository; public List<Order> getAllOrders() { return orderRepository.findAll(); } public Order getOrderById(Long id) { return orderRepository.findById(id).orElse(null); } public Order createOrder(Order order) { return orderRepository.save(order); } public void deleteOrder(Long id) { orderRepository.deleteById(id); } }
src/main/java/com/ordersystem/orderservice/controller/OrderController.java에 OrderController 클래스를 생성합니다.
package com.ordersystem.orderservice.controller; import com.ordersystem.orderservice.model.Order; import com.ordersystem.orderservice.service.OrderService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/api/orders") public class OrderController { @Autowired private OrderService orderService; @GetMapping public List<Order> getAllOrders() { return orderService.getAllOrders(); } @GetMapping("/{id}") public Order getOrderById(@PathVariable Long id) { return orderService.getOrderById(id); } @PostMapping public Order createOrder(@RequestBody Order order) { return orderService.createOrder(order); } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public void deleteOrder(@PathVariable Long id) { orderService.deleteOrder(id); } }
src/main/resources에서 application.properties 파일을 열고 다음 구성을 추가합니다.
spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost:27017/inventoryservice server.port=8082
src/main/java/com/ordersystem/inventoryservice/model/InventoryItem.java에 InventoryItem 엔터티 클래스를 생성합니다.
package com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.model; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Document(collection = "inventory") public class InventoryItem { @Id private String id; private String product; private int quantity; }
src/main/java/com/ordersystem/inventoryservice/repository/InventoryRepository.java에 InventoryRepository 인터페이스를 생성합니다.
package com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.repository; import com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.model.InventoryItem; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository; public interface InventoryRepository extends MongoRepository<InventoryItem, String> { }
Create the InventoryService class in src/main/java/com/ordersystem/inventoryservice/service/InventoryService.java:
package com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.service; import com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.model.InventoryItem; import com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.repository.InventoryRepository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class InventoryService { @Autowired private InventoryRepository inventoryRepository; public List<InventoryItem> getAllItems() { return inventoryRepository.findAll(); } public InventoryItem getItemById(String id) { return inventoryRepository.findById(id).orElse(null); } public InventoryItem createItem(InventoryItem item) { return inventoryRepository.save(item); } public void deleteItem(String id) { inventoryRepository.deleteById(id); } }
Create the InventoryController class in src/main/java/com/ordersystem/inventoryservice/controller/InventoryController.java:
package com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.controller; import com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.model.InventoryItem; import com.ordersystem.inventoryservice.service.InventoryService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/api/inventory") public class InventoryController { @Autowired private InventoryService inventoryService; @GetMapping public List<InventoryItem> getAllItems() { return inventoryService.getAllItems(); } @GetMapping("/{id}") public InventoryItem getItemById(@PathVariable String id) { return inventoryService.getItemById(id); } @PostMapping public InventoryItem createItem(@RequestBody InventoryItem item) { return inventoryService.createItem(item); } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public void deleteItem(@PathVariable String id) { inventoryService.delete Item(id); } }
Open the application.properties file in src/main/resources and add the following configuration:
server.port=8761 eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
Annotate the main application class in src/main/java/com/ordersystem/eurekaserver/EurekaServerApplication.java with @EnableEurekaServer:
package com.ordersystem.eurekaserver; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args); } }
Add the Eureka client dependency to both OrderService and InventoryService:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency>
Add Eureka client configuration to the application.properties files:
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/ spring.application.name=order-service
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/ spring.application.name=inventory-service
Open the application.yml file in src/main/resources and add the following configuration:
server: port: 8080 spring: application: name: api-gateway cloud: gateway: routes: - id: order-service uri: lb://order-service predicates: - Path=/api/orders/** - id: inventory-service uri: lb://inventory-service predicates: - Path=/api/inventory/** eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
Annotate the main application class in src/main/java/com/ordersystem/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplication.java with @EnableDiscoveryClient:
package com.ordersystem.apigateway; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; @SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class ApiGatewayApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args); } }
Use Postman or any other API client to test the endpoints through the API Gateway:
In this guide, we've built a simple microservices system using Spring Boot. We created two microservices (OrderService and InventoryService), integrated service discovery with Eureka, and set up an API Gateway for routing requests. This architecture allows for scalable and maintainable microservices that can be easily extended in the future.
위 내용은 Spring Boot를 사용하여 첫 번째 마이크로서비스 시스템 구축: 초보자 가이드의 상세 내용입니다. 자세한 내용은 PHP 중국어 웹사이트의 기타 관련 기사를 참조하세요!