Oracle传输表空间总结

0、准备工作 --创建被传输的表空间 SQL create tablespace tbs_single datafile c:\Oracle\oradata\ora9i\tbs_single01.dbf size 100M extent management local; --创建用户，并将表空间作为默认表空间 SQL create user tranp identified by Oracle default t

0、准备工作
--创建被传输的表空间
SQL> create tablespace tbs_single
datafile 'c:\Oracle\oradata\ora9i\tbs_single01.dbf' size 100M
extent management local;
--创建用户，并将表空间作为默认表空间
SQL> create user tranp identified by Oracle default tablespace tbs_single;


SQL> grant connect,resource to tranp;
--在该表空间创建表，用于测试
SQL> create table tranp.t01 as select * from sys.dba_objects;
1、检查源、目标平台Endianness
在源数据库平台上：
SQL> SELECT d.PLATFORM_NAME, ENDIAN_FORMAT
  2       FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM. tp, V$DATABASE d
  3       WHERE tp.PLATFORM_NAME = d.PLATFORM_NAME;
PLATFORM_NAME                          ENDIAN_FORMAT
------------------------------------   --------------
Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)                 Little

在目标数据库平台上：
SQL> SELECT d.PLATFORM_NAME, ENDIAN_FORMAT
     FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM. tp, V$DATABASE d
     WHERE tp.PLATFORM_NAME = d.PLATFORM_NAME;
PLATFORM_NAME                          ENDIAN_FORMAT
------------------------------------                    --------------
Linux IA (32-bit)                         Little
由于源和目标平台的Endianness一致，可以省去convert这一步。
2、检查要表空间是否自包含
SQL> EXECUTE DBMS_TTS.TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK('TBS_SINGLE',true);
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
SQL> SELECT * FROM TRANSPORT_SET_VIOLATIONS;
未选定行
说明表空间是自包含的。
3、产生传输表空间集
创建目录对象
SQL> create DIRECTORY tranp_dir as 'c:\software';
目录已创建。
SQL> grant read,write on DIRECTORY tranp_dir to public;
授权成功。
将表空间置为只读。
SQL> alter tablespace tbs_single read only;
表空间已更改。
使用数据泵导出传输表空间的元数据


注：如果Endianness不一致，还需要使用RMAN进行转换表空间的数据文件。
4、传送表空间集
将表空间的数据文件和导出的DMP文件，传送到目标数据库平台上。
5、导入表空间
在目标数据库中，创建相应的目录对象和用户。
SQL> create directory tranp_dir as '/home/Oracle';
Directory created.

SQL> grant read,write on directory tranp_dir to public;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> create user tranp identified by Oracle;
User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to tranp;
Grant succeeded.
使用数据库泵，导入到目标数据库中。
[Oracle@ocmu ~]$ impdp system/oracle dumpfile=TBSINGLE.DMP directory=tranp_dir transport_datafiles=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/TBS_SINGLE01.DBF remap_schema=tranp:tranp

Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thursday, 30 August, 2012 23:40:25

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01":  system/******** dumpfile=TBSINGLE.DMP directory=tranp_dir transport_datafiles=/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/PROD/TBS_SINGLE01.DBF remap_schema=tranp:tranp
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completed at 23:40:29
将被导入的表空间置为read write。
SQL> alter tablespace TBS_SINGLE read write;
Tablespace altered.

6、测试
目标库中，进行测试。
SQL> select name from v$tablespace;

NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
UNDOTBS1
SYSAUX
USERS
TEMP
TBS_SINGLE
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
13 rows selected.



SQL> conn tranp/Oracle
Connected.
SQL> select * from tab;

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
T01                            TABLE

SQL> select count(*) from t01;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     49795

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.

SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME                STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM                         ONLINE
UNDOTBS1                       ONLINE
SYSAUX                         ONLINE
TEMP                           ONLINE
USERS                          ONLINE
TBS_SINGLE                     ONLINE
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
13 rows selected.
7、问题
问题描述：
Oracle@ocmu ~]$ impdp system/oracle dumpfile=TBSINGLE.DMP directory=tranp_dir transport_datafiles=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/TBS_SINGLE01.DBF remap_schema=tranp:tranp

Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thursday, 30 August, 2012 23:25:47

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01":  system/******** dumpfile=TBSINGLE.DMP directory=tranp_dir transport_datafiles=/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/PROD/TBS_SINGLE01.DBF remap_schema=tranp:tranp
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
ORA-39123: Data Pump transportable tablespace job aborted
ORA-29345: cannot plug a tablespace into a database using an incompatible character set

Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" stopped due to fatal error at 23:25:53

a元数据库：
SQL> select tab1.aa||'_'||tab2.bb||'.'||tab3.cc from
  2   (select VALUE$ aa from sys.props$ where name='NLS_LANGUAGE')tab1,
  3   (select VALUE$ bb from sys.props$ where name='NLS_ISO_CURRENCY')tab2,
  4   (select VALUE$ cc from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET')tab3;

TAB1.AA||'_'||TAB2.BB||'.'||TAB3.CC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
b目标数据库：
SQL> select tab1.aa||'_'||tab2.bb||'.'||tab3.cc from
  2   (select VALUE$ aa from sys.props$ where name='NLS_LANGUAGE')tab1,
  3   (select VALUE$ bb from sys.props$ where name='NLS_ISO_CURRENCY')tab2,
  4   (select VALUE$ cc from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET')tab3;

TAB1.AA||'_'||TAB2.BB||'.'||TAB3.CC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
原因：由于源和目标数据库的字符集不一致或不是子集和超集的关系，所以造成不能导入表空间的字符集。
解决方法：将源数据库和目标数据库的字符集调整为一致的字符集；或者源数据库的字符集是目标数据库的子集。
源数据库的修改：
SQL> alter database character set internal_use utf8;
alter database character set internal_use utf8
*
第1行出现错误:
ORA-12719:操作要求数据库处于RESTRICTED模式下

SQL> shutdown immediate;
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库。
Oracle例程已经关闭。

SQL> startup mount;
Oracle例程已启动

Total System Global Area  444596224 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219904 bytes
Variable Size             138412736 bytes
Database Buffers          301989888 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
数据库已装载

SQL>  alter system enable restricted session;
系统已更改

SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改

SQL> alter database character set internal_use utf8;
数据库已更改

SQL> shutdown immediate;
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库。
Oracle例程已经关闭。
SQL> startup mount;
Oracle例程已启动

Total System Global Area  444596224 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219904 bytes
Variable Size             138412736 bytes
Database Buffers          301989888 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
数据库已装载

SQL>  alter system disable restricted session;
系统已更改

SQL> alter database open; 
数据库已更改

SQL> select tab1.aa||'_'||tab2.bb||'.'||tab3.cc from
  2   (select VALUE$ aa from sys.props$ where name='NLS_LANGUAGE')tab1,
  3   (select VALUE$ bb from sys.props$ where name='NLS_ISO_CURRENCY')tab2,
  4   (select VALUE$ cc from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET')tab3;

TAB1.AA||'_'||TAB2.BB||'.'||TAB3.CC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
目标数据库修改：
SQL> alter database character set internal_use utf8;
alter database character set internal_use utf8
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12719: operation requires database is in RESTRICTED mode

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
Oracle instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;
Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area  444596224 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219904 bytes
Variable Size             138412736 bytes
Database Buffers          301989888 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.

SQL>  alter system enable restricted session;
System altered.

SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.

SQL> alter database character set internal_use utf8;
Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
Oracle instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;
Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area  444596224 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219904 bytes
Variable Size             138412736 bytes
Database Buffers          301989888 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.

SQL>  alter system disable restricted session;
System altered.

SQL> alter database open; 
Database altered.

SQL> select tab1.aa||'_'||tab2.bb||'.'||tab3.cc from
  2   (select VALUE$ aa from sys.props$ where name='NLS_LANGUAGE')tab1,
  3   (select VALUE$ bb from sys.props$ where name='NLS_ISO_CURRENCY')tab2,
  4   (select VALUE$ cc from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET')tab3;

TAB1.AA||'_'||TAB2.BB||'.'||TAB3.CC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
修改完成，再重新导出/导入一遍，即可成功。