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シンプルなドロップダウン メニュー機能を実装する 3 つの方法

零下一度
零下一度オリジナル
2017-05-15 09:28:061636ブラウズ

この記事では主に js、jq、css を紹介し、さまざまな面で簡単な ドロップダウン メニュー 機能を実装します。必要な方は、

レンダリング プレビューを参照してください

シンプルなドロップダウン メニュー機能を実装する 3 つの方法

1. CSS 実装

htmlコード部分

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>html+css下拉菜单</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" />
 </head>
 <body>
  <ul class="menu">
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >首页</a>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单一</a>
    <ul>
     <li>内容一</li>
     <li>内容一</li>
     <li>内容一</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单二</a>
    <ul>
     <li>内容二</li>
     <li>内容二</li>
     <li>内容二</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单三</a>
    <ul>
     <li>内容三</li>
     <li>内容三</li>
     <li>内容三</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单四</a>
   </li>
  </ul>
 </body>
</html>

css部分

*{
 padding: 0;
 margin: 0;
}
a{
 text-decoration: none;
 color: #000;
}
ul,li{
 list-style: none;
}
.menu{
 margin: 50px auto;
 width: 500px;
 height: 35px;
 background-color: #ccc;
 text-align: center;
 line-height: 35px;
}
.menu li{
 float: left;
 width: 20%;
 position: relative;
}
.menu li:hover ul{
 display: block;
}
.menu li a{
 display: block; 
}
.menu li a:hover{
 background-color: burlywood;
}
.menu li ul{
 display: none;
 position: absolute;
}
.menu li ul li{
 width: 100%;
 margin-top: 2px;
 background-color: darkgray;
}
.menu li ul li:hover{
 cursor: pointer;
 background-color: chartreuse;
}

その2、js実装

htmlとjs部分(実装方法1)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>JS下拉菜单</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" />
 </head>
 <body>
  <ul class="menu" id="menu">
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >首页</a>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单一</a>
    <ul>
     <li>内容一</li>
     <li>内容一</li>
     <li>内容一</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单二</a>
    <ul class="show">
     <li>内容二</li>
     <li>内容二</li>
     <li>内容二</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单三</a>
    <ul class="hide">
     <li>内容三</li>
     <li>内容三</li>
     <li>内容三</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单四</a>
   </li>
  </ul>
  <script type="text/javascript">    
   window.onload = function(){ 
    function $(id){
     return typeof id == "string"?document.getElementById(id):id; 
    }
    var menu_li = $("menu").getElementsByTagName("li");    
    for(var i = 0; i < menu_li.length; i++){
     menu_li[i].onmouseover = function(){
      var ss = this.getElementsByTagName("ul")[0];
      if(ss != undefined){
       ss.style.display = "block";
      }
     }
    }
    for(var j = 0; j < menu_li.length; j++){
     menu_li[j].onmouseout = function(){
      var ssa = this.getElementsByTagName("ul")[0];
      if(ssa != undefined){
       ssa.style.display = "none";
      }     
     }
    }    
   }         
  </script>
 </body>
</html>

htmlとjs部分(実装方法2)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
  <style>
   * {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
   }
   li {
    list-style: none;
    float: left;
   }
   #tabCon {
    clear: both;
   }
   #tabCon p {
    display: none;
   }
   #tabCon p.fp {
    display: block;
   }
  </style>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p id="tanContainer">
   <p id="tab">
    <ul>
     <li class="fli">标题一</li>
     <li>标题二</li>
     <li>标题三</li>
     <li>标题四</li>
    </ul>
   </p>
   <p id="tabCon">
    <p class="fp">内容一</p>
    <p>内容二</p>
    <p>内容三</p>
    <p>内容四</p>
   </p>
  </p>
 </body>
 <script>
  function $(id){
   return typeof id=="string"?document.getElementById(id):id;
  }
  var EventUtil = {
   addHandler: function(element, type, handler) {
    if(element.addEventListener) {
     element.addEventListener(type, handler, false);
    } else if(element.attachEvent) {
     element.attachEvent("on" + type + handler);
    } else {
     element["on" + type] = handler;
    }
   },
   removeHandler: function(element, type, handler) {
    if(element.removeEventListener) {
     element.removeEventListener(type, handler, false);
    } else if(element.detachEvent) {
     element.detachEvent("on" + type + handler);
    } else {
     element["on" + type] = null;
    }
   }
  }
  var tabs = $("tab").getElementsByTagName("li");
  var ps = $("tabCon").getElementsByTagName("p"); 
  for(var i = 0; i < tabs.length; i++) {
   var set = function() {
    change(this);
   }
   EventUtil.addHandler(tabs[i], "click", set);
   //tabs[i].onclick=function(){change(this);}
  }
  function change(obj) {
   console.log(obj);
   for(var i = 0; i < tabs.length; i++) {
    if(tabs[i] == obj) {console.log(tabs[i]);
//     tabs[i].style.display = "block";
     ps[i].style.display = "block";
    } else {
//     tabs[i].style.display = "none";
     ps[i].style.display = "none";
    }
   }
  }
 </script>
</html>

css部分

*{
 padding: 0;
 margin: 0;
}
a{
 text-decoration: none;
 color: #000;
}
ul,li{
 list-style: none;
}
.menu{
 margin: 50px auto;
 width: 500px;
 height: 35px;
 background-color: #ccc;
 text-align: center;
 line-height: 35px;
}
.menu li{
 float: left;
 width: 20%;
 position: relative;
}
.menu li a{
 display: block; 
}
.menu li a:hover{
 background-color: burlywood;
}
.menu li ul{
 display: none;
 position: absolute;
 left: 0;
}
.menu li ul li{
 width: 100%;
 margin-top: 2px;
 background-color: darkgray;
}
.menu li ul li:hover{
 cursor: pointer;
 background-color: chartreuse;
}

3、JQ

html と jq パートを実装します

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>JS下拉菜单</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" />
 </head>
 <body>
  <ul class="menu" id="menu">
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >首页</a>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单一</a>
    <ul>
     <li>内容一</li>
     <li>内容一</li>
     <li>内容一</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单二</a>
    <ul class="show">
     <li>内容二</li>
     <li>内容二</li>
     <li>内容二</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单三</a>
    <ul class="hide">
     <li>内容三</li>
     <li>内容三</li>
     <li>内容三</li>
    </ul>
   </li>
   <li>
    <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜单四</a>
   </li>
  </ul>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="../../jq/jquery-1.7.2.min.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">    
   $(function(){
    $(".menu li").hover(function(){
     $(this).children("ul").show();
    },function(){
     $(this).children("ul").hide();
    });
   });
  </script>
 </body>
</html>

css パート

*{
 padding: 0;
 margin: 0;
}
a{
 text-decoration: none;
 color: #000;
}
ul,li{
 list-style: none;
}
.menu{
 margin: 50px auto;
 width: 500px;
 height: 35px;
 background-color: #ccc;
 text-align: center;
 line-height: 35px;
}
.menu li{
 float: left;
 width: 20%;
 position: relative;
}
.menu li a{
 display: block; 
}
.menu li a:hover{
 background-color: burlywood;
}
.menu li ul{
 display: none;
 position: absolute;
 left: 0;
}
.menu li ul li{
 width: 100%;
 margin-top: 2px;
 background-color: darkgray;
}
.menu li ul li:hover{
 cursor: pointer;
 background-color: chartreuse;
}

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