ホームページ >バックエンド開発 >XML/RSS チュートリアル >xsl を柔軟に呼び出して XML ドキュメントを解析します (js 非同期)
1.新建一个vs2003的web工程,取名为xmlTest
2.将工程目录下的WebForm1.aspx中内容全部删除,只留下顶部的一条语句:
<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="XMLTest.WebForm1" %>
3.修改WebForm1.aspx.cs中内容,在Page_Load中加入:
以下是引用片段:
XmlDocument doc=new XmlDocument(); String xmlfile=string.Empty; xmlfile=Context.Request.PhysicalapplicationPath+(Request.QueryString["sel"].ToString()=="xml"?"\\hello.xml":"\\hello.xsl"); doc.Load(xmlfile); Response.Write(doc.InnerXml);
4.在工程根目录下新增test.htm,并设为工程首页:
以下是引用片段:
<html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <div id="resTree"></div> <FONT face="宋体"></FONT><input type="button" value="执行" onclick="GetXml()"><BR> <script language="JScript"> var srcTree,xsltTree,xt; var http_request = false; function GetXml() { srcTree = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument"); srcTree.async=false; xsltTree= new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument"); xsltTree.async = false; xt=new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.XSLTemplate"); resTree.innerHTML=""; makeRequest("WebForm1.aspx?sel=xml",GetXml_CB); } function makeRequest(url,callback) { http_request = false; if (window.xmlhttpRequest) { // Mozilla, Safari,... http_request = new XMLHttPRequest(); if (http_request.overrideMimeType) { http_request.overrideMimeType('text/xml'); } } else if (window.ActiveXObject) { // IE try { http_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e) { try { http_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e) {} } } if (!http_request) { alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance'); return false; } http_request.onreadystatechange = callback; http_request.open('GET', url, true); http_request.send(null); } function GetXml_CB() { if (http_request.readyState == 4) { if (http_request.status == 200) { srcTree.loadXML(http_request.responseText); makeRequest("WebForm1.aspx?sel=xsl",GetXsl_CB); } else { alert('There was a problem with the request.'); } } } function GetXsl_CB(){ if (http_request.readyState == 4) { if (http_request.status == 200) { xsltTree.loadXML(http_request.responseText); xt.stylesheet=xsltTree; var proc=xt.createProcessor(); proc.input=srcTree; proc.transform(); resTree.innerHTML=proc.output; } else { alert('There was a problem with the request.'); } } } function makeRequest(url,callback) { http_request = false; if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { // Mozilla, Safari,... http_request = new XMLHttpRequest(); if (http_request.overrideMimeType) { http_request.overrideMimeType('text/xml'); } } else if (window.ActiveXObject) { // IE try { http_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e) { try { http_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e) {} } } if (!http_request) { alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance'); return false; } http_request.onreadystatechange = callback; http_request.open('GET', url, true); http_request.send(null); } </script> </body> </html>
5.运行工程,看看效果吧!
hello.xml(注意:我的xml文档中并没有指定对应的xsl解析文件名)
以下是引用片段:
<?xml version='1.0'?> <breakfast-menu> <food> <name>Belgian Waffles</name> <price>$5.95</price> <description>Two of our famous Belgian Waffles with plenty of real maple syrup.</description> <calories>650</calories> </food> <food> <name>Strawberry Belgian Waffles</name> <price>$7.95</price> <description>Light Belgian waffles covered with strawberries and whipped cream.</description> <calories>900</calories> </food> <food> <name>Berry-Berry Belgian Waffles</name> <price>$8.95</price> <description>Light Belgian waffles covered with an assortment of fresh berries and whipped cream.</description> <calories>900</calories> </food> <food> <name>French Toast</name> <price>$4.50</price> <description>Thick slices made from our homemade sourdough bread.</description> <calories>600</calories> </food> <food> <name>Homestyle Breakfast</name> <price>$6.95</price> <description>Two eggs, bacon or sausage, toast, and our ever-popular hash browns.</description> <calories>950</calories> </food> </breakfast-menu>
hello.xsl
以下是引用片段:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:template match="/breakfast-menu"> <xsl:for-each select="food"> <DIV STYLE="background-color:teal; color:white; padding:4px"> <SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold; color:white"><xsl:value-of select="name"/></SPAN> 至 <xsl:value-of select="price"/> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:20px; margin-bottom:1em; font-size:10pt"> <xsl:value-of select="description"/> <SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic"> <xsl:value-of select="calories"/> 嘿嘿 </SPAN> </DIV> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
xml文档只有纯粹的数据,如果需要显示到html页面中的话,一般需要使用定制的xsl文档来解析,或者手工通过js来读取xml中的值显示到html中的dom树中,当使用xsl文档来解析时,相应的xml文档中必须指定对应的xsl文档才能正常显示,但当有些程序动态输出xml文档时,并没有指定相应的xsl文档,这时就必须通过其它途径来加载相应的xsl文档来解析,当然,在服务器端输出xml文档时,通过一些xml api也可以实现,我这儿描述的是通过js来实现的一种方式。用这种方式的话,就抛开了服务器平台的限制,服务器端只需要输出相应的xml文档(.net/j2ee都可以),并且将对应的xsl文档输出给客户端(可以输出流或直接在客户端加载xsl文档)。
这里有几个需要注意的地方,我们一般是使用Msxml2.Document组件来加载xml文档的,但当动态使用xsl解析xml文档时,必须使用Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument这种自由线程的组件,同时使用MSXML2.XSLTemplate模板组件来加载xml,xsl数据,通过MSXML2.XSLTemplate的transform方法,就可以动态的用xsl来解析xml数据了,另外,IE5开始,系统默认的xml组件是msxml2,如果需要使用更新的msxml组件需要安装更新的msxml组件包,并指定新的名称,例如Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument.4.0,现在最新的msxml组件是6.0beta,可在M$网站下载。
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