Nginxの完全な構成例

<code><span>#运行用户</span><span>user</span> nobody;
<span>#启动进程,通常设置成和cpu的数量相等</span><span>worker_processes</span><span>1</span>;

<span>#全局错误日志及PID文件</span><span>#error_log  logs/error.log;</span><span>#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;</span><span>#error_log  logs/error.log  info;</span><span>#pid        logs/nginx.pid;</span><span>#工作模式及连接数上限</span><span>events</span> {
    <span>#epoll是多路复用IO(I/O Multiplexing)中的一种方式,</span><span>#仅用于linux2.6以上内核,可以大大提高nginx的性能</span><span>use</span><span>epoll</span>; 

    <span>#单个后台worker process进程的最大并发链接数    </span><span>worker_connections</span><span>1024</span>;

    <span># 并发总数是 worker_processes 和 worker_connections 的乘积</span><span># 即 max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections</span><span># 在设置了反向代理的情况下，max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections / 4  为什么</span><span># 为什么上面反向代理要除以4，应该说是一个经验值</span><span># 根据以上条件，正常情况下的Nginx Server可以应付的最大连接数为：4 * 8000 = 32000</span><span># worker_connections 值的设置跟物理内存大小有关</span><span># 因为并发受IO约束，max_clients的值须小于系统可以打开的最大文件数</span><span># 而系统可以打开的最大文件数和内存大小成正比，一般1GB内存的机器上可以打开的文件数大约是10万左右</span><span># 我们来看看360M内存的VPS可以打开的文件句柄数是多少：</span><span># $ cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max</span><span># 输出 34336</span><span># 32000 < 34336，即并发连接总数小于系统可以打开的文件句柄总数，这样就在操作系统可以承受的范围之内</span><span># 所以，worker_connections 的值需根据 worker_processes 进程数目和系统可以打开的最大文件总数进行适当地进行设置</span><span># 使得并发总数小于操作系统可以打开的最大文件数目</span><span># 其实质也就是根据主机的物理CPU和内存进行配置</span><span># 当然，理论上的并发总数可能会和实际有所偏差，因为主机还有其他的工作进程需要消耗系统资源。</span><span># ulimit -SHn 65535</span>}


<span>http</span> {
    <span>#设定mime类型,类型由mime.type文件定义</span><span>include</span>    mime.types;
    <span>default_type</span>  application/octet-stream;
    <span>#设定日志格式</span><span>log_format</span>  main  <span>'<span>$remote_addr</span> - <span>$remote_user</span> [<span>$time_local</span>] "<span>$request</span>" '</span><span>'<span>$status</span><span>$body_bytes_sent</span> "<span>$http_referer</span>" '</span><span>'"<span>$http_user_agent</span>" "<span>$http_x_forwarded_for</span>"'</span>;

    <span>access_log</span>  logs/access.log  main;

    <span>#sendfile 指令指定 nginx 是否调用 sendfile 函数（zero copy 方式）来输出文件，</span><span>#对于普通应用，必须设为 on,</span><span>#如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘IO重负载应用，可设置为 off，</span><span>#以平衡磁盘与网络I/O处理速度，降低系统的uptime.</span><span>sendfile</span><span>on</span>;
    <span>#tcp_nopush     on;</span><span>#连接超时时间</span><span>#keepalive_timeout  0;</span><span>keepalive_timeout</span><span>65</span>;
    <span>tcp_nodelay</span><span>on</span>;

    <span>#开启gzip压缩</span><span>gzip</span><span>on</span>;
    <span>gzip_disable</span><span>"MSIE [1-6]."</span>;

    <span>#设定请求缓冲</span><span>client_header_buffer_size</span><span>128k</span>;
    <span>large_client_header_buffers</span><span>4</span><span>128k</span>;


    <span>#设定虚拟主机配置</span><span>server</span> {
        <span>#侦听80端口</span><span>listen</span><span>80</span>;
        <span>#定义使用 www.nginx.cn访问</span><span>server_name</span>  www.nginx.cn;

        <span>#定义服务器的默认网站根目录位置</span><span>root</span> html;

        <span>#设定本虚拟主机的访问日志</span><span>access_log</span>  logs/nginx.access.log  main;

        <span>#默认请求</span><span>location</span> / {

            <span>#定义首页索引文件的名称</span><span>index</span> index.php index.html index.htm;   

        }

        <span># 定义错误提示页面</span><span>error_page</span><span>500</span><span>502</span><span>503</span><span>504</span> /50x.html;
        <span>location</span> = /50x.html {
        }

        <span>#静态文件，nginx自己处理</span><span>location</span><span>~ ^/(images|javascript|js|css|flash|media|static)/</span> {

            <span>#过期30天，静态文件不怎么更新，过期可以设大一点，</span><span>#如果频繁更新，则可以设置得小一点。</span><span>expires</span><span>30d</span>;
        }

        <span>#PHP 脚本请求全部转发到 FastCGI处理. 使用FastCGI默认配置.</span><span>location</span><span>~ .php$</span> {
            <span>fastcgi_pass</span><span>127.0.0.1:9000</span>;
            <span>fastcgi_index</span> index.php;
            <span>fastcgi_param</span>  SCRIPT_FILENAME  <span>$document_root</span><span>$fastcgi_script_name</span>;
            <span>include</span> fastcgi_params;
        }

        <span>#禁止访问 .htxxx 文件</span><span>location</span><span>~ /.ht</span> {
            <span>deny</span> all;
        }

    }
}</code>

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上記では、あらゆる側面を含む Nginx の完全な構成例を紹介しています。PHP チュートリアルに興味のある友人に役立つことを願っています。