<?php //注:正则 /a.+?e/ 是非贪婪模式(因为量词‘+’后面加上了‘?’),如果使用 /a.+?e/U 则变回了贪婪模式 preg_match("/a.+?e/","abcdefgabcdefgabcdefg",$out1); preg_match_all("/a.+?e/","abcdefgabcdefgabcdefg",$out2); var_dump($out1); var_dump($out2); /* 输出: array (size=1) 0 => string 'abcde' (length=5) array (size=1) 0 => array (size=3) 0 => string 'abcde' (length=5) 1 => string 'abcde' (length=5) 2 => string 'abcde' (length=5) */ ?>2. 貪欲モードと非貪欲モードの違い
<?php $str = "http://www.baidu/.com?url=www.sina.com/"; preg_match("/http:(.*)com/", $str, $matches1); //贪婪匹配 var_dump($matches1); preg_match("/http:(.*?)com/", $str, $matches2); //非贪婪匹配(量词'*'后面跟上了'?') var_dump($matches2); /* array (size=2) 0 => string 'http://www.baidu/.com?url=www.sina.com' (length=38) 1 => string '//www.baidu/.com?url=www.sina.' (length=30) array (size=2) 0 => string 'http://www.baidu/.com' (length=21) 1 => string '//www.baidu/.' (length=13) */ ?>3. preg_match_all パラメータ PREG_PATTERN_ORDER (デフォルト) と PREG_SET_ORDER の違い
<?php echo('PREG_PATTERN_ORDER'); preg_match_all("<[^>]+>(.*)</[^>]+>U", "<b>start: </b><b>this is a test</b><b>end</b>", $out1); var_dump($out1); echo('PREG_SET_ORDER'); preg_match_all("<[^>]+>(.*)</[^>]+>U", "<b>start: </b><b>this is a test</b><b>end</b>", $out2, PREG_SET_ORDER); var_dump($out2); /* PREG_PATTERN_ORDER array (size=2) 0 => array (size=3) 0 => string '<b>start: </b>' (length=14) 1 => string '<b>this is a test</b>' (length=21) 2 => string '<b>end</b>' (length=10) 1 => array (size=3) 0 => string 'start: ' (length=7) 1 => string 'this is a test' (length=14) 2 => string 'end' (length=3) PREG_SET_ORDER array (size=3) 0 => array (size=2) 0 => string '<b>start: </b>' (length=14) 1 => string 'start: ' (length=7) 1 => array (size=2) 0 => string '<b>this is a test</b>' (length=21) 1 => string 'this is a test' (length=14) 2 => array (size=2) 0 => string '<b>end</b>' (length=10) 1 => string 'end' (length=3) */ ?>