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PHPの基本構文(4)
配列は、同時に複数の値を保持できる特別な変数です。
配列は 1 つの変数名に多くの値を格納でき、添え字を参照することで値にアクセスできます。
<code class=" hljs php"><span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Google"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Apple"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Microsoft"</span>);print_r(<span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>);</code>
または
<code class=" hljs bash"><span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>]=<span class="hljs-string">"Google"</span>;<span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>]=<span class="hljs-string">"Apple"</span>;<span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>[<span class="hljs-number">2</span>]=<span class="hljs-string">"Microsoft"</span>;print_r(<span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>);</code>
を作成します。 実行結果: Array ( [0] => Google [1] => Apple [2] => Microsoft )
<code class=" hljs php"><span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Peter"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"20"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Bill"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"19"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Ken"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"21"</span>);print_r(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>);</code>または
<code class=" hljs bash"><span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>[<span class="hljs-string">"Peter"</span>]=<span class="hljs-string">"20"</span>;<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>[<span class="hljs-string">'Bill'</span>]=<span class="hljs-string">"19"</span>;<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>[<span class="hljs-string">"Ken"</span>]=<span class="hljs-string">"21"</span>;print_r(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>);</code>演算結果:
Array ( [Peter] => 20 [Bill] => 19 [Ken] => 21 )
<code class=" hljs php"><span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Google"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Apple"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Microsoft"</span>);<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Peter"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"20"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Bill"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"19"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Ken"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"21"</span>);<span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span> count(<span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>).<span class="hljs-string">"<br />"</span>;<span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span> count(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>);</code>の長さを取得します。結果:
3 <br>3
3 <br>3
<code class=" hljs php"><span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Google"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Apple"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Microsoft"</span>);<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(<span class="hljs-variable">$i</span>=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;<span class="hljs-variable">$i</span><count(<span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>);<span class="hljs-variable">$i</span>++){ <span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$its</span>[<span class="hljs-variable">$i</span>].<span class="hljs-string">"<br />"</span>;}</code>演算結果:
Google <br>Apple <code>Google <br>Apple <br>Microsoft
Microsoft
<code class=" hljs php"><span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Peter"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"20"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Bill"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"19"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Ken"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"21"</span>);<span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span>(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$value</span>){<span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$value</span>.<span class="hljs-string">"<>"</span>;}</code>実行結果:
20 <br>19 <code>20 <br>19 <br>21
21
sort( ) - 配列を昇順に並べ替えます 配列の並べ替え
rsort() - 配列を降順に並べ替えます
asort() - 値に基づいて連想配列を昇順に並べ替えます
ksort() - 連想配列を並べ替えますキーに基づいて昇順で配列
arsort() - 値に基づいて降順で連想配列を並べ替えます
krsort() - キーに基づいて降順で連想配列を並べ替えます
それらをどのように覚えたらいいでしょうか?
r——-reduce、reduce
a——-value, value (あるかどうかはわかりませんが、このように覚えましょう)
k——-key 、キー
<code class=" hljs php"><span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>=<span class="hljs-keyword">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Peter"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"20"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Bill"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"19"</span>,<span class="hljs-string">"Ken"</span>=><span class="hljs-string">"21"</span>);<span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span>(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$value</span>){<span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$value</span>.<span class="hljs-string">"<br />"</span>;}arsort(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span>);<span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span>(<span class="hljs-variable">$age</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$value</span>){<span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$value</span>.<span class="hljs-string">"<br />"</span>;}</code>
実行結果: 20 <code>20 <br>19 <br>21 <br>21 <br>20 <br>19
19
19