カスタム条件に基づいて辞書を効率的に整理するにはどうすればよいでしょうか?

Pruning a Dictionary Based on a Custom Condition

When working with dictionaries, it is often useful to refine their contents based on specified criteria. Suppose you have a dictionary of points represented as tuples, and you're interested in extracting only points where both the x and y coordinates are less than 5.

Traditionally, one approach involves iterating over the dictionary items using a list comprehension:

points_small = {}
for item in [i for i in points.items() if i[1][0] < 5 and i[1][1] < 5]:
    points_small[item[0]] = item[1]

While this method is functional, there is a more succinct solution using a dictionary comprehension:

points_small = {k: v for k, v in points.items() if v[0] < 5 and v[1] < 5}

This concise expression generates a new dictionary where keys and values satisfy the specified condition. Similarly, in Python 2.7 and above, the following syntax can be used:

points_small = {k: v for k, v in points.iteritems() if v[0] < 5 and v[1] < 5}

By employing dictionary comprehensions, you gain an elegant and efficient means to filter dictionaries based on arbitrary conditions, providing a more streamlined approach to data manipulation.

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