mysql二进制非root用户安装后启动mysqld的路径不对的问题_MySQL

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mysql二进制非root用户安装后启动mysqld的路径不对的问题 一、非root用户安装二进制mysql分发版 创建用户   >useradd fc   >passwd fc enter password:...以fc登录，上传二进制mysql版本，我的是mysql 32位的mysql-5.1.57-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz 解压后，创建权限表 ]$ scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/home/fc/app/mysql  --datadir=/home/fc/app/mysql/data/3307 --user=fc   (注意：后面的参数一定要指定 ，另外最好是 scripts/mysql_install_db 这样一起运行，官方文档也是这样，免得出错，后面就有这个原因导致启动出错的) 权限表也初始化完了，然后就是指定配置文件my.cnf  我放在$HOME目录下：
 [python] # Example MySQL config file for medium systems.  #      # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays  # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with  # other programs (such as a web server)  #  # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  # locations which depend on the deployment platform.  # You can copy this option file to one of those  # locations. For information about these locations, see:  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  #  # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  # with the "--help" option.    # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  [client]  #password   = your_password  port        = 3307  socket      = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock    # Here follows entries for some specific programs       # The MySQL server  [mysqld]  character-set-server = utf8  port        = 3307  socket      = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock  skip-external-locking  basedir = /home/fc/app/mysql  datadir = /home/fc/app/mysql/data/3307/  log-error = /home/fc/log/3307/mysqld.err  pid-file = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.pid  key_buffer_size = 16M  max_allowed_packet = 1M  table_open_cache = 64  sort_buffer_size = 512K  net_buffer_length = 8K  read_buffer_size = 256K  read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K  myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M  max_connections=200    slow_query_log = 1                                     #{0|1  off|on}  slow_query_log_file = /home/fc/log/3307/mysql-slow.log  long_query_time=1    #不经常更新的表查询，缓存查询  query_cache_type = 1  query_cache_size = 10M    general_log = 0  general_log_file = /home/fc/log/3307/mysql.log       query_cache_size = 8M    #skip-networking  skip-name-resolve  skip-innodb-checksums     # Replication Master Server (default)  # binary logging is required for replication  log-bin=/home/fc/log/3307/mysql-bin    # binary logging format - mixed recommended  binlog_format=mixed  binlog_cache_size = 1M  max_binlog_cache_size = 4096M  expire-logs-days = 8  sync_binlog=20    # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  innodb_data_home_dir = /home/fc/data/3307/  innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  innodb_log_group_home_dir = /home/fc/data/3307/  innodb_buffer_pool_size = 800M  sort_buffer_size = 5M  tmp_table_size = 64M  innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 32M  innodb_autoextend_increment = 64  # 默认单位为 MB       innodb_thread_concurrency = 8  innodb_log_file_size = 200M  innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  default-storage-engine=innodb  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1    # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  #innodb_log_file_size = 5M  #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1  #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50    innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2    [mysqldump]  quick  max_allowed_packet = 16M    [mysqld_safe]  log-error=/home/fc/app/mysql/log/3307/mysqld.log  pid-file=/home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.pid    [mysql]  no-auto-rehash  port            = 3307  socket          = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock  # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  #safe-updates    [myisamchk]  key_buffer_size = 20M  sort_buffer_size = 20M  read_buffer = 2M  write_buffer = 2M       [mysqlhotcopy]  interactive-timeout   好了，一切都准备好了，可以启动了二、启动mysqld进程进入basedir目录fc/app/mysqlmysql]$ cd binbin]$ mysqld_safe --defaults-file=~/my.cnf &启动成功了，查看进程 ps -ef | grep mysqld 发现问题了[plain] fc    7780  7582 24 16:42 pts/10   00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=~/my.cnf --basedir=/home/fc/app/mysql --datadir=/home/fc/app/mysql/data/3307/ --log-error=/home/fc/app/mysql/log/3307/mysqld.log --pid-file=/home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.pid --socket=/home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock --port=3307   发现没有，虽然进入的fc/app/mysql/bin目录下启动的mysqld程序，但是查找进程时候却是运行的/usr/lcoal/mysql下的mysqld，这是为什么呢？查找了很久的参数，都发现没有配置错误，始终不得其解，如是换了种启动方式：进入base目录fc/app/mysql mysql]$ bin/msyqld_safe --defaults-file=~/my.cnf &这样启动后再查找mysqld进程，一切就正常了，这是为什么呢？ 我自己想的原因可能是：mysqld_safe本身就是mysqld的守护进程，它本身也是一个shell脚本，在脚本中，默认的basedir就是：usr/local/mysql，我们在启动mysqld的时候如果进入了bin目录，则在这个守护进程中是找不到该目录的，如是就去自动匹配/usr/local/mysql/这个目录，刚好我也在这个目录之前装过mysql，于是系统就自动匹配了这个mysqld程序，运行起来了。 我们查看下mysqld_safe的一段shell代码：[python] MY_PWD=`pwd`  # Check for the directories we would expect from a binary release install  if test -n "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION" -a -d "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION"  then    # BASEDIR is already overridden on command line.  Do not re-set.       # Use BASEDIR to discover le.    if test -x "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/libexec/mysqld"    then      ledir="$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/libexec"    elif test -x "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/sbin/mysqld"    then      ledir="$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/sbin"    else      ledir="$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/bin"    fi      elif test -f "$relpkgdata"/english/errmsg.sys -a -x "$MY_PWD/bin/mysqld"  then    MY_BASEDIR_VERSION="$MY_PWD"          # Where bin, share and data are    ledir="$MY_PWD/bin"                   # Where mysqld is  # Check for the directories we would expect from a source install  elif test -f "$relpkgdata"/english/errmsg.sys -a -x "$MY_PWD/libexec/mysqld"  then    MY_BASEDIR_VERSION="$MY_PWD"          # Where libexec, share and var are    ledir="$MY_PWD/libexec"               # Where mysqld is  elif test -f "$relpkgdata"/english/errmsg.sys -a -x "$MY_PWD/sbin/mysqld"  then    MY_BASEDIR_VERSION="$MY_PWD"          # Where sbin, share and var are    ledir="$MY_PWD/sbin"                  # Where mysqld is  # Since we didn't find anything, used the compiled-in defaults  else    MY_BASEDIR_VERSION='/usr/local/mysql'    ledir='/usr/local/mysql/bin'  fi  如果我们进入了bin目录：ledir 跑到 elseMY_BASEDIR_VERSION='/usr/local/mysql'ledir='/usr/local/mysql/bin'正常的情况下应该是："$MY_PWD/bin/mysqld" 问题是没有cd到 mysql basedir 的情况下，mysql会从/usr/loca/mysql/bin/mysqld启动   PS：附连接的问题 由于我们启动是按照socket启动的，所以我们在连接时候如果使用的是localhost或者缺省的状态去连接mysql，则我们连接必须使用指定的socket全路径去连接。不然系统会默认的去寻找/tmp/mysql.socket这个，找不到则报错；当然我们还可以使用-h 127.0.0.1 的方式来连接，这样就不需要指定 -S socket路径了； mysql连接的方式有2种，一种是通过socket，一种是通过tcp/ip连接[plain] 

 

 

 

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