Maison > Article > base de données > RedHat下安装MySQL 5.5 安装、维护_MySQL
Redhat
准备环境:
RedHat 5系统、MySQL 5.6 rpm包
首先 上传mysql至服务器
1、 解压缩MySql
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.tar
MySQL-client-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
2、 安装MySQL-server包
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
error:Failed dependencies:
MySQL conflicts with mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386
MySQL-serverconflicts with mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386
(安装失败,由于系统先前安装有mysql,把它卸载掉!再安装)
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# rpm -e mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386 --nodeps
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# rpm -e mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386 –nodeps
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ###########################################[100%]
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]
3、 启动mysql并设置登录密码
[root@www.linuxidc.com]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
StartingMySQL......[ OK ]
[root@shiyue5 u01]# mysqladmin -u rootpassword "123456"
4、 登录mysql并创建数据库
[root@shiyue5~]# mysql -u root -p
Enterpassword:
Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or /g.
YourMySQL connection id is 5
Serverversion: 5.6.2-m5 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright(c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracleis a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates.Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>create database shiyue;
QueryOK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
5、 配置客户端连接
mysql>use mysql;
Readingtable information for completion of table and column names
Youcan turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>grant all on *.* to root@"%" identified by "123456";
QueryOK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
通过对1042问题代码的查询,得出编辑/etc/my.cnf文件,在[mysqld]内添加一行skip-name-resolve
在/etc/目录下如没有my.cnf配置文件,则请到/usr/share/mysql/下找到*.cnf文件,拷贝其中的一个到/etc/并改名为my.cnf
[root@shiyue5~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@shiyue5~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
#Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# Thisis for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# animportant part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
#other programs (such as a web server)
#
#MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
#locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# Youcan copy this option file to one of those
#locations. For information about these locations, see:
#http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# Inthis file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# Ifyou want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# withthe "--help" option.
# Thefollowing options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Herefollows entries for some specific programs
# TheMySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size= 16M
max_allowed_packet= 1M
table_open_cache= 64
sort_buffer_size= 512K
net_buffer_length= 8K
read_buffer_size= 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size= 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size= 8M
skip-name-resolve
#Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# ifall processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# Allinteraction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
"/etc/my.cnf"145L, 4700C written
6、 重启mysql
[root@shiyue5~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shuttingdown MySQL...[ OK ]
Starting MySQL...[ OK ]
7.防火墙设置
当我们试图远程连接时,可能出现“Host XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server”拒绝的连接的提示,这是没有设置防火墙的问题,增加3306端口的权限,实例如下:
#vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
增加一行3306的权限,修改后如下:
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
保存退出
#service iptables restart
重新启动,使生效
8、 mysql数据库的日常维护管理
mysql>show databases;(显示数据库)
+--------------------+
|Database |
+--------------------+
|information_schema |
|mysql |
|performance_schema |
|shiyue |
|test |
+--------------------+