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Comment installer MySQL hors ligne sur Centos
- 藏色散人original
- 2023-02-15 09:56:263763parcourir
Comment installer mysql hors ligne dans centos : 1. Téléchargez toutes les dépendances de la bibliothèque sur Linux et installez-la avec la commande yum ; 2. Décompressez MySQL et copiez le fichier dans le répertoire que vous souhaitez installer 3. Modifiez le my ; Fichier de configuration .cnf ; 4. Copiez le script de démarrage dans le répertoire des ressources et modifiez le script de démarrage ; 5. Ajoutez le service mysqld au service système ; 6. Configurez le client mysql sur la variable d'environnement et faites en sorte que la configuration prenne effet.
L'environnement d'exploitation de ce tutoriel : système centOS 7, MySQL version 5.6, ordinateur Dell G3.
Comment installer MySQL hors ligne dans Centos ?
Installation hors ligne centOS 7 de MySQL 5.6
Préparez l'environnement
1. CentOS 7 hors ligne (installation minimale de centOS 7 ici)
2. glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz a été placé dans le lien ci-dessous, veuillez le télécharger vous-même ou allez sur le site officiel pour télécharger la dernière version)
3. Package de dépendances nginx (actuellement placé dans le répertoire lib, vous pouvez. téléchargez-le vous-même)
Actuellement, tous les packages et dépendances requis pour l'installation peuvent être téléchargés en fonction du logiciel correspondant à l'adresse suivante
https://gitee.com/livekeys/linux-offline-installation-software
1 Désinstallez mariadb
Vérifiez s'il y a mariadb avant, supprimez-le s'il y en a. , et supprimez le fichier de configuration précédent /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb* mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs --nodeps [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb* [root@localhost ~]# rm -f /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost ~]#
2. Installez les dépendances
Téléchargez toutes les dépendances de la bibliothèque sur Linux et installez-les avec les commandes
[root@localhost lib]# yum -y localinstall *.rpm
3. Installez MySQL 5.6
1. Décompressez et copiez le fichier Allez dans le répertoire que vous souhaitez installer (ici, j'utilise /opt/mysql comme répertoire d'installation)
[root@localhost mysql_install]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost mysql_install]# ls lib mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost mysql_install]# cp -R mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql [root@localhost mysql_install]# cd /opt/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# ls bin data docs include lib LICENSE man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files
2 Créez un nouveau groupe mysql et un nouvel utilisateur mysql, et remplacez le répertoire mysql par le groupe d'utilisateurs mysql.
[root@localhost mysql]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost mysql]# useradd -g mysql mysql [root@localhost mysql]# cd .. [root@localhost opt]# ls mysql [root@localhost opt]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql [root@localhost opt]# ll total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 13 mysql mysql 191 Mar 23 01:42 mysql [root@localhost opt]# cd mysql [root@localhost mysql]# ll total 224 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 bin drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 18 Mar 23 01:42 data drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 55 Mar 23 01:42 docs drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 include drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 lib -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 200256 Mar 23 01:42 LICENSE drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 30 Mar 23 01:42 man drwxr-xr-x. 10 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 mysql-test -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 566 Mar 23 01:42 README drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 30 Mar 23 01:42 scripts drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 share drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 136 Mar 23 01:42 support-files
3. Créez un nouveau /var/ Le répertoire lib/mysql est utilisé pour stocker mysq.sock (vous pouvez également créer d'autres répertoires), et changez le groupe du répertoire en myql
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# ls -al /var/lib/mysql total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Mar 23 01:51 . drwxr-xr-x. 26 root root 4096 Mar 23 01:51 ..
4 Entrez dans l'installation mysql. répertoire et initialisez mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data Installing MySQL system tables...2022-03-23 01:53:51 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2022-03-23 01:53:51 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 0 [Note] /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.51) starting as process 13346 ... 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created! 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.51 started; log sequence number 0 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] Binlog end 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977 OK Filling help tables...2022-03-23 01:53:53 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2022-03-23 01:53:53 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 0 [Note] /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.51) starting as process 13368 ... 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.51 started; log sequence number 1625977 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] Binlog end 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2022-03-23 01:53:55 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987 OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /opt/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd . ; /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com New default config file was created as /opt/mysql/my.cnf and will be used by default by the server when you start it. You may edit this file to change server settings
4. Copiez et modifiez la configuration Le contenu du fichier de configuration
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf est le suivant : (Modifiez les autres configurations en fonction de vos propres besoins ici)
Notez ce qui suit points :
-
socketÉcrivez notre troisième étape ci-dessus Le répertoire nouvellement créé -
basedir为 mysql 安装目录 -
datadir为数据目录（这里是 mysql 安装目录下的 data 目录）
socket 写上面我们第三步新建的那个目录[mysql] # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 default-character-set=utf8 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] skip-name-resolve #设置 13306 端口 port = 13306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=/opt/mysql # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录 datadir=/opt/mysql/data # 允许最大连接数 max_connections=200 # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_name=1 max_allowed_packet=16M
5、复制启动脚本到资源目录
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
6、修改启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
注：因为，我没有将 mysql 安装在 /usr/local/mysql 目录下，所以在启动文件里需要修改以下两个值
basedir=/opt/mysql datadir=/opt/mysql/data
7、将 mysqld 服务加入到系统服务里面
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'. To see services enabled on particular target use 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
8、使用命令 systemctl 启动 mysql 服务（Active 状态为 active (running) 即为启动成功）
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysql [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysql ● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-03-23 02:11:17 EDT; 5s ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Process: 13452 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service ├─13463 /bin/sh /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/lo... └─13688 /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mys... Mar 23 02:11:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL... Mar 23 02:11:16 localhost.localdomain mysqld[13452]: Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql/data/localhost....r'. Mar 23 02:11:17 localhost.localdomain mysqld[13452]: SUCCESS! Mar 23 02:11:17 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
9、将 mysql 客户端配置到环境变量中，并使配置生效
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile # 在末尾增加以下两行 export MYSQL_HOME=/opt/mysql export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH [root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile
10、测试是否能连接 mysql
注：第一次登录不需要密码，直接回车就行
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
11、配置 root 账号的密码为 P@ssw0rdbasedir est le répertoire d'installation de mysql
datadir est le répertoire de données (voici le répertoire de données sous le répertoire d'installation de mysql) li>mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('P@ssw0rd') where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
5 Copiez le script de démarrage dans le répertoire de ressources
mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'P@ssw0rd' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
6. script
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysql [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
Remarque : parce que je n'ai pas installé mysql dans le répertoire /usr/local/mysql, donc dans le fichier de démarrage, les deux valeurs suivantes doivent être modifiéesrrreee7 Ajoutez le service mysqld au service système.
rrreee8. Utilisez la commande systemctl pour démarrer le service mysql (le statut actif est actif (en cours d'exécution), ce qui signifie que le démarrage est réussi)Remarque : 🎜Aucun mot de passe n'est requis pour la première connexion, appuyez simplement sur Entrée🎜rrreee🎜11 Configurationrrreee
9. Configurez le client mysql dans la variable d'environnement et faites prendre effet à la configuration
Le mot de passe du compte root est <. code>P@ssw0rd🎜rrreee🎜12. Configurez la connexion à l'hôte distant🎜rrreee🎜13. Redémarrez le service mysqld et testez la connexion🎜rrreee🎜🎜À ce stade, l'installation de mysql 5.6 est terminée🎜🎜🎜🎜Si il y a des erreurs, veuillez laisser un message pour les corriger, merci ! 🎜🎜Apprentissage recommandé : "🎜Tutoriel vidéo MySQL🎜"🎜🎜Ce qui précède est le contenu détaillé de. pour plus d'informations, suivez d'autres articles connexes sur le site Web de PHP en chinois!
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