Maison > Article > développement back-end > Comparaison entre le mode de synchronisation Swoole et le mode coroutine (détails)
Le contenu de cet article concerne la comparaison entre le mode de synchronisation Swoole et le mode coroutine (détails). Il a une certaine valeur de référence. Les amis dans le besoin peuvent s'y référer.
Dans le développement PHP avancé moderne, Swoole apporte plus de possibilités à PHP, telles que : la mémoire résidente, les coroutines et l'énorme différence entre le mode Apache/FPM traditionnel et le mode mémoire résidente (synchronisation), j'ai fait tests avant, et tout le monde peut ressentir intuitivement l'énorme amélioration des performances, mais quelle amélioration des performances a été apportée après l'arrivée de la coroutine ? Quels aspects de la performance sont améliorés ? Testons-le étape par étape.
Articles de test sur le mode Apache/FPM traditionnel et le mode mémoire résidente (synchronisation) :
Test comparatif complet des performances de concurrence MixPHP
Comparaison entre le mode coroutine et le mode mémoire résident (synchrone)/mode traditionnel :
Le mode résident/mode traditionnel sont tous deux une programmation de blocage synchrone, car le même processus Les requêtes ne peuvent pas être traitées dans en parallèle, donc afin d'améliorer la concurrence, plus de processus ne peuvent être ouverts, généralement plus de 100
ou même plus. Chaque processus a une consommation de mémoire de base, ce qui représente beaucoup et est limitée par le processus Linux total. À la limite du nombre, le nombre total de concurrence ne peut pas être dépassé. Avec un grand nombre de processus, le CPU a besoin de plus de commutation de threads, ce qui gaspille bien sûr beaucoup de performances par rapport au mode FPM traditionnel, qui doit démarrer. à partir de zéro à chaque fois, le mode résident est toujours bien meilleur, mais les coroutines sont évidemment meilleures.
Méthode d'exécution du mode coroutine :
En mode coroutine, un processus peut exécuter N requêtes en même temps, mais une seule d'entre elles sera exécutée en même temps C'est-à-dire que lors de l'exécution sur des clients tels que MySQL/Redis, en raison de la nécessité d'attendre la réponse du client, le mode résident/mode traditionnel attend généralement bêtement la réponse, et la coroutine suspendra la coroutine actuelle. à ce moment-là et passer à D'autres requêtes sont traitées dans d'autres coroutines, de sorte que la coroutine peut gérer N requêtes en même temps. Chaque requête supplémentaire n'a besoin que d'augmenter une certaine consommation de mémoire. Par rapport à l'augmentation de la consommation de mémoire d'un processus, c'est évidemment le cas. beaucoup moins, car la coroutine peut effectuer un traitement parallèle, vous n'avez donc généralement besoin de configurer qu'un nombre de processus qui est environ 1 à 2 fois le nombre de processeurs. Moins de processus entraînent moins de commutation de threads de processeur et réduisent beaucoup de pertes de performances.
MixPHP est un framework PHP hautes performances basé sur les modes FPM, mémoire résidente et coroutine à trois modes de Swoole. Étant donné que le framework dispose à la fois d'un mode mémoire résident et d'un mode coroutine, il. peut être facilement des résultats de test pratiques.
Environnement de test :
conteneur docker, limité à 1 CPU.
Les autres paramètres sont les suivants :
Server Name: mix-httpd Framework Version: 1.1.0-RC PHP Version: 7.2.9 Swoole Version: 4.1.0 Listen Addr: 127.0.0.1 Listen Port: 9501
Code :
Simulez les exigences de développement HTTP courantes et exécutez trois requêtes SQL.
// 默认动作 public function actionIndex() { PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 1")->queryOne(); PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 2")->queryOne(); return PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` limit 5")->queryAll(); }
Mode mémoire résident (synchrone) :
进程数 | 并发数 | RPS |
---|---|---|
8 | 100 | 838.65 |
8 | 300 | 683.78 |
8 | 500 | 688.56 |
50 | 100 | 770.69 |
50 | 300 | 304.90 |
50 | 300 | 378.95 |
Mode coroutine :
进程数 | 并发数 | RPS |
---|---|---|
8 | 100 | 834.12 |
8 | 300 | 837.50 |
8 | 500 | 824.14 |
协程在本次测试中并没有像之前的传统 Apache/FPM 模式与常驻内存模式(同步)的测试一样展现出巨大的性能提升,说明:
在少量能快速响应的 SQL 请求中,协程的提升并不明显,应该要在响应时间更大时,才能感受到协程优势。
常驻内存模式的进程数配置过多,并发性能反而会降低,该问题同样适用于传统 Apache/FPM 模式。
首先 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 100 测试,RPS 为 838.65。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 11.924 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 838.65 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 119.239 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.192 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 217.85 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 4 Processing: 20 118 18.3 118 195 Waiting: 19 118 18.4 118 195 Total: 20 118 18.4 119 195 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 119 66% 126 75% 130 80% 133 90% 141 95% 147 98% 155 99% 161 100% 195 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 300 测试,RPS 为 683.78。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 300 Time taken for tests: 14.624 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 683.78 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 438.735 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.462 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 177.62 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 30.0 0 3000 Processing: 62 432 493.4 354 3457 Waiting: 54 431 488.1 354 3455 Total: 62 433 494.1 354 3457 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 354 66% 373 75% 385 80% 392 90% 411 95% 432 98% 3170 99% 3266 100% 3457 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 500 测试,RPS 为 688.56。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 500 Time taken for tests: 14.523 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 688.56 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 726.150 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.452 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 178.87 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 30.0 0 3000 Processing: 102 707 618.4 596 3632 Waiting: 89 703 605.6 595 3629 Total: 102 707 618.9 596 3633 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 596 66% 620 75% 635 80% 645 90% 679 95% 3125 98% 3401 99% 3495 100% 3633 (longest request)
现在调整为 50 进程,100 并发测试,RPS 为 770.69。
进程的增加并没有带来并发量的提升。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 12.975 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 770.69 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 129.754 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.298 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 200.20 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 42.4 0 3000 Processing: 10 128 499.8 56 7137 Waiting: 10 127 495.8 55 7137 Total: 11 129 503.3 56 7137 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 56 66% 72 75% 86 80% 97 90% 133 95% 179 98% 312 99% 3052 100% 7137 (longest request)
50 进程,300 并发测试,RPS 为 304.90。
对比 8 个进程时的结果,并发量降低非常明显,看来进程数过多并不能提升性能,反而会降低性能。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 300 Time taken for tests: 32.798 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 304.90 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 983.942 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 3.280 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 79.20 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 3 90.0 0 3001 Processing: 25 976 1339.8 189 3694 Waiting: 23 954 1316.5 188 3691 Total: 25 979 1341.0 189 3694 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 189 66% 289 75% 3094 80% 3113 90% 3184 95% 3249 98% 3315 99% 3375 100% 3694 (longest request)
50 进程,500 并发测试,RPS 为 378.95。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 500 Time taken for tests: 26.389 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 378.95 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 1319.431 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 2.639 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 98.44 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 2 79.4 0 3001 Processing: 64 1306 1434.7 341 3962 Waiting: 17 1224 1391.4 321 3959 Total: 65 1308 1435.2 342 3963 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 342 66% 3142 75% 3168 80% 3195 90% 3292 95% 3374 98% 3467 99% 3516 100% 3963 (longest request)
首先 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 100 测试,RPS 为 834.12。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 11.989 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 834.12 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 119.886 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.199 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 216.68 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.3 0 4 Processing: 84 119 9.8 122 165 Waiting: 84 119 9.8 122 164 Total: 84 119 9.8 123 165 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 123 66% 124 75% 125 80% 125 90% 126 95% 128 98% 131 99% 137 100% 165 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 300 测试,RPS 为 837.50。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 300 Time taken for tests: 11.940 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 837.50 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 358.207 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.194 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 217.55 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 42.4 0 3001 Processing: 86 354 1043.0 161 7172 Waiting: 86 344 1011.9 160 7172 Total: 86 355 1044.5 161 7172 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 161 66% 182 75% 199 80% 212 90% 251 95% 302 98% 6103 99% 6135 100% 7172 (longest request)
然后使用 8 个 Worker 进程,并发 500 测试,RPS 为 824.14。
C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 3d3b4d2d36ecdad9084894b1b5ed13e5 Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient) Completed 1000 requests Completed 2000 requests Completed 3000 requests Completed 4000 requests Completed 5000 requests Completed 6000 requests Completed 7000 requests Completed 8000 requests Completed 9000 requests Completed 10000 requests Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.13.9 Server Hostname: www.a.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 101 bytes Concurrency Level: 500 Time taken for tests: 12.134 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 2660000 bytes HTML transferred: 1010000 bytes Requests per second: 824.14 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 606.690 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 1.213 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 214.08 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.3 0 4 Processing: 92 332 585.3 198 6931 Waiting: 91 331 585.5 196 6931 Total: 92 332 585.3 198 6931 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 198 66% 242 75% 284 80% 334 90% 587 95% 932 98% 1216 99% 2390 100% 6931 (longest request)
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