Exemple de code pour implémenter le jeu du serpent en Python

Cet article présente principalement l'utilisation de Python pour écrire un exemple de code de jeu Snake. Il est très bon et a une valeur de référence. Les amis qui en ont besoin peuvent s'y référer

J'ai ajouté l'affichage des scores au programme. Trois Aliments spéciaux, la logique du jeu de Snake est écrite dans la classe SnakeGame au lieu de la classe Snake.

Aliment spécial :

Vert : normal, manger augmentera la taille du corps

Rouge : manger. réduire la forme du corps

3. Or : Après avoir mangé, le serpent retrouvera sa forme originale

4. Aliment qui change de couleur : Après avoir mangé, la couleur du serpent changera en fonction de la couleur de l'aliment

#coding=UTF-8
from Tkinter import *
from random import randint
import tkMessageBox
class Grid(object):
  def __init__(self, master=None,height=16, width=24, offset=10, grid_width=50, bg="#808080"):
    self.height = height
    self.width = width
    self.offset = offset
    self.grid_width = grid_width
    self.bg = bg
    self.canvas = Canvas(master, width=self.width*self.grid_width+2*self.offset, height=self.height*self.grid_width+
                                              2*self.offset, bg=self.bg)
    self.canvas.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
  def draw(self, pos, color, ):
    x = pos[0] * self.grid_width + self.offset
    y = pos[1] * self.grid_width + self.offset
    #outline属性要与网格的背景色（self.bg）相同，要不然会很丑
    self.canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + self.grid_width, y + self.grid_width, fill=color, outline=self.bg)
class Food(object):
  def __init__(self, grid, color = "#23D978"):
    self.grid = grid
    self.color = color
    self.set_pos()
    self.type = 1
  def set_pos(self):
    x = randint(0, self.grid.width - 1)
    y = randint(0, self.grid.height - 1)
    self.pos = (x, y)
  def display(self):
    self.grid.draw(self.pos, self.color)
class Snake(object):
  def __init__(self, grid, color = "#000000"):
    self.grid = grid
    self.color = color
    self.body = [(8, 11), (8, 12), (8, 13)]
    self.direction = "Up"
    for i in self.body:
      self.grid.draw(i, self.color)
  #这个方法用于游戏重新开始时初始化贪吃蛇的位置
  def initial(self):
    while not len(self.body) == 0:
      pop = self.body.pop()
      self.grid.draw(pop, self.grid.bg)
    self.body = [(8, 11), (8, 12), (8, 13)]
    self.direction = "Up"
    self.color = "#000000"
    for i in self.body:
      self.grid.draw(i, self.color)
  #蛇像一个指定点移动
  def move(self, new):
    self.body.insert(0, new)
    pop = self.body.pop()
    self.grid.draw(pop, self.grid.bg)
    self.grid.draw(new, self.color)
  #蛇像一个指定点移动，并增加长度
  def add(self ,new):
    self.body.insert(0, new)
    self.grid.draw(new, self.color)
  #蛇吃到了特殊食物1，剪短自身的长度
  def cut_down(self,new):
    self.body.insert(0, new)
    self.grid.draw(new, self.color)
    for i in range(0,3):
      pop = self.body.pop()
      self.grid.draw(pop, self.grid.bg)
  #蛇吃到了特殊食物2，回到最初长度
  def init(self, new):
    self.body.insert(0, new)
    self.grid.draw(new, self.color)
    while len(self.body) > 3:
      pop = self.body.pop()
      self.grid.draw(pop, self.grid.bg)
   #蛇吃到了特殊食物3，改变了自身的颜色,纯属好玩
  def change(self, new, color):
    self.color = color
    self.body.insert(0, new)
    for item in self.body:
      self.grid.draw(item, self.color)
class SnakeGame(Frame):
  def __init__(self, master):
    Frame.__init__(self, master)
    self.grid = Grid(master)
    self.snake = Snake(self.grid)
    self.food = Food(self.grid)
    self.gameover = False
    self.score = 0
    self.status = ['run', 'stop']
    self.speed = 300
    self.grid.canvas.bind_all("<KeyRelease>", self.key_release)
    self.display_food()
    #用于设置变色食物
    self.color_c = ("#FFB6C1","#6A5ACD","#0000FF","#F0FFF0","#FFFFE0","#F0F8FF","#EE82EE","#000000","#5FA8D9","#32CD32")
    self.i = 0
    #界面左侧显示分数
    self.m = StringVar()
    self.ft1 = (&#39;Fixdsys&#39;, 40, "bold")
    self.m1 = Message(master, textvariable=self.m, aspect=5000, font=self.ft1, bg="#696969")
    self.m1.pack(side=LEFT, fill=Y)
    self.m.set("Score:"+str(self.score))
  #这个方法用于游戏重新开始时初始化游戏
  def initial(self):
    self.gameover = False
    self.score = 0
    self.m.set("Score:"+str(self.score))
    self.snake.initial()
  #type1:普通食物 type2:减少2 type3:大乐透，回到最初状态 type4:吃了会变色
  def display_food(self):
    self.food.color = "#23D978"
    self.food.type = 1
    if randint(0, 40) == 5:
      self.food.color = "#FFD700"
      self.food.type = 3
      while (self.food.pos in self.snake.body):
        self.food.set_pos()
      self.food.display()
    elif randint(0, 4) == 2:
      self.food.color = "#EE82EE"
      self.food.type = 4
      while (self.food.pos in self.snake.body):
        self.food.set_pos()
      self.food.display()
    elif len(self.snake.body) > 10 and randint(0, 16) == 5:
      self.food.color = "#BC8F8F"
      self.food.type = 2
      while (self.food.pos in self.snake.body):
        self.food.set_pos()
      self.food.display()
    else:
      while (self.food.pos in self.snake.body):
        self.food.set_pos()
      self.food.display()
  def key_release(self, event):
    key = event.keysym
    key_dict = {"Up": "Down", "Down": "Up", "Left": "Right", "Right": "Left"}
    #蛇不可以像自己的反方向走
    if key_dict.has_key(key) and not key == key_dict[self.snake.direction]:
      self.snake.direction = key
      self.move()
    elif key == &#39;p&#39;:
      self.status.reverse()
  def run(self):
    #首先判断游戏是否暂停
    if not self.status[0] == &#39;stop&#39;:
      #判断游戏是否结束
      if self.gameover == True:
        message = tkMessageBox.showinfo("Game Over", "your score: %d" % self.score)
        if message == &#39;ok&#39;:
          self.initial()
      if self.food.type == 4:
        color = self.color_c[self.i]
        self.i = (self.i+1)%10
        self.food.color = color
        self.food.display()
        self.move(color)
      else:
        self.move()
    self.after(self.speed, self.run)
  def move(self, color="#EE82EE"):
    # 计算蛇下一次移动的点
    head = self.snake.body[0]
    if self.snake.direction == &#39;Up&#39;:
      if head[1] - 1 < 0:
        new = (head[0], 16)
      else:
        new = (head[0], head[1] - 1)
    elif self.snake.direction == &#39;Down&#39;:
      new = (head[0], (head[1] + 1) % 16)
    elif self.snake.direction == &#39;Left&#39;:
      if head[0] - 1 < 0:
        new = (24, head[1])
      else:
        new = (head[0] - 1, head[1])
    else:
      new = ((head[0] + 1) % 24, head[1])
      #撞到自己，设置游戏结束的标志位，等待下一循环
    if new in self.snake.body:
      self.gameover=True
    #吃到食物
    elif new == self.food.pos:
      if self.food.type == 1:
        self.snake.add(new)
      elif self.food.type == 2:
        self.snake.cut_down(new)
      elif self.food.type == 4:
        self.snake.change(new, color)
      else:
        self.snake.init(new)
      self.display_food()
      self.score = self.score+1
      self.m.set("Score:" + str(self.score))
    #什么都没撞到，继续前进
    else:
      self.snake.move(new)
if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
  root = Tk()
  snakegame = SnakeGame(root)
  snakegame.run()
  snakegame.mainloop()

Résumé

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