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Cadre Struts2 04 entretoises et intégration de ressorts

PHP中文网original: 2017-07-09 18:12:461082parcourir

Table des matières

　1 Similitudes et différences entre servlet et filtre

　2 Encodage des caractères en mémoire

　3 Fonctionnalités de gbk et utf-8

　4 Intégration des jambes de force et du ressort

　5 Étapes d'intégration des jambes de force et du ressort

　6 L'utilisation de springIOC dans les classes d'action

　7 Revue des annotations

1 Similitudes et différences entre servlet et filtre

　1.1 Similitudes

　Le filtre peut être utilisé à la place du servlet, mais certaines fonctions du filtre ne peuvent pas être réalisées par le servlet, alors que toutes les fonctions du servlet peuvent être réalisées par le filtre

　1.2 Différences

　1.2.1Concept

　Servlet est un programme exécuté du côté serveur, génère dynamiquement une page Web

　　Le filtre est un morceau de code qui peut réutiliser ne peut pas générer des demandes et des réponses, mais peut gérer les réponses et les demandes en conséquence

　1.2.2 Cycle de vie

　Servlet utilise le constructeur pour instancier le servlet lorsque le serveur Web démarre ou que le serveur Web reçoit la première requête, puis appelle la méthode init pour initialiser, et chaque requête ultérieure Est-ce que appellera la méthode doGet ou doPost pour le traitement ; lors de la fermeture du serveur, appellera la méthode destroy pour détruire l'instance

　　Filter utilise le constructeur pour instancier filter au démarrage du serveur Web, puis appelle la méthode init pour initialiser, et chaque requête suivante appelle la méthode doFilter Lors du traitement et de l'arrêt du serveur, appelez la méthode destroy pour détruire l'instance

　1.2.3 Différents types

Servlet est une classe, le filtre est une interface

　1.3 Implémentation de la programmation du servlet et du filtre　

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.IOException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.PrintWriter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Servlet implementation class DemoServlet
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>  <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> DemoServlet <span style="color: #0000ff">extends</span><span style="color: #000000"> HttpServlet {
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">long</span> serialVersionUID = 1L<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> DemoServlet() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">();
</span><span style="color: #008080">22</span>         System.out.println("01 利用构造器实例化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">23</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">25</span> <span style="color: #000000">    @Override
</span><span style="color: #008080">26</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> init() <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">27</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">.init();
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span>         System.out.println("02 利用init方法初始化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">30</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">31</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">32</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
</span><span style="color: #008080">33</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">34</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException, IOException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">35</span>         System.out.println("03 调用处理方法"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">36</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">37</span>         response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"); <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 设置消息头部分信息</span>
<span style="color: #008080">38</span>         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">39</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">40</span>         PrintWriter out =<span style="color: #000000"> response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">41</span>         out.println("hello servlet"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">42</span> <span style="color: #000000">        out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">43</span> <span style="color: #000000">    } 
</span><span style="color: #008080">44</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">45</span> <span style="color: #000000">    @Override
</span><span style="color: #008080">46</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> destroy() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">47</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">.destroy();
</span><span style="color: #008080">48</span>         System.out.println("04 利用destroy方法销毁"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">49</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">50</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">51</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">52</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
</span><span style="color: #008080">53</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">54</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException, IOException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">55</span>         <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
<span style="color: #008080">56</span> <span style="color: #000000">        doGet(request, response);
</span><span style="color: #008080">57</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">58</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">59</span> }

DémoServlet

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.IOException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.PrintWriter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.Filter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.FilterChain;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletException;
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Servlet Filter implementation class DemoFilter
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>  <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> DemoFilter <span style="color: #0000ff">implements</span><span style="color: #000000"> Filter {
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * Default constructor. 
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> DemoFilter() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">23</span>         System.out.println("01 利用构造器实例化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">25</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">26</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#init(FilterConfig)
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> init(FilterConfig fConfig) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">30</span>         System.out.println("02 利用init方法初始化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">31</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">32</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">33</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">34</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
</span><span style="color: #008080">35</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">36</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> IOException, ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">37</span>         System.out.println("03 调用处理方法"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">38</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">39</span>         HttpServletResponse response =<span style="color: #000000"> (HttpServletResponse)resp;
</span><span style="color: #008080">40</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">41</span>         response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">42</span>         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">43</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">44</span>         PrintWriter out =<span style="color: #000000"> response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">45</span>         out.println("hello filter"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">46</span> <span style="color: #000000">        out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">47</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">48</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">49</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">50</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#destroy()
</span><span style="color: #008080">51</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">52</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> destroy() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">53</span>         System.out.println("04 利用destroy方法销毁"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">54</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">55</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">56</span> }

DémoFilter

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">web-app </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee "</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> id</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="WebApp_ID"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="2.5"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">display-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servletVsFilter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">display-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file-list</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.html<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.htm<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.jsp<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.html<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.htm<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.jsp<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file-list</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu.DemoServlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">16</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>/servlet.do<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">21</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>filter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">23</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu.DemoFilter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">24</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">25</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">26</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>filter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>/filter.do<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">28</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">web-app</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

web.xml

项目结构图

servlet效果图

filter效果图

2 为什么对内存中的字符进行编码

　　字符在服务器内存中是16位的char,网络传输的单位是8为的byte，我们必须对数据进行拆分才能够进行传输，拆分的过程我们叫做编码

3 描述一下GBK和UTF-8的特点

　　utf-8是国际化的最优编码方案，包括了所有的字符，中文占3字节
　　gbk是本土化的最优编码方案，包含的字符较少，中文占2字节

4 struts2 和 spring 整合

　　4.1 为什么要进行整合

　　　　使用spring框架管理组件，实现注入，简化代码

　　4.2 怎么整合

　　　　导包（struts2 - spring - plugin）

　　　　配置文件（web.xml spring-struts.xml）

　　　　struts.xml配置文件

5 利用 struts + spring 实现 hello world 案例

　　5.1 导包

　　　　struts2核心包、struts和spring的整合插件包

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">project </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 "</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">modelVersion</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>4.0.0<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">modelVersion</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>ssh02<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">packaging</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>war<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">packaging</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>org.apache.struts<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>struts2-core<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>2.3.8<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>org.apache.struts<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>struts2-spring-plugin<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">16</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>2.3.8<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">project</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

maven依赖文件代码

　　5.2 配置web.xml

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee " version="2.5">
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>   <display-name>ssh02</display-name>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>   <welcome-file-list>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>     <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>     <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.html</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>     <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.htm</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>     <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.jsp</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span>   </welcome-file-list>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>   <!--<span style="color: #000000"> 配置spring监听
</span><span style="color: #008080">14</span>               目的：容器启动时自动加载一下东西到缓存中 -->
<span style="color: #008080">15</span>   <listener>
<span style="color: #008080">16</span>       <listener-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>   </listener>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>   <!-- 配置Spring配置文件的位置 -->
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>   <context-param>
<span style="color: #008080">21</span>       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>       <param-value>classpath:spring_*.xml</param-value>
<span style="color: #008080">23</span>   </context-param>
<span style="color: #008080">24</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">25</span>   <!-- 配置主控制器和过滤条件 -->
<span style="color: #008080">26</span>   <filter>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span>       <filter-name>mvc</filter-name>
<span style="color: #008080">28</span>       <filter-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span>   </filter>
<span style="color: #008080">30</span>   <filter-mapping>
<span style="color: #008080">31</span>       <filter-name>mvc</filter-name>
<span style="color: #008080">32</span>       <url-pattern><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000"></url-pattern>
</span><span style="color: #008080">33</span> <span style="color: #008000">  </filter-mapping>
</span><span style="color: #008080">34</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">35</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">36</span> <span style="color: #008000"></web-app></span>

web.xml配置文件源代码

　　　　5.2.1 配置spring监听

　　　　　　所需类的位置

　　　　5.2.2 配置Spring配置文件的位置

　　　　　　配置文件所处位置

　　　　5.2.3 配置主控制器和过滤条件

　　　　　　所需类的位置

　　5.3 配置spring_context.xml

　　　　只需要在里面配置组件扫描即可

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">beans </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:context</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:jdbc</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:jee</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:tx</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:aop</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:mvc</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:util</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:jpa</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>     <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> 配置组件扫描 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">context:component-scan </span><span style="color: #ff0000">base-package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="cn.xiangxu"</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">/></span>
<span style="color: #008080">21</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">22</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">beans</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

spring配置文件代码

　　5.4 配置struts.xml

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">package </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> namespace</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="/test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> extends</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="struts-default"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> namespace是配置访问路径，extends是配置继承默认struts文件 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">action </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="demo"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="cn.xiangxu.TestAction"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> name是配置访问网名，class是配置action类 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">result </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="success"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">                /WEB-INF/jsp/msg.jsp
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">result</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

struts配置文件

　　5.5 编写action类

<span style="color: #008080">1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080">2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestAction {
</span><span style="color: #008080">4</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> String execute() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">5</span>         System.out.println("struts整合spring"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">6</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> "success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">7</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">8</span> }

action类代码

　　5.6 编写所需的JSP文件

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">%@ page </span><span style="color: #ff0000">language</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="java"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> contentType</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="text/html; charset=utf-8"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    pageEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="utf-8"</span><span style="color: #ff0000">%</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">html</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">head</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">meta </span><span style="color: #ff0000">http-equiv</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="Content-Type"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> content</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">title</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>test<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">title</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">head</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">h2</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>恭喜你，struts整合spring成功！<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">h2</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">html</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

jsp文件代码

　　项目结构图

6 struts整合spring后就可以使用springIOC啦

　　例如：持久层的action类中通过依赖注入服务层的类，从而就可以使用服务层的相关属性和方法啦

　　6.1 案例改进所需的业务层类

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.service;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #000000">@Service
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestService {
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> test() {
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         System.out.println("我是业务层的数据哟。"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> }

增加的service类代码

　　6.2 案例改进一

　　　　在action类上添加@Controller注解，这样spring容器就会自动给其增加一个bean

　　　　在action类上添加@Scope("prototype")注解，这样就能让每一个请求都有一个action处理类，如果不写就是所有的请求公用一个action处理类（即：默认时使用单例模式）

　　　　在action类中依赖注入业务层，从而实现控制反转

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.action;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.annotation.Resource;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.service.TestService;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">@Controller
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> @Scope("prototype"<span style="color: #000000">)
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestAction {
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     @Resource(name="testService"<span style="color: #000000">)
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">private</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestService testService;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> String execute() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span>         System.out.println("struts整合spring"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #000000">        testService.test();
</span><span style="color: #008080">20</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> "success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">22</span> }

action类改进

　　6.3 案例改进二

　　　　struts中的action标签中的class属性值可以用相应bean的id代替

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">package </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> namespace</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="/test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> extends</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="struts-default"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> namespace是配置访问路径，extends是配置继承默认struts文件 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">action </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="demo"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="testAction"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> name是配置访问网名，class是配置action类 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">result </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="success"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">                /WEB-INF/jsp/msg.jsp
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">result</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

sturts配置文件代码改进

7 Révision des annotations

@Component@Controller@Service@Repository

@Resource@Scope

@Component Balise universelle (non recommandée, peut être utilisée par les novices, [peut être utilisée lors de la programmation AOP])

Format 1 : @Controller("identifiant spécifié")

Format 2 : @Controller Dans cette méthode, l'identifiant par défaut est utilisé, c'est-à-dire : la valeur après le nom de la classe en minuscule
@Controller agit sur la couche de contrôle
@Service agit sur la couche métier
@Repository agit sur la couche de persistance

@Scope évite les problèmes de sécurité des threads et spécifie la valeur comme "prototype", afin que chaque requête corresponde à une classe de traitement d'action sinon ; écrit, ce sera un mode singleton (c'est à dire : Toutes les requêtes correspondent à une classe de traitement d'action)

Format : @Scope("prototype")

　@Déclaration de ressources lors de l'injection de dépendances

Format : @Resource(name="ID d'injection de dépendance")

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