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Maison  >  Article  >  développement back-end  >  Exemple de partage de code sur la façon dont Python implémente la conversion de lecture XML et de base de données

Exemple de partage de code sur la façon dont Python implémente la conversion de lecture XML et de base de données

黄舟
黄舟original
2017-06-18 11:12:391684parcourir

这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于利用python实现xml与数据库读取转换的方法，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家具有一定的参考学习价值，需要的朋友们下面来一起看看吧。

前言

xml课的第三第四个作业都是用java编程来实现xml dom的一些转换, 因为自己没怎么学过java，因此和老师说了下想用python来实现第三第四个作业，下面就直接贴代码了

xml文档


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="1.xslt" rel="external nofollow" ?>
<!DOCTYPE sys_info [
 <!ELEMENT sys_info (info+)>
 <!ELEMENT info (sysDescr,sysUpTime,sysContact,sysName)>
 <!ELEMENT sysDescr (#PCDATA)>
 <!ELEMENT sysUpTime (#PCDATA)>
 <!ELEMENT sysContact (#PCDATA)>
 <!ELEMENT sysName (#PCDATA)>
 <!ATTLIST info ip CDATA #REQUIRED>
]>
 
<sys_info xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="1.xsd">
 <info ip="192.168.1.1">
  <sysDescr>X86-Windows2000</sysDescr>
  <sysUpTime>9 hours 42 minutes</sysUpTime>
  <sysContact>zhangsan</sysContact>
  <sysName>computerZhang</sysName>
 
 </info>
 <info ip="192.168.1.3">
  <sysDescr>router</sysDescr>
  <sysUpTime>24 hours</sysUpTime>
  <sysContact>ruijie</sysContact>
  <sysName>Router2</sysName>
 </info>
 <info ip="192.168.2.1">
  <sysDescr>router</sysDescr>
  <sysUpTime>89 hours</sysUpTime>
  <sysContact>Cisco</sysContact>
  <sysName>Router3</sysName>
 </info>
</sys_info>

解析xml文档用的是python自带的xml库ElementTree, 读取mysql可以安装MySQLdb模块


apt-get install python-MySQLdb

程序运行如下


root@lj /h/s/x/3# python 21.py -h
usage: 21.py [-h] status
 
positional arguments:
 status  0clar,1read,2insert

读取xml保存到数据库


root@lj /h/s/x/3# python 21.py 2
插入语句: insert into info values (&#39;192.168.1.1&#39;,&#39;X86-Windows2000&#39;,&#39;9 hours 42 minutes&#39;,&#39;zhangsan&#39;,&#39;computerZhang&#39;)
插入语句: insert into info values (&#39;192.168.1.3&#39;,&#39;router&#39;,&#39;24 hours&#39;,&#39;ruijie&#39;,&#39;Router2&#39;)
插入语句: insert into info values (&#39;192.168.2.1&#39;,&#39;router&#39;,&#39;89 hours&#39;,&#39;Cisco&#39;,&#39;Router3&#39;)
insert success!!!

读取数据库保存到xml文档


root@lj /h/s/x/3# python 21.py 1
+-------------+-----------------+--------------------+------------+---------------+
| IP地址 | sysDescr.0 | sysUpTime.0  | sysContact | sysName.0 |
+-------------+-----------------+--------------------+------------+---------------+
| 192.168.1.1 | X86-Windows2000 | 9 hours 42 minutes | zhangsan | computerZhang |
| 192.168.1.3 |  router  |  24 hours  | ruijie | Router2 |
| 192.168.2.1 |  router  |  89 hours  | Cisco | Router3 |
+-------------+-----------------+--------------------+------------+---------------+
write into sys.xml...

建立数据库的sql文件:


-- MySQL dump 10.16 Distrib 10.1.21-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost Database: localhost
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version 10.1.21-MariaDB-5
 
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=&#39;+00:00&#39; */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE=&#39;NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO&#39; */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
 
--
-- Table structure for table `info`
--
 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `info`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client  = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `info` (
 `ip` char(15) NOT NULL,
 `sysDescr` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
 `sysUpTime` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL,
 `sysContract` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
 `sysName` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`ip`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
 
--
-- Dumping data for table `info`
--
 
LOCK TABLES `info` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `info` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `info` VALUES (&#39;192.168.1.1&#39;,&#39;X86-Windows2000&#39;,&#39;9 hours 42 minutes&#39;,&#39;zhangsan&#39;,&#39;computerZhang&#39;),(&#39;192.168.1.3&#39;,&#39;router&#39;,&#39;24 hours&#39;,&#39;ruijie&#39;,&#39;Router2&#39;),(&#39;192.168.2.1&#39;,&#39;router&#39;,&#39;89 hours&#39;,&#39;Cisco&#39;,&#39;Router3&#39;);
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `info` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;
 
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
 
-- Dump completed on 2017-03-23 15:36:31

下面是主要代码


#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Date : 2017-03-23 14:47:39
# @Author : 江sir (2461805286@qq.com)
# @Link : http://www.blogsir.com.cn
# @Version : $1.1
 
import sys
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import MySQLdb
import argparse
from prettytable import PrettyTable 
 
&#39;&#39;&#39;
一个xml作业，自己用python实现了从xml读取到数据库，和从数据库读取到xml的功能
&#39;&#39;&#39;
 
def buildNewsXmlFile(data):
 
 
 root = ET.Element(&#39;sys_info&#39;)#创建sys_info根元素
 # print help(ET)
 info = ET.SubElement(root, "info",attrib={&#39;ip&#39;:&#39;%s&#39;%data[0][0]})#创建四个二级元素
 sysDescr = ET.SubElement(info,"sysDescr")
 sysUpTime = ET.SubElement(info,"sysUpTime")
 sysContact = ET.SubElement(info,"sysContact")
 sysName = ET.SubElement(info,"sysName")
 sysDescr.text = data[0][1]
 sysUpTime.text = data[0][2]
 sysContact.text = data[0][3]
 sysName.text = data[0][4]
 
 info = ET.SubElement(root, "info",attrib={&#39;ip&#39;:&#39;%s&#39;%data[1][0]})
 sysDescr = ET.SubElement(info,"sysDescr")
 sysUpTime = ET.SubElement(info,"sysUpTime")
 sysContact = ET.SubElement(info,"sysContact")
 sysName = ET.SubElement(info,"sysName")
 sysDescr.text = data[1][1]
 sysUpTime.text = data[1][2]
 sysContact.text = data[1][3]
 sysName.text = data[1][4]
 
 info = ET.SubElement(root, "info",attrib={&#39;ip&#39;:&#39;%s&#39;%data[2][0]})
 sysDescr = ET.SubElement(info,"sysDescr")
 sysUpTime = ET.SubElement(info,"sysUpTime")
 sysContact = ET.SubElement(info,"sysContact")
 sysName = ET.SubElement(info,"sysName")
 sysDescr.text = data[2][1]
 sysUpTime.text = data[2][2]
 sysContact.text = data[2][3]
 sysName.text = data[2][4]
 
 print &#39;write into sys.xml...&#39;
 tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
 tree.write("sys.xml")
 
 
def xml_parser():
 data = {}
 data_list = []
 tree = ET.parse(&#39;21.xml&#39;)
 root = tree.getroot()# 获取根元素
 for info in root.findall(&#39;info&#39;): #查找所有info元素
  for child in info: #对每个info元素遍历属性和子节点
   data [&#39;ip&#39;]= info.attrib[&#39;ip&#39;]
   data[child.tag] = child.text
 
  # print data.values()
  data_list.append(data.values())
 
 
 # print data_list
 return data_list
 
 
 
def get_Mysql():
 conn = MySQLdb.connect(&#39;localhost&#39;,&#39;root&#39;,&#39;root&#39;,&#39;sys_info2&#39;,charset=&#39;utf8&#39;)
 cursor = conn.cursor()
 cursor.execute(&#39;select * from info&#39;);
 result = cursor.fetchall()
 if not result:
  print &#39;please insert the database first&#39;
  sys.exit()
 
 
 x = PrettyTable([&#39;IP地址&#39;,&#39;sysDescr.0&#39;,&#39;sysUpTime.0&#39;,&#39;sysContact&#39;,&#39;sysName.0&#39;])
 for i in result:
  x.add_row(i)
 print x
 
 # print result
 return result
 
def set_Mysql(data):
 conn = MySQLdb.connect(&#39;localhost&#39;,&#39;root&#39;,&#39;root&#39;,&#39;sys_info2&#39;,charset=&#39;utf8&#39;)
 cursor = conn.cursor()
 for i in data:
  # print tuple(i)
  sysName,ip,sysUpTime,sysDescr,sysContact = tuple(i)
  sql = "insert into info values (&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)"%(ip,sysDescr,sysUpTime,sysContact,sysName)
  print &#39;插入语句:&#39;,sql
  try:
   cursor.execute(sql)
  except:
   print &#39;please clear the database&#39;
   sys.exit()
 print &#39;insert success!!!&#39;
 conn.commit()
 conn.close()
 
 
def clear_Mysql():
 conn = MySQLdb.connect(&#39;localhost&#39;,&#39;root&#39;,&#39;root&#39;,&#39;sys_info2&#39;,charset=&#39;utf8&#39;)
 cursor = conn.cursor()
 cursor.execute(&#39;delete from info&#39;)
 conn.commit()
 conn.close()
 
 
def main():
 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
 parser.add_argument(&#39;status&#39;,type=int,help="0clar,1read,2insert")
 arg = parser.parse_args()
 # print arg
 status = arg.status
 if status == 1:
  data = get_Mysql()
  buildNewsXmlFile(data)
 elif status == 2:
  data = xml_parser()
  set_Mysql(data)
 elif status == 0:
  clear_Mysql()
 else:
  print &#39;usage %s [0|1|2]&#39;%sys.argv[0]
 
if name == &#39;main&#39;:
 main()

第四个作业是web编程，用python的flask框架即可快速实现一个xml文档的显示，文件过多，就不贴了

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