Maison >base de données >tutoriel mysql >Partage de code pour les opérations de base de la table d'apprentissage MySQL
Cet article partage avec vous l'article d'introduction de la série de notes d'étude MySQL. Il parle principalement des commandes de fonctionnement de base des tables MySQL. Il est très détaillé. Les amis qui en ont besoin peuvent le consulter.
Créer une table
créer une table nom de la table
create table if not exists 表名
mysql> create database company; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> use company; Database changed mysql> create table if not exists t_dept( -> deptno int, -> dname varchar(20), -> loc varchar(40)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec) mysql> show tables; +-------------------+ | Tables_in_company | +-------------------+ | t_dept | +-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>Afficher la base de données actuelle Toutes les tables
show tables;
mysql> show tables; +-------------------+ | Tables_in_company | +-------------------+ | t_dept | +-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
décrire le nom de la table
describe 表名<br>
Abréviation
desc Nom de la table
mysql> describe t_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc t_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
show create table 表名
mysql> show create table t_dept; +--------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ | Table | Create Table | +--------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ | t_dept | CREATE TABLE `t_dept` ( `deptno` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `dname` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `loc` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 | +--------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) show create table t_dept \G mysql> show create table t_dept \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table: t_dept Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t_dept` ( `deptno` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `dname` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `loc` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 1 row in set (0.00 sec)Supprimer le tableau
supprimer le nom de la table
drop table if exists 表名
mysql> drop table if exists t_dept; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec) mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec)modifier le nom de la table
ALTER TABLE old_table_name RENAME [TO] new_table_name
new_table_name Nouveau nom de la table
Modifier t_dept en tab_dept
mysql> alter table t_dept rename tab_dept; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) mysql> show tables; +-------------------+ | Tables_in_company | +-------------------+ | tab_dept | +-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ALTER TABLE nom_table ADD nom d'attribut type d'attribut <p></p>
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD 属性名 属性类型<br>
Ajouter un champ décrivant varchar(20) à tab_dept
mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> alter table tab_dept add descri varchar(20); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.33 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD 属性名 属性类型 first
mysql> alter table tab_dept add id int first; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.38 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)Ajouter un champ après le champ spécifié dans la table
ALTER TABLE nom_table ADD nom d'attribut type d'attribut AFTER nom d'attribut
mysql> alter table tab_dept add comm varchar(20) after dname; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | comm | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)Supprimer le champ
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP nom de l'attribut
mysql> alter table tab_dept drop comm; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.32 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)Modification du champ - modifier le type de données du champ
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY type de données du nom de l'attribut
mysql> alter table tab_dept modify descri int; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.45 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)Modification du champ - modifier le nom du champ
ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE ancien nom d'attribut nouveau nom d'attribut ancien type de données
mysql> alter table tab_dept change id deptid int; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptid | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)Modification du champ - modifier le nom du champ et type de données en même temps
ALTER TABLE nom_table CHANGE ancien nom d'attribut nouveau nom d'attribut nouveau type de données
mysql> alter table tab_dept change deptid id varchar(32); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.49 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | varchar(32) | YES | | NULL | | | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)Ordre de modification
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY 属性名1 数据类型 FIRST|AFTER 属性名2
2 attributs doivent exister
mysql> alter table tab_dept modify deptno int first; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.33 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tab_dept; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | deptno | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | id | varchar(32) | YES | | NULL | | | dname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | loc | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | | descri | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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