Maison >développement back-end >tutoriel php >五步教你实现使用Nginx+uWSGI+Django方法部署Django程序
NOTE:不使用nginx,只使用uwsgi+django也是可以实现WEB服务的。uwsgi也可以直接处理WEB请求。
第一步先解决uwsgi与django的桥接。解决在没有nginx的情况下,如何使用uwsgi+DJANGO来实现一个简单的Web服务器。
第二步解决uwsgi与Nginx的桥接。通过nginx与uwsgi的桥接,打通nginx与django的连通,从而比较完美的实现django的部署。
环境介绍
安装uwsgi
<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>$ <spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>export <spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>LDFLAGS<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>=<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>"-Xlinker --no-as-needed"<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>$ pip install uwsgi </spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino>
测试uwsgi
# test.py def application(env, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')]) return "Hello World"
uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
配置django
NOTE:
请保证你的django项目是正常使用的。可以使用
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8002
来测试一下你的django项目是否能正常跑起来。
注意: 编写文件时需要注意语句os.environ.setdefault。比如,如果你的项目为mysite,则你的语句应该是
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<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-style:italic>#!/usr/bin/env python<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-style:italic># coding: utf-8<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>import<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>os<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>import<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>sys<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-style:italic># 将系统的编码设置为UTF8<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>reload<spanpalatino linotype new roman>(<spanpalatino linotype new roman>sys<spanpalatino linotype new roman>)<spanpalatino linotype new roman>sys<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>.<spanpalatino linotype new roman>setdefaultencoding<spanpalatino linotype new roman>(<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>'utf8'<spanpalatino linotype new roman>)<spanpalatino linotype new roman>os<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>.<spanpalatino linotype new roman>environ<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>.<spanpalatino linotype new roman>setdefault<spanpalatino linotype new roman>(<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>"DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE"<spanpalatino linotype new roman>,<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>"mysite.settings"<spanpalatino linotype new roman>)<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>from<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>django.core.handlers.wsgi<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold>import<spanpalatino linotype new roman>WSGIHandler<spanpalatino linotype new roman>application<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb>=<spanpalatino linotype new roman>WSGIHandler<spanpalatino linotype new roman>()</spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino>
连接django和uwsgi,实现简单的Web服务器。
uwsgi --http :8000 --chdir /home/work/src/sites/testdjango1/testdjango/mysite --module django_wsgi
最后:
参考、解释及其它
wsgi: WSGI是一种Web服务器网关接口。它是一个Web服务器(如nginx)与应用服务器(如uWSGI服务器)通信的一种规范。
关于WSGI协议看这里:WSGI
uWSGI: http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html uWSGI是一个Web服务器,它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。 Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。
uwsgi: uwsgi同WSGI一样是一种通信协议,而uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。
uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议,它用于定义传输信息的类型(type of information),每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述,它与WSGI相比是两样东西。
关于uwsgi协议看这里:The uwsgi protocol
有了uWSGI为什么还需要nginx?
nginx具备优秀的静态内容处理能力,然后将动态内容转发给uWSGI服务器,这样可以达到很好的客户端响应。
参考文献:http://heipark.iteye.com/blog/1750970
环境介绍
配置uWSGI
<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold><uwsgi><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold><socket>:8077<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold></spanpalatino></socket><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold><chdir>/home/work/src/sites/testdjango1/testdjango/mysite<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold></spanpalatino></chdir><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold><module>django_wsgi<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold></spanpalatino></module><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold><processes>4<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold></spanpalatino></processes><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-style:italic><!-- 进程数 --><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold><daemonize>uwsgi.log<spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold></spanpalatino></daemonize><spanpalatino linotype new roman color:rgb font-weight:bold></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></spanpalatino></uwsgi></spanpalatino>
配置Nginx
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Nginx+uWSGI+Django的实现方式
重启Nginx服务器,以使Nginx的配置生效。
nginx -s reload
重启后检查Nginx日志是否有异常。
启动uWSGI服务器
cd /home/work/src/sites/testdjango1/testdjango/mysite uwsgi -x djangochina_socket.xml
检查日志 uwsgi.log 是否有异常发现。
访问服务
基于上面的假设你的域名是www.you.com
因此,我们访问 www.you.com,如果发现程序与 单独使用Django启动的程序一模一样时,就说明成功啦!
关闭服务的方法
将uWSGi进程杀死即可。
一些建议
uWSG配置文件的进程数,可以根据实际情况分配。不要开得太大,否则机器可能会内存耗用太高。一般来说,对于一个小社区来说,4个进程已经足够了。
一般情况下,可以编写一下 stop.sh 脚本 来关闭uWSGI。
以上就介绍了五步教你实现使用Nginx+uWSGI+Django方法部署Django程序,包括了方面的内容,希望对PHP教程有兴趣的朋友有所帮助。