Maison > Article > développement back-end > 构建自己的PHP框架--抽象框架的内容,php框架--抽象_PHP教程
上一篇博客中,我们搭建了一个最简单的框架,从单一入口的public/index.php进入,解析出相应的Controller和Action,去执行,渲染出相应的页面或者输出相应的数据。
但是我们可以看到在public/index.php文件中,是一堆代码,如果之后,我要添加权限/事件等等的机制是不是也要也在这里,那不难想象,不就的将来,index.php就会变成一个巨大无比的php文件。我们当然不想看到这样的情景,所以我们需要将这些内容抽象出来,保持入口文件的简单明了。
那我们要将这些内容抽象到那里去呢?有聪明的同学已经想到了,就是之前在composer.json中定义的位置,我们来看一下composer.json文件:
<span>{ </span>"name": "craryprimitiveman/simple-framework"<span>, </span>"description": "A simple php framework"<span>, </span>"license": "MIT"<span>, </span>"authors"<span>: [ { </span>"name": "harrysun"<span>, </span>"email": "sunguangjun@126.com"<span> } ], </span>"require"<span>: {}, </span>"autoload"<span>: { </span>"psr-4"<span>: { </span>"sf\\": "src/"<span>, </span>"app\\": ""<span> } }, </span>"repositories"<span>: [ {</span>"type": "composer", "url": "http://packagist.phpcomposer.com"<span>}, {</span>"packagist": <span>false</span><span>} ] }</span>
可以看到autoload里的psr-4里还有个sf\\,他的地址是src/,这就是我们要放抽象出的内容的地方。
有人会问,为什么不直接使用app\\ 作为namespace呢?因为想到之后要将src下的内容做成一个composer包,迁移到vendor中。
下面就正式开始抽象了。
在src下创建两个文件夹,一个是base,一个是web。base用来存放基础的类,web用来存放与web相关的类。因为将来框架可能还要支持php脚本的执行,所以要将base和web分开,将来要加php脚本时,只需要建立一个console的文件夹就好了。
在两个文件夹中分别建立Application.php文件。
先来看在base里的Application.php
<?<span>php namespace sf\base; </span><span>use</span> <span>Exception</span><span>; </span><span>/*</span><span>* * Application is the base class for all application classes. * @author Harry Sun <sunguangjun@126.com> </span><span>*/</span> <span>abstract</span> <span>class</span><span> Application { </span><span>/*</span><span>* * @var string the namespace that controller classes are located in. * This namespace will be used to load controller classes by prepending it to the controller class name. * The default namespace is `app\controllers`. </span><span>*/</span> <span>public</span> <span>$controllerNamespace</span> = 'app\\controllers'<span>; </span><span>/*</span><span>* * Runs the application. * This is the main entrance of an application. </span><span>*/</span> <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> run() { </span><span>try</span><span> { </span><span>return</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>handleRequest(); } </span><span>catch</span> (<span>Exception</span> <span>$e</span><span>) { </span><span>return</span> <span>$e</span><span>; } } </span><span>/*</span><span>* * Handles the specified request. </span><span>*/</span> <span>abstract</span> <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> handleRequest(); }</span>
它是一个抽象类,实现了一个简单的run方法,run方法就是去执行以下handleRequest方法。
它定义了一个抽象方法handleRequest,等待被继承,实现。
它定义了一个controllerNamespace属性,记录controller存放的namesapce,默认值是'app\\controllers'。
再来看在web里的Application.php
<?<span>php namespace sf\web; </span><span>/*</span><span>* * Application is the base class for all application classes. * @author Harry Sun <sunguangjun@126.com> </span><span>*/</span> <span>class</span> Application <span>extends</span><span> \sf\base\Application { </span><span>/*</span><span>* * Handles the specified request. * @return Response the resulting response </span><span>*/</span> <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> handleRequest() { </span><span>$router</span> = <span>$_GET</span>['r'<span>]; </span><span>list</span>(<span>$controllerName</span>, <span>$actionName</span>) = <span>explode</span>('/', <span>$router</span><span>); </span><span>$ucController</span> = <span>ucfirst</span>(<span>$controllerName</span><span>); </span><span>$controllerName</span> = <span>$this</span>->controllerNamespace . '\\' . <span>$ucController</span> . 'Controller'<span>; </span><span>$controller</span> = <span>new</span> <span>$controllerName</span><span>(); </span><span>return</span> <span>call_user_func</span>([<span>$controller</span>, 'action'. <span>ucfirst</span>(<span>$actionName</span><span>)]); } }</span>
是不是觉得很眼熟,其实就是将之前放在index.php中的内容放到Application的handleRequest方法里了。
然后我们需要从入口文件调用到这里的代码,这就很简单了,index.php的内容如下:
<?<span>php </span><span>require_once</span>(__DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php'<span>); </span><span>$application</span> = <span>new</span><span> sf\web\Application(); </span><span>$application</span>->run();
直接去new一个web Application的实例,执行run方法就可以了,是不是很简单。
访问一下:http://localhost/simple-framework/public/index.php?r=site/test,你可以看到上一次一样的结果。
好了,今天就先到这里。项目内容和博客内容也都会放到Github上,欢迎大家提建议。
code:https://github.com/CraryPrimitiveMan/simple-framework/tree/0.2
blog project:https://github.com/CraryPrimitiveMan/create-your-own-php-framework