Maison >développement back-end >tutoriel php >php 中奖概率算法,中奖概率算法_PHP教程
我们先完成后台PHP的流程,PHP的主要工作是负责配置奖项及对应的中奖概率,当前端页面点击翻动某个方块时会想后台PHP发送ajax请求,那么后台PHP根据配置的概率,通过概率算法给出中奖结果,同时将未中奖的奖项信息一并以JSON数据格式发送给前端页面。
先来看概率计算函数
<span> 1</span> <span>function</span> get_rand(<span>$proArr</span><span>) { </span><span> 2</span> <span>$result</span> = ''<span>; </span><span> 3</span> <span> 4</span> <span>//</span><span>概率数组的总概率精度 </span> <span> 5</span> <span>$proSum</span> = <span>array_sum</span>(<span>$proArr</span><span>); </span><span> 6</span> <span> 7</span> <span>//</span><span>概率数组循环 </span> <span> 8</span> <span>foreach</span> (<span>$proArr</span> <span>as</span> <span>$key</span> => <span>$proCur</span><span>) { </span><span> 9</span> <span>$randNum</span> = <span>mt_rand</span>(1, <span>$proSum</span><span>); </span><span>10</span> <span>if</span> (<span>$randNum</span> <= <span>$proCur</span><span>) { </span><span>11</span> <span>$result</span> = <span>$key</span><span>; </span><span>12</span> <span>break</span><span>; </span><span>13</span> } <span>else</span><span> { </span><span>14</span> <span>$proSum</span> -= <span>$proCur</span><span>; </span><span>15</span> <span> } </span><span>16</span> <span> } </span><span>17</span> <span>unset</span> (<span>$proArr</span><span>); </span><span>18</span> <span>19</span> <span>return</span> <span>$result</span><span>; </span><span>20</span> }
上述代码是一段经典的概率算法,$proArr是一个预先设置的数组,假设数组为:array(100,200,300,400),开始是从1,1000这个概率范围内筛选第一个数是否在他的出现概率范围之内, 如果不在,则将概率空间,也就是k的值减去刚刚的那个数字的概率空间,在本例当中就是减去100,也就是说第二个数是在1,900这个范围内筛选的。这样筛选到最终,总会有一个数满足要求。就相当于去一个箱子里摸东西,第一个不是,第二个不是,第三个还不是,那最后一个一定是。这个算法简单,而且效率非常高,关键是这个算法已在我们以前的项目中有应用,尤其是大数据量的项目中效率非常棒。
接下来我们通过PHP配置奖项。
<span>1</span> <span>$prize_arr</span> = <span>array</span><span>( </span><span>2</span> '0' => <span>array</span>('id'=>1,'prize'=>'平板电脑','v'=>1), <span>3</span> '1' => <span>array</span>('id'=>2,'prize'=>'数码相机','v'=>5), <span>4</span> '2' => <span>array</span>('id'=>3,'prize'=>'音箱设备','v'=>10), <span>5</span> '3' => <span>array</span>('id'=>4,'prize'=>'4G优盘','v'=>12), <span>6</span> '4' => <span>array</span>('id'=>5,'prize'=>'10Q币','v'=>22), <span>7</span> '5' => <span>array</span>('id'=>6,'prize'=>'下次没准就能中哦','v'=>50), <span>8</span> );
该二维数组,记录了所有本次抽奖的奖项信息,其中id表示中奖等级,prize表示奖品,v表示中奖概率。注意其中的v必须为整数,你可以将对应的奖项的v设置成0,即意味着该奖项抽中的几率是0,数组中v的总和(基数),基数越大越能体现概率的准确性。本例中v的总和为100,那么平板电脑对应的中奖概率就是1%,如果v的总和是10000,那中奖概率就是万分之一了。
每次前端页面的请求,PHP循环奖项设置数组,通过概率计算函数get_rand获取抽中的奖项id。将中奖奖品保存在数组$res['yes']中,而剩下的未中奖的信息保存在$res['no']中,最后输出json个数数据给前端页面。
<span> 1</span> <span>foreach</span> (<span>$prize_arr</span> <span>as</span> <span>$key</span> => <span>$val</span><span>) { </span><span> 2</span> <span>$arr</span>[<span>$val</span>['id']] = <span>$val</span>['v'<span>]; </span><span> 3</span> <span>} </span><span> 4</span> <span> 5</span> <span>$rid</span> = get_rand(<span>$arr</span>); <span>//</span><span>根据概率获取奖项id </span> <span> 6</span> <span> 7</span> <span>$res</span>['yes'] = <span>$prize_arr</span>[<span>$rid</span>-1]['prize']; <span>//</span><span>中奖项 </span> <span> 8</span> <span>unset</span>(<span>$prize_arr</span>[<span>$rid</span>-1]); <span>//</span><span>将中奖项从数组中剔除,剩下未中奖项 </span> <span> 9</span> <span>shuffle</span>(<span>$prize_arr</span>); <span>//</span><span>打乱数组顺序 </span> <span>10</span> <span>for</span>(<span>$i</span>=0;<span>$i</span><<span>count</span>(<span>$prize_arr</span>);<span>$i</span>++<span>){ </span><span>11</span> <span>$pr</span>[] = <span>$prize_arr</span>[<span>$i</span>]['prize'<span>]; </span><span>12</span> <span>} </span><span>13</span> <span>$res</span>['no'] = <span>$pr</span><span>; </span><span>14</span> <span>echo</span> json_encode(<span>$res</span>);