Maison > Article > développement back-end > 如何实现一个php框架系列文章【4】url路由管理,_PHP教程
我们支持3种路由模式
普通模式
_a=$app, _u=$ctl.$act
最简单的方式,专注实现业务$act函数,不需要再写额外代码
为什么参数名前面要加下划线就不解释了
easy模式
_easy=$app.$tpl.$ctl.$act
_easy=$app.$ctl.$act
在web开发中,通常我们在$act中输出一个前端页面,
easy模式下,如果未实现$act处理函数,会自动寻找并显示对应的前端模板文件。
对于简单的展示页面适合使用这种路由模式
url重写模式(需要nginx或apache配置)
apache: ^rewrite[\.\/](.*)$ /index.php?_rewrite=$1 [R,QSA]
nginx: rewrite ^/rewrite[\.\/](.*)$ /index.php?_rewrite=$1 last;
rewrite.{$app}.{$ctl}.{$act}.{$params}.html
或更加优雅的目录式访问方式
rewrite/{$app}/{$ctl}/{$act}/{$params}.html
其中$params为选填参数部分.格式为urlencode后的参数列表
如果想传递sp_uid=1&d=1.2&p=sb, 那么$params = sp_uid%3D1%26d%3D1.2%26p%3Ds%2Fb
或sp_uid/1/d/1.2/p/sb
在某些要求url中不能带?&特殊字符的场景下可以使用这种模式
1. 为了能通过qq oauth2登陆验证,需要配置重写规则
rewrite.thirdlogin.index.qqcallback.sp_uid%3D1.php
2. 资源静态化
rewrite.upload.index.out.uidm%3D310ef4b.png
3. 支付回调
rewrite.pay.weixin.native2_notify.php
4. 微信开放平台授权回调
rewrite/web/component/message/_app_id/xxxxxxx.php
部分实现代码
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$a = (! empty ( $_REQUEST [ '_a' ]) && is_string ( $_REQUEST [ '_a' ])) ? $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] : 'web' ;
if (!preg_match( '/^[\w\.]+$/' , $a )) {
exit ( 'invalid _app name! ' . htmlspecialchars( $a ));
}
$GLOBALS [ '_UCT' ][ 'APP' ] = ! empty ( $a ) ? strtolower ( $a ) : 'web' ;
$u = (! empty ( $_REQUEST [ '_u' ]) && is_string ( $_REQUEST [ '_u' ])) ? $_REQUEST [ '_u' ] : 'index.index' ;
if (!preg_match( '/^[\w\.]+$/' , $u )) {
exit ( 'invalid _url name! ' . htmlspecialchars( $u ));
}
$u = explode ( '.' , $u , 2);
$GLOBALS [ '_UCT' ][ 'CTL' ] = ! empty ( $u [ '0' ]) ? strtolower ( $u [ '0' ]) : 'index' ;
$GLOBALS [ '_UCT' ][ 'ACT' ] = ! empty ( $u [ '1' ]) ? strtolower ( $u [ '1' ]) : 'index' ;
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easy模式
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//easy 模式直接访问模板tpl
if (! empty ( $_REQUEST [ '_easy' ]) && is_string ( $_REQUEST [ '_easy' ])) {
$easy = explode ( '.' , $_REQUEST [ '_easy' ]);
switch ( count ( $easy )) {
case 4:
$_GET [ '_u' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_u' ] = $easy [2] . '.' . $easy [3];
if (preg_match( '/^[\w\.]+$/' , $easy [1])) {
$GLOBALS [ '_UCT' ][ 'TPL' ] = $easy [1];
}
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $easy [0];
break ;
case 3:
$_GET [ '_u' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_u' ] = $easy [1] . '.' . $easy [2];
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $easy [0];
break ;
case 2:
$_GET [ '_u' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_u' ] = $easy [1];
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $easy [0];
break ;
case 1:
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $easy [0];
break ;
default :
exit ( 'invalid _easy param! ' . htmlspecialchars( $_REQUEST [ '_easy' ]));
}
}
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rewrite模式
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//url重写模式
if (! empty ( $_REQUEST [ '_rewrite' ]) && is_string ( $_REQUEST [ '_rewrite' ])) {
//1.支持apache 重写模式下?后的参数缺失的情况
if ( stripos ( $_SERVER [ 'SERVER_SOFTWARE' ], 'nginx' ) === false) {
$_REQUEST [ '_rewrite' ] = urldecode( substr ( $_SERVER [ 'QUERY_STRING' ], <code class="php functions">strlen( '_rewrite=' )));
}
//2. 丢弃_rewrite中的后缀名
$rewrite = substr ( $_REQUEST [ '_rewrite' ], 0, strrpos ( $_REQUEST [ '_rewrite' ], '.' ));
//3. 支持/作为分隔符
$sp = '.' ;
for ( $i = 0; $i <code class="php functions">strlen ( $rewrite ); $i ++) {
if (in_array( $rewrite [ $i ], array ( '.' , '/' ))) {
$sp = $rewrite [ $i ];
break ;
}
}
$rewrite = explode ( $sp , $rewrite , 4);
//最后1段是必填后缀名
switch ( count ( $rewrite )) {
case 3:
case 4: {
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $rewrite [0];
$_GET [ '_u' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_u' ] = $rewrite [1]. '.' . $rewrite [2];
if (! empty ( $rewrite [3])) {
if ( strpos ( $rewrite [3], '/' )) {
$params = explode ( '/' , $rewrite [3]);
for ( $i =0; $i +1<code class="php functions">count ( $params ); $i +=2) {
$_REQUEST [urldecode( $params [ $i ])] = urldecode( $params [ $i +1]);
}
}
else {
foreach ( explode ( '&' , $rewrite [3]) as $p ) {
list( $k , $v ) = explode ( '=' , $p , 2);
$_REQUEST [urldecode( $k )] = urldecode( $v );
}
}
}
break ;
}
case 2:
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $rewrite [0];
$_GET [ '_u' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_u' ] = $rewrite [1];
break ;
case 1:
$_GET [ '_a' ] = $_REQUEST [ '_a' ] = $rewrite [0];
break ;
default :
break ;
}
}
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