ORACLE 11G静默安装

今天拿了一台虚拟机测试，进行静默安装oracle 11g，前期的准备工作（创建组，用户，配置内核参数，配置环境变量，依赖包，创建目录等）跟图形化界面安装一样，这里就不再重复了，下面就直接配置静默安装相关的文件。 STP1：修改软件安装响应文件db_install.r

今天拿了一台虚拟机测试，进行静默安装oracle 11g，前期的准备工作（创建组，用户，配置内核参数，配置环境变量，依赖包，创建目录等）跟图形化界面安装一样，这里就不再重复了，下面就直接配置静默安装相关的文件。

STP1：修改软件安装响应文件db_install.rsp （在oracle解压缩安装文件的 /database/response目录下面）

####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2011. All rights reserved.##
##                                                                ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize     ##
## your installation.                                             ##
##                                                                ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment        ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate        ##
## values.							  ##
##                                                                ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and    ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user  ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation.                ##
##                                                                ##
####################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value. 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# 3. UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames 
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.  
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
# This is an optional parameter if installing on
# Windows based Operating System.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.             
# 
# en   : English                  ja   : Japanese                  
# fr   : French                   ko   : Korean                    
# ar   : Arabic                   es   : Latin American Spanish    
# bn   : Bengali                  lv   : Latvian                   
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese     lt   : Lithuanian                
# bg   : Bulgarian                ms   : Malay                     
# fr_CA: Canadian French          es_MX: Mexican Spanish           
# ca   : Catalan                  no   : Norwegian                 
# hr   : Croatian                 pl   : Polish                    
# cs   : Czech                    pt   : Portuguese                
# da   : Danish                   ro   : Romanian                  
# nl   : Dutch                    ru   : Russian                   
# ar_EG: Egyptian                 zh_CN: Simplified Chinese        
# en_GB: English (Great Britain)  sk   : Slovak                    
# et   : Estonian                 sl   : Slovenian                 
# fi   : Finnish                  es_ES: Spanish                   
# de   : German                   sv   : Swedish                   
# el   : Greek                    th   : Thai                      
# iw   : Hebrew                   zh_TW: Traditional Chinese       
# hu   : Hungarian                tr   : Turkish                   
# is   : Icelandic                uk   : Ukrainian                 
# in   : Indonesian               vi   : Vietnamese                
# it   : Italian                                                   
#
# all_langs   : All languages
#
# Specify value as the following to select any of the languages.
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#
# Specify value as the following to select all the languages.
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=all_langs  
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base. 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.                        
#                                                             
# The value should contain only one of these choices.        
# EE     : Enterprise Edition                                
# SE     : Standard Edition                                  
# SEONE  : Standard Edition One
# PE     : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install and is considered
# only if InstallEdition is EE.
#
# true  : Components mentioned as part of 'optionalComponents' property
#         are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'optionalComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'EEOptionsSelection' is set to true. 
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to enable.
#
#              The following choices are available. You may specify any
#              combination of these choices.  The components you choose should
#              be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
#              Below is a list of components you may specify to enable.
#        
#              oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.3.0 - Oracle OLAP
#              oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.3.0 - Oracle Data Mining
#              oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.3.0 - Oracle Database Vault
#              oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.3.0 - Oracle Label Security
#              oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.3.0 - Oracle Partitioning
#              oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.3.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.3.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.3.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.3.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.3.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.3.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.3.0

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS                                  	      #
# ------------------------------------------                                  #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges       #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the   #		
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below.	      #
#                                                                             #
# The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based #
# Operating System.                                                           #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
# The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
…………

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user doesn't want to configure Security Updates.
# The value for this variable should be true if you don't want to configure
# Security Updates, false otherwise. 
#
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example    : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

…………

红色标记就是需要手动配置的参数，由于之前没有设置参数 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES（上面红色粗体），所以报了以下错误

[oracle@localhost oraInventory]$ tail 100 /tmp/OraInstall2015-02-01_11-06-39PM/installActions2015-02-01_11-06-39PM.log
tail: cannot open `100' for reading: No such file or directory
==> /tmp/OraInstall2015-02-01_11-06-39PM/installActions2015-02-01_11-06-39PM.log 
WARNING: My Oracle Support Username/Email Address Not Specified
SEVERE: Provide the My Oracle Support password.
INFO: Adding ExitStatus VAR_VALIDATION_FAILURE to the exit status set
WARNING: A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2015-02-01_11-06-39PM/installActions2015-02-01_11-06-39PM.log. Oracle recommends that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from the temporary location to a more permanent location.
INFO: Finding the most appropriate exit status for the current application
INFO: Exit Status is -2
INFO: Shutdown Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Installer
INFO: Unloading Setup Driver

将 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true加上后就好了

STEP2：执行静默安装数据库软件

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/software/database/response/db_install.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 219625 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 10047 MB    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-02-01_11-23-32PM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.
   CAUSE: The selected Oracle home contained directories or files.
   ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.
   CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2015-02-01_11-23-32PM/installActions2015-02-01_11-23-32PM.log
   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2015-02-01_11-23-32PM/installActions2015-02-01_11-23-32PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
You can find the log of this install session at:
 /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-02-01_11-23-32PM.log
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-02-01_11-23-32PM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
	1. /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
	2. /u01/app/oracle/root.sh
	
Successfully Setup Software.

安装完成后，用root的身份登录执行 

[root@localhost response]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@localhost response]# /u01/app/oracle/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/install/root_localhost.localdomain_2015-02-01_23-30-25.log for the output of root script
[root@localhost response]# 

STEP3：配置静默安装监听的响应文件netca.rsp，配置监听程序

[oracle@localhost bin]$ ./netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/software/database/response/netca.rsp

STEP4：配置静默安装数据库的响应文件 dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : RESPONSEFILE_VERSION
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Version of the database to create
# Valid values  : "11.1.0"
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : OPERATION_TYPE
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Type of operation
# Valid values  : "createDatabase" \ "createTemplateFromDB" \ "createCloneTemplate" \ "deleteDatabase" \ "configureDatabase" \ "addInstance" (RAC-only) \ "deleteInstance" (RAC-only)
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[CREATEDATABASE]

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : GDBNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Global database name of the database
# Valid values  : <db_name>.<db_domain> - when database domain isn't NULL
#                 <db_name>             - when database domain is NULL
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GDBNAME = "orcl.localdomain"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

</db_name></db_domain></db_name>

…………

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SID
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : System identifier (SID) of the database
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : <db_name> specified in GDBNAME
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SID = "orcl11g"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : NODELIST
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Comma-separated list of cluster nodes
# Valid values  : Cluster node names
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No (Yes for RAC database-centric database )
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#NODELIST=

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : TEMPLATENAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Name of the template
# Valid values  : Template file name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : Set to true if passwords are encrypted
# Valid values  : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS = FALSE


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SYSPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for SYS user
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSPASSWORD = "123456"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SYSTEMPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for SYSTEM user
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "123456"
<span style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
…………

</span></db_name>

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DATAFILEDESTINATION 
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Location of the data file's
# Valid values  : Directory for all the database files
# Default value : $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/u01/app/oradata


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : CHARACTERSET
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Character set of the database
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g National Language Support Guide
# Default value : "US7ASCII"
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"



#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : TOTALMEMORY
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : total memory in MB to allocate to Oracle
# Valid values  : 
# Default value : 
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTALMEMORY = "1024"

在这些配置参数中，有个需要特别说明一下<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">GDBNAME = "orcl.localdomain" </span>在配置GDBNAME时，以为只是配置全局数据库名，所以就将值配置为“orcl”,结果在静默安装时，xshell的安装界面直接空白，什么都没有，不知道问题出在哪里，于是将响应文件dbca.rsp再重新看了一下，发先GDBNAME后面还需要一个域名

[root@localhost response]# hostname
localhost.localdomain

查看了一下域名，所以将 GDBNAME = "orcl.localdomain" 再执行静默安装，就OK了

[oracle@localhost bin]$ ./dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/software/database/response/dbca.rsp                                                                                          
Copying database files                                                                                                                                                                         
1% complete                                                                                                                                                                                    
3% complete                                                                                                                                                                                    
11% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
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Creating and starting Oracle instance                                                                                                                                                          
40% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
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60% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
62% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
Completing Database Creation                                                                                                                                                                   
66% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
70% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
73% complete                                                                                                                                                                                   
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Look at the log file "/u01/app/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.   

至此，oracle 11g的静默安装已经完成！