Maison >base de données >tutoriel mysql >Hibernate框架基础
ORM概念 O, Object 对象R, Realtion 关系 (关系型数据库: MySQL, Oracle…)M,Mapping 映射ORM, 对象关系映射!ORM, 解决什么问题? 存储: 能否把对象的数据直接保存到数据库? 获取: 能否直接从数据库拿到一个对象?想做到上面2点,必须要有映射!总结:
<code>O, Object 对象 R, Realtion 关系 (关系型数据库: MySQL, Oracle…) M,Mapping 映射 ORM, 对象关系映射! ORM, 解决什么问题? 存储: 能否把对象的数据直接保存到数据库? 获取: 能否直接从数据库拿到一个对象? 想做到上面2点,必须要有映射! 总结: Hibernate与ORM的关系? Hibernate是ORM的实现! </code>
<code>搭建一个Hibernate环境,开发步骤: 1. 下载源码 版本:hibernate-distribution-3.6.0.Final 2. 引入jar文件 hibernate3.jar核心 + required 必须引入的(6个) + jpa 目录 + 数据库驱动包 3. 写对象以及对象的映射 Employee.java 对象 Employee.hbm.xml 对象的映射 (映射文件) 4. src/hibernate.cfg.xml 主配置文件 数据库连接配置 加载所用的映射(*.hbm.xml) 5. App.java 测试 </code>
对象 Employee.java
<code class=" hljs cs"><span class="hljs-comment">//一、 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> Employee { <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> empId; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> String empName; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Date workDate; } </code>
对象的映射 Employee.hbm.xml
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0"?></span> <span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"cn.itcast.a_hello"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Employee"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"employee"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 主键 ,映射--></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">id</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empId"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"id"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">generator</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"native"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">id</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 非主键,映射 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empName"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"workDate"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"workDate"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">class</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span>></span> </code>
主配置文件 hibernate.cfg.xml
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-configuration</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">session-factory</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 数据库连接配置 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"hibernate.connection.driver_class"</span>></span>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"hibernate.connection.url"</span>></span>jdbc:mysql:///hib_demo<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"hibernate.connection.username"</span>></span>root<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"hibernate.connection.password"</span>></span>root<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"hibernate.dialect"</span>></span>org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"hibernate.show_sql"</span>></span>true<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 加载所有映射 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">resource</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"cn/itcast/a_hello/Employee.hbm.xml"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">session-factory</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-configuration</span>></span> </code>
测试类 App.java
<code class=" hljs java"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">App</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation">@Test</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">testHello</span>() <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> Exception { <span class="hljs-comment">// 对象</span> Employee emp = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Employee(); emp.setEmpName(<span class="hljs-string">"班长"</span>); emp.setWorkDate(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Date()); <span class="hljs-comment">// 获取加载配置文件的管理类对象</span> Configuration config = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Configuration(); config.configure(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 默认加载src/hibenrate.cfg.xml文件</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建session的工厂对象</span> SessionFactory sf = config.buildSessionFactory(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建session (代表一个会话,与数据库连接的会话)</span> Session session = sf.openSession(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 开启事务</span> Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">//保存-数据库</span> session.save(emp); <span class="hljs-comment">// 提交事务</span> tx.commit(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 关闭</span> session.close(); sf.close(); } } </code>
<code>|-- Configuration 配置管理类对象 config.configure(); 加载主配置文件的方法(hibernate.cfg.xml) 默认加载src/hibernate.cfg.xml config.configure(“cn/config/hibernate.cfg.xml”); 加载指定路径下指定名称的主配置文件 config.buildSessionFactory(); 创建session的工厂对象 |-- SessionFactory session的工厂(或者说代表了这个hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件) sf.openSession(); 创建一个sesison对象 sf.getCurrentSession(); 创建session或取出session对象 |--Session session对象维护了一个连接(Connection), 代表了与数据库连接的会话。 Hibernate最重要的对象: 只用使用hibernate与数据库操作,都用到这个对象 session.beginTransaction(); 开启一个事务; hibernate要求所有的与数据库的操作必须有事务的环境,否则报错! 更新: session.save(obj); 保存一个对象 session.update(emp); 更新一个对象 session.saveOrUpdate(emp); 保存或者更新的方法: 没有设置主键,执行保存; 有设置主键,执行更新操作; 如果设置主键不存在报错! 主键查询: session.get(Employee.class, 1); 主键查询 session.load(Employee.class, 1); 主键查询 (支持懒加载) HQL查询: HQL查询与SQL查询区别: SQL: (结构化查询语句)查询的是表以及字段; 不区分大小写。 HQL: hibernate query language 即hibernate提供的面向对象的查询语言 查询的是对象以及对象的属性。 区分大小写。 Criteria查询: 完全面向对象的查询。 本地SQL查询: 复杂的查询,就要使用原生态的sql查询,也可以,就是本地sql查询的支持! (缺点: 不能跨数据库平台!) |-- Transaction hibernate事务对象 共性问题1: ClassNotFoundException…., 缺少jar文件! 共性问题2: 如果程序执行程序,hibernate也有生成sql语句,但数据没有结果影响。 问题一般是事务忘记提交……. 遇到问题,一定看错误提示! </code>
<code class=" hljs java"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">EmployeeDaoImpl</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">IEmployeeDao</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Employee <span class="hljs-title">findById</span>(Serializable id) { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { <span class="hljs-comment">// 获取Session</span> session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 开启事务</span> tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 主键查询</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> (Employee) session.get(Employee.class, id); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> List<Employee> <span class="hljs-title">getAll</span>() { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">// HQL查询</span> Query q = session.createQuery(<span class="hljs-string">"from Employee"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> q.list(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> List<Employee> <span class="hljs-title">getAll</span>(String employeeName) { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); tx = session.beginTransaction(); Query q =session.createQuery(<span class="hljs-string">"from Employee where empName=?"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 注意:参数索引从0开始</span> q.setParameter(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, employeeName); <span class="hljs-comment">// 执行查询</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> q.list(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> List<Employee> <span class="hljs-title">getAll</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> index, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> count) { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); tx = session.beginTransaction(); Query q = session.createQuery(<span class="hljs-string">"from Employee"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 设置分页参数</span> q.setFirstResult(index); <span class="hljs-comment">// 查询的其实行 </span> q.setMaxResults(count); <span class="hljs-comment">// 查询返回的行数</span> List<Employee> list = q.list(); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> list; } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">save</span>(Employee emp) { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 执行保存操作</span> session.save(emp); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">update</span>(Employee emp) { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); tx = session.beginTransaction(); session.update(emp); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">delete</span>(Serializable id) { Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction tx = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 先根据id查询对象,再判断删除</span> Object obj = session.get(Employee.class, id); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (obj != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { session.delete(obj); } } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { tx.commit(); session.close(); } } }</code>
<code>Hibernate.cfg.xml 主配置文件中主要配置:数据库连接信息、其他参数、映射信息! 常用配置查看源码: hibernate-distribution-3.6.0.Final\project\etc\hibernate.properties </code>
<code>例如: ## MySQL #hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect #hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect #hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLMyISAMDialect #hibernate.connection.driver_class com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mysql:///test #hibernate.connection.username gavin #hibernate.connection.password </code>
Hibernate.properties
<code>#hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto create-drop 每次在创建sessionFactory时候执行创建表; 当调用sesisonFactory的close方法的时候,删除表! #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto create 每次都重新建表; 如果表已经存在就先删除再创建 #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto update 如果表不存在就创建; 表存在就不创建; #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto validate (生成环境时候) 执行验证: 当映射文件的内容与数据库表结构不一样的时候就报错! </code>
代码自动建表
<code class=" hljs java"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">App_ddl</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 自动建表</span> <span class="hljs-annotation">@Test</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">testCreate</span>() <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> Exception { <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建配置管理类对象</span> Configuration config = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Configuration(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 加载主配置文件</span> config.configure(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建工具类对象</span> SchemaExport export = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> SchemaExport(config); <span class="hljs-comment">// 建表</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 第一个参数: 是否在控制台打印建表语句</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 第二个参数: 是否执行脚本</span> export.create(<span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>); } } </code>
<code>1. 普通字段类型 2. 主键映射 单列主键映射 多列作为主键映射 主键生成策略,查看api: 5.1.2.2.1. Various additional generators 数据库: 一个表能否有多个主键? 不能。 为什么要设置主键? 数据库存储的数据都是有效的,必须保持唯一。 (为什么把id作为主键?) 因为表中通常找不到合适的列作为唯一列即主键,所以为了方法用id列,因为id是数据库系统维护可以保证唯一,所以就把这列作为主键! 联合/复合主键 如果找不到合适的列作为主键,出来用id列以外,我们一般用联合主键,即多列的值作为一个主键,从而确保记录的唯一性。 </code>
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0"?></span> <span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 映射文件: 映射一个实体类对象; 描述一个对象最终实现可以直接保存对象数据到数据库中。 --></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- package: 要映射的对象所在的包(可选,如果不指定,此文件所有的类都要指定全路径) auto-import 默认为true, 在写hql的时候自动导入包名 如果指定为false, 再写hql的时候必须要写上类的全名; 如:session.createQuery("from cn.itcast.c_hbm_config.Employee").list(); --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"cn.itcast.c_hbm_config"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">auto-import</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"true"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- class 映射某一个对象的(一般情况,一个对象写一个映射文件,即一个class节点) name 指定要映射的对象的类型 table 指定对象对应的表; 如果没有指定表名,默认与对象名称一样 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Employee"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"employee"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 主键 ,映射--></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">id</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empId"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"id"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 主键的生成策略 identity 自增长(mysql,db2) sequence 自增长(序列), oracle中自增长是以序列方法实现 native 自增长【会根据底层数据库自增长的方式选择identity或sequence】 如果是mysql数据库, 采用的自增长方式是identity 如果是oracle数据库, 使用sequence序列的方式实现自增长 increment 自增长(会有并发访问的问题,一般在服务器集群环境使用会存在问题。) assigned 指定主键生成策略为手动指定主键的值 uuid 指定uuid随机生成的唯一的值 foreign (外键的方式, one-to-one讲) --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">generator</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"uuid"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">id</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 普通字段映射 property name 指定对象的属性名称 column 指定对象属性对应的表的字段名称,如果不写默认与对象属性一致。 length 指定字符的长度, 默认为255 type 指定映射表的字段的类型,如果不指定会匹配属性的类型 java类型: 必须写全名 hibernate类型: 直接写类型,都是小写 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.String"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">length</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"20"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"workDate"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.util.Date"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 如果列名称为数据库关键字,需要用反引号或改列名。 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"desc"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"`desc`"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.String"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">class</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span>></span> </code>
对象与主键
<code class=" hljs java"><span class="hljs-comment">// 复合主键类</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">CompositeKeys</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">Serializable</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> String userName; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> String address; <span class="hljs-comment">// .. get/set</span> }</code>
<code class=" hljs cs"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> User { <span class="hljs-comment">// 名字跟地址,不会重复</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> CompositeKeys keys; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> age; }</code>
User.hbm.xml
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0"?></span> <span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"cn.itcast.d_compositeKey"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">auto-import</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"true"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"User"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 复合主键映射 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">composite-id</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"keys"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">key-property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"userName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"string"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">key-property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">key-property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"address"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"string"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">key-property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">composite-id</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"age"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"int"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">class</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span>></span></code>
APP.java
<code class=" hljs cs"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> App2 { <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> SessionFactory sf; <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> { <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建sf对象</span> sf = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Configuration() .configure() .addClass(User.class) <span class="hljs-comment">//(测试) 会自动加载映射文件:Employee.hbm.xml</span> .buildSessionFactory(); } <span class="hljs-comment">//1. 保存对象</span> @Test <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">testSave</span>() throws Exception { Session session = sf.openSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 对象</span> CompositeKeys keys = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> CompositeKeys(); keys.setAddress(<span class="hljs-string">"广州棠东"</span>); keys.setUserName(<span class="hljs-string">"Jack"</span>); User user = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> User(); user.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">20</span>); user.setKeys(keys); <span class="hljs-comment">// 保存</span> session.save(user); tx.commit(); session.close(); } @Test <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">testGet</span>() throws Exception { Session session = sf.openSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); <span class="hljs-comment">//构建主键再查询</span> CompositeKeys keys = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> CompositeKeys(); keys.setAddress(<span class="hljs-string">"广州棠东"</span>); keys.setUserName(<span class="hljs-string">"Jack"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 主键查询</span> User user = (User) session.<span class="hljs-keyword">get</span>(User.class, keys); <span class="hljs-comment">// 测试输出</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (user != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>){ System.<span class="hljs-keyword">out</span>.println(user.getKeys().getUserName()); System.<span class="hljs-keyword">out</span>.println(user.getKeys().getAddress()); System.<span class="hljs-keyword">out</span>.println(user.getAge()); } tx.commit(); session.close(); } } </code>