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socketpair is a function used to create a pair of sockets connected to each other. It is widely used in Unix systems for inter-process communication (IPC) within the same process. The prototype of its function is "int socketpair(int domain, int type, int protocol, int sv[2]);". The socket created by this function can realize two-way communication between processes and can be used to implement functions such as data transmission, synchronization and notification between processes.