php新手,写了一个web登录界面,除了用户名,密码,感觉有个验证码会比较cool一点,便根据参考书的简单介绍,写了一个image.php来生成简单的图片验证码,颇有感慨,分享一下。 1. 图片验证码生成步骤: (1)产生随机字符串(假设只需6位),使用session进行
php新手,写了一个web登录界面,除了用户名,密码,感觉有个验证码会比较cool一点,便根据参考书的简单介绍,写了一个image.php来生成简单的图片验证码,颇有感慨,分享一下。
1. 图片验证码生成步骤:
(1)产生随机字符串(假设只需6位),使用session进行保存,以便验证;
<span>php $</span><span>string</span> = <span>"</span><span>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789</span><span>"</span><span>;<br> $str = ""; </span><span>for</span>($i=<span>0</span>;$i6;$i++<span>){ $pos </span>= rand(<span>0</span>,<span>35</span><span>); $str .</span>= $<span>string</span><span>{$pos}; } session_start(); $_SESSION[</span><span>'</span><span>img_number</span><span>'</span>] = $str;
(2)创建一张简单的图片(80X20),设置背景色,文本色,再加一些干扰线,干扰素;
$img_handle = Imagecreate(<span>80</span>, <span>20</span>); <span>//</span><span>图片大小80X20</span> $back_color = ImageColorAllocate($img_handle, <span>255</span>, <span>255</span>, <span>255</span>); <span>//</span><span>背景颜色(白色)</span> $txt_color = ImageColorAllocate($img_handle, <span>0</span>,<span>0</span>, <span>0</span>); <span>//</span><span>文本颜色(黑色) </span><span>//</span><span>加入干扰线</span> <span>for</span>($i=<span>0</span>;$i3;$i++<span>) { $line </span>= ImageColorAllocate($img_handle,rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span><span>)); Imageline($img_handle, rand(</span><span>0</span>,<span>15</span>), rand(<span>0</span>,<span>15</span>), rand(<span>100</span>,<span>150</span>),rand(<span>10</span>,<span>50</span><span>), $line); } </span><span>//</span><span>加入干扰象素</span> <span>for</span>($i=<span>0</span>;$i200;$i++<span>) { $randcolor </span>= ImageColorallocate($img_handle,rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span><span>)); Imagesetpixel($img_handle, rand()</span>%<span>100</span> , rand()%<span>50</span><span> , $randcolor); }</span>
(3)填充图片背景色,再将产生的随机字符串填充图片;
Imagefill($img_handle, <span>0</span>, <span>0</span>, $back_color); <span>//</span><span>填充图片背景色</span> ImageString($img_handle, <span>28</span>, <span>10</span>, <span>0</span>, $str, $txt_color);<span>//</span><span>水平填充一行字符串</span>
(4)清空输出缓存区,再生成验证码图片,并显示图片。
ob_clean(); <span>//</span><span> ob_clean()清空输出缓存区 </span> header(<span>"</span><span>Content-type: image/png</span><span>"</span>); <span>//</span><span>生成验证码图片 </span> Imagepng($img_handle);<span>//</span><span>显示图片</span> ?>
2. 图片验证码的引用
在form表单中添加验证码图片,src=“image.php” 就是根据上面步骤用于产生验证码图片的php,为了增加效果,添加了js刷新验证码的功能,可以参考。
3. 验证码的验证
在post.php中使用第一步保存字符串的session与用户输入的验证码进行匹配。
<span>php session_start(); </span><span>if</span>($_POST[<span>'</span><span>code</span><span>'</span>] == $_SESSION[<span>'img_number</span><span>'</span><span>]){ echo </span><span>"</span><span>验证码正确</span><span>"</span><span>; }</span><span>else</span><span>{ echo </span><span>"</span><span>验证码错误</span><span>"</span><span>; } </span>?>
4. 效果展示:
生成的验证码图片:
在登录框中的效果:
4. 遗留问题探讨
(1)生成验证码图片,并显示图片前,为何要使用ob_clean()清空输出缓存区 ??
鉴于本人对于PHP不太熟悉,可参考 :http://www.php.net/manual/zh/function.ob-clean.php
(2)填充进图片的字体有没有办法设置大小??
ImageString这个函数使用的是内置字体,只能换成imagettftext()函数。可参考:http://us3.php.net/manual/zh/function.imagettftext.php
欢迎讨论,请轻喷~

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