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PHP生成图片验证码(simple)

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:47 PM
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php新手,写了一个web登录界面,除了用户名,密码,感觉有个验证码会比较cool一点,便根据参考书的简单介绍,写了一个image.php来生成简单的图片验证码,颇有感慨,分享一下。 1. 图片验证码生成步骤: (1)产生随机字符串(假设只需6位),使用session进行

     php新手,写了一个web登录界面,除了用户名,密码,感觉有个验证码会比较cool一点,便根据参考书的简单介绍,写了一个image.php来生成简单的图片验证码,颇有感慨,分享一下。

        1. 图片验证码生成步骤:

   (1)产生随机字符串(假设只需6位),使用session进行保存,以便验证;

<span>php
    $</span><span>string</span> = <span>"</span><span>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789</span><span>"</span><span>;<br>    $str = "";
    </span><span>for</span>($i=<span>0</span>;$i6;$i++<span>){
        $pos </span>= rand(<span>0</span>,<span>35</span><span>);
        $str .</span>= $<span>string</span><span>{$pos};
    }
    session_start();
    $_SESSION[</span><span>'</span><span>img_number</span><span>'</span>] = $str;

   (2)创建一张简单的图片(80X20),设置背景色,文本色,再加一些干扰线,干扰素;

    $img_handle = Imagecreate(<span>80</span>, <span>20</span>);  <span>//</span><span>图片大小80X20</span>
    $back_color = ImageColorAllocate($img_handle, <span>255</span>, <span>255</span>, <span>255</span>); <span>//</span><span>背景颜色(白色)</span>
    $txt_color = ImageColorAllocate($img_handle, <span>0</span>,<span>0</span>, <span>0</span>);  <span>//</span><span>文本颜色(黑色)
    
    </span><span>//</span><span>加入干扰线</span>
    <span>for</span>($i=<span>0</span>;$i3;$i++<span>)
    {
        $line </span>= ImageColorAllocate($img_handle,rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span><span>));
        Imageline($img_handle, rand(</span><span>0</span>,<span>15</span>), rand(<span>0</span>,<span>15</span>), rand(<span>100</span>,<span>150</span>),rand(<span>10</span>,<span>50</span><span>), $line);
    }
    </span><span>//</span><span>加入干扰象素</span>
    <span>for</span>($i=<span>0</span>;$i200;$i++<span>) 
    {
        $randcolor </span>= ImageColorallocate($img_handle,rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span>),rand(<span>0</span>,<span>255</span><span>));
        Imagesetpixel($img_handle, rand()</span>%<span>100</span> , rand()%<span>50</span><span> , $randcolor);
    }</span>

  (3)填充图片背景色,再将产生的随机字符串填充图片;

    Imagefill($img_handle, <span>0</span>, <span>0</span>, $back_color);             <span>//</span><span>填充图片背景色</span>
    ImageString($img_handle, <span>28</span>, <span>10</span>, <span>0</span>, $str, $txt_color);<span>//</span><span>水平填充一行字符串</span>

      (4)清空输出缓存区,再生成验证码图片,并显示图片。

    ob_clean();   <span>//</span><span> ob_clean()清空输出缓存区    </span>
    header(<span>"</span><span>Content-type: image/png</span><span>"</span>); <span>//</span><span>生成验证码图片    </span>
    Imagepng($img_handle);<span>//</span><span>显示图片</span>
?>

   2. 图片验证码的引用

   在form表单中添加验证码图片,src=“image.php” 就是根据上面步骤用于产生验证码图片的php,为了增加效果,添加了js刷新验证码的功能,可以参考。


"form1" name="form1" method="post" action="post.php"> "text" name="code" /> PHP生成图片验证码(simple)"image.php" id = "refresh" title="刷新验证码" align="absmiddle" onclick="document.getElementById('refresh'). "> "#ffffff">点击图片刷新 "submit" value="登录"/>

  3. 验证码的验证

  在post.php中使用第一步保存字符串的session与用户输入的验证码进行匹配。

<span>php
    session_start();
    </span><span>if</span>($_POST[<span>'</span><span>code</span><span>'</span>] == $_SESSION[<span>'img_number</span><span>'</span><span>]){
        echo </span><span>"</span><span>验证码正确</span><span>"</span><span>;
    }</span><span>else</span><span>{
        echo </span><span>"</span><span>验证码错误</span><span>"</span><span>;
    }
</span>?>

  4. 效果展示:

   生成的验证码图片: PHP生成图片验证码(simple)

   在登录框中的效果:

  PHP生成图片验证码(simple)

   4. 遗留问题探讨

  (1)生成验证码图片,并显示图片前,为何要使用ob_clean()清空输出缓存区 ??

   鉴于本人对于PHP不太熟悉,可参考 :http://www.php.net/manual/zh/function.ob-clean.php

   (2)填充进图片的字体有没有办法设置大小??

   ImageString这个函数使用的是内置字体,只能换成imagettftext()函数。可参考:http://us3.php.net/manual/zh/function.imagettftext.php

  

   欢迎讨论,请轻喷~

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