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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython Tutorial非程序猿学习什么计算机语言比较好?C语言已经学过了,有没有什么语言打的代码比较少的?

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说到打的代码比较少……我就列几种在Code Golf(Programming Puzzles & Code Golf Stack Exchange)中表现突出的语言吧。前三个是APL家的(参见 @bhuztez 的回答 ),后面的都是专为Code Golf设计的语言。当然,这些语言我全部不懂。
  • APL
  • J
  • K
  • GolfScript
  • CJam
  • Pyth
  • Clip
  • Sclipting
别那家伙胡扯。什么 APL,坑人呢?叫人以后看不懂自己写过什么?
python 或者 ruby 这种正经的脚本语言都可以。 在很多层面上看,Python就是21世纪的Basic。很适合非程序员 建议学一下Java,这样你就会觉得所有语言打代码都很少了。

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哦,其实我不是因为黑Java啰嗦而黑Java啰嗦。而是因为Java很难避免被某些人乱七八糟的加入一些模式什么的,变得自然啰嗦。

比Java更Verbose的语言有不少,比如评论里面提到的Visual Basic,比如Ada。却也不觉得读起来或者写起来比Java更蠢更累。

OK,你们说有IDE,你们说可以有Extraction, Completing 和 Refactoring的帮助可以让你们少些很多很多的代码。但是你们少些的代码能证明你们的Java代码不啰嗦吗?!能吗?!能吗!!!

艹!
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Learn You a Haskell for Great Good! racket 我的回答是haskell:
1. 用类似数学的方法书写程序:
f x = 2 * x - 1
2. 递归
不管是函数递归还是递归的类型(这样说没错吧)表达起来极为方便:
链表的定义:
data Linklist a = Node a (Linklist a)
树的定义:
data Tree a = Node a (Tree a) (Tree a)
没有更简便的了吧
这也算简短代码的部分了吧。
3. 函数组合
通过函数组合将简单的函数组合为更复杂的函数而无需重写
foo = unwords . (map toUpper) . words . reverse
使用了函数科里化 运行起来大概是这样:
ghci > foo "i have a dream"
MAERD A EVAH I
4. 泛型
可以使用类型变量(如a)代替一类的类型
head :: [a] -> Maybe a
head [] = Nothing
head x:xs = Maybe x
这样就不必一个类型一个对应的取头元素的函数了
5. 类型类
类型类很好用,比如我希望一种类型可以进行相等性运算可以这样:
data Foo a = Foo a --new defined type
instance Eq (Foo al) where
Foo a == Foo b = a == b
6. 模式匹配
这个绝对是省代码量的利器好吗~
lucky :: Int -> String
lucky 7 = "You're lucky"
lucky x = "Unlucky"
如果模式多了还可以考虑门卫:
tellWeightState :: Int -> String
tellWeightState x
| x > 140 = " Too Fat"
| x | otherwise = " Oll Korrect "
(反正俺是感觉比if-else,switch好用得多)

-----------分割线-----
7. list comprehension
如果想生成一个列表(甚至是无穷长度的),复杂的写法就是写一个函数然后返回符合要求的列表--但在haskell只需要像数学里的集合一样写就可以达到预期目标!:
>lst = [x^2 | x 试试看:
>take lst 4
[1, 4, 9, 16]
而且就算是Python来写这段代码,也仍要更多的代码量(字符数),而且并不是:无穷的
你只能这样:
lst = [ x * x for x in range(1, 4)]
这样直接得到拥有四个元素的列表,但如果我需要更多呢,下一步就是函数化了吧,于是又增加了代码量
虽然haskell里的这种写法也是语法糖,但是可比Python甜得多

8. lambda
同样是相较于Python
Python对lambda有很大的限制(只允许有一条语句)
但haskell中对lambda函数没有限制
这个例子在「Learn You a Haskell」里的对bracketOnError的使用中有体现
而且...lambda在haskell里很_简_短:
Python: foo = lambda x : x + 2
Haskell : foo = \x -> x + 2
上例在haskell里甚至可以更短,下一点讨论
9. 部分应用
上例的haskell代码可以直接简写为:
foo = (+ 2)
这就叫部分应用,函数组合利用的也正是这种原理,说到底都是函数科里化带来的好处

-----------------分割线
想起来再答:有错误请指出,轻喷,感谢阅读 python 找个程序员秘书,你动动嘴就可以了,一行代码都不用写。 Python和lua,还可以学学c#和Java,不要学c++脑袋疼。 要代码短,APL家族随便选一门就可以了。要知道在codegolf上,J语言可是经常毫无压力击败专门为codegolf开发的GolfScript的。

谁说APL难学的,看见APL IS EASY TO LEARN没?

非程序猿学习什么计算机语言比较好?C语言已经学过了,有没有什么语言打的代码比较少的?
图摘自 APL In Exposition
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