用petit的话来说:“这是一份来自 typeworkshop.com 的资料,简明扼要的描述了西文字体设计的一些基本概念,不管你是不是平面设计师或者是字体设计师,又或者只是路人甲乙丙丁,这些资料都可以让你进入字体所蕴含的数学之美。而且有许多方法也可以被引用到汉字设计中去。”
用我的话来说:中文有5000年的书法艺术的历史,但是对于现代印刷术的研究,还是要虚心向西方学习。虽然印刷术最早发明于中国,之后才流传到欧洲发扬光大。
现今英文印刷术研究体系已经被发展到一个非常精密和发达的水平,特别是在现在的全数字化的桌面印刷时代。现在的英文字体的数量已经不知道有几万种。但中文字体数量可能还不到一千,如果去除重复的,可能还不到100。
我之所以花这么多时间去研究英文字体,是由于我越来越感觉到,中文和英文就好像阴阳的关系,或者说是一个事物的两面。对英文字体设计的技术了解得越多,你对中文字体设计的理解也越深刻。因为其中包含的道理是一以贯通的。
下面开始:
(1)视觉均衡
100% practical. Sketches have been made to explain some basic issues in type design during the workshops. They get used to point out some problems which raise while creating a new typeface. Only some foundations are shown, no deep sophisticated details.
(写在前面)
100%实用。这一系列关于字体设计的讨论文章来自typeworkshop.com,每篇文章都配有手绘的插图,以阐明字体设计的一些基本事项,指出设计新字体时可能会遇到的一些问题。这里只讲述一些最基础的东西,未涉及复杂的技术细节。
Same size for all! To optically align all characters on a line, they cannot not have exactly the same mathematical height. For example the triangle on this drawing has to be higher than the rectangle. If this is not the case, the triangle will for sure look smaller than the rectangle. While creating a typeface, you want all the letters to have the same height.
为了让所有字符在视觉上对齐,它们就不能采用同样的物理尺寸。比如说,下图中的三角形的高度就必须大于矩形。否则,三角形看起来就要比矩形小很多。 而我们在设计字体的时候,往往想给它们定义同样的高度。
Also round forms have to exceed the baseline to be optically the same. If the circle would have exactly the same mathematical height as the rectangle, it would look smaller than the square. This doesn't only count for basic forms like triangles, circles and squares. It's essential in type design, because they apply to every single character in a typeface. Then it even doesn't matter if you're designing a latin, cyrillic or greek font. It's a basic principle for any kind of shape.
同样的 ,为了使圆形看起来和矩形同样大小,圆形就必须超出基线。如果圆形和矩形物理尺寸一样,圆形看上去就会比矩形小。这一规则不仅仅适用于三角形、圆形、方形这样的基本形状,这是字体设计的基本原则,整个字体中的所有字符都适用这一原则。不管你设计的是拉丁字体、还是斯拉夫或者希腊文字体,这是所有形体都必须遵循的基本准则。
英文原文

Advanced features of Adobe Photoshop include advanced selection tools, layer blending modes, and actions and scripts. 1) Advanced selection tools such as the Quick Selection Tool and the Color Range Selection Tool can accurately select image areas. 2) Layer blending mode such as "overlapping" mode can create unique visual effects. 3) Actions and scripts can automate repetition of tasks and improve work efficiency.

Photoshop's powerful functions in photo editing and enhancement include: 1. Use the "Repair Brush Tool" to remove acne, 2. Use the "Liquefaction Tool" to slim face, 3. Use the "Frequency Separation" technology to accurately retouch images. These functions are implemented through algorithms and image processing technology to optimize image processing effects.

Key features of Photoshop include layers and masks, adjustment tools, filters and effects. 1. Layers and masks allow independent editing of image parts. 2. Adjust tools such as brightness/contrast can modify image tone and brightness. 3. Filters and effects can quickly add visual effects. Mastering these features can help creative professionals achieve their creative vision.

Photoshop's applications in digital art include painting, illustration and image synthesis. 1) Painting: Using brushes, pencils and mixing tools, the artist can create realistic effects. 2) Illustration: With vector and shape tools, artists can accurately draw complex graphics and add effects. 3) Synthesis: Using mask and layer blending mode, artists can seamlessly blend different image elements.

Photoshop's advanced photo editing and synthesis technologies include: 1. Use layers, masks and adjustment layers for basic operations; 2. Use image pixel values to achieve photo editing effects; 3. Use multiple layers and masks for complex synthesis; 4. Use "liquefaction" tools to adjust facial features; 5. Use "frequency separation" technology to perform delicate photo editing, these technologies can improve image processing level and achieve professional-level effects.

The steps to using Photoshop for brand design include: 1. Use the Pen tool to draw basic shapes, 2. Add shadows and highlights through layer styles, 3. Adjust colors and details, 4. Use smart objects and actions to automatically generate different versions of the design. Photoshop helps designers create and optimize brand elements with the flexibility of layers and masks, ensuring consistency and professionalism of designs, from simple logos to complex branding guides.

Photoshop's subscription model is worth buying. 1) Users can access the latest version and use across devices at any time. 2) The subscription fee is low, and continuous updates and technical support are provided. 3) Advanced functions such as neural filters can be used for complex image processing. Despite the high long-term costs, its convenience and feature updates are valuable to professional users.

You can get the access to Photoshop in the most economical way: 1. Experience the software features with a 7-day free trial; 2. Find student or teacher discounts, as well as seasonal promotions; 3. Use coupons on third-party websites; 4. Subscribe to Adobe CreativeCloud's monthly or annual plan.


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