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Best practices for design patterns to improve code maintainability

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2024-05-09 12:03:01792browse

Best practices improve code maintainability through design patterns, including: 1. Dependency injection: Injecting dependencies improves testability and reduces coupling. 2. Single responsibility principle: a class is only responsible for one task, improving code readability, maintainability, and scalability. 3. Interface isolation principle: The interface only defines necessary operations to reduce coupling and facilitate maintenance and expansion. 4. Liskov substitution principle: Replacing a base class with a derived class does not affect behavior and enhances flexibility and maintainability. 5. Factory pattern: Separate the responsibility for creating objects and creating classes to improve maintainability and flexibility.

Best practices for design patterns to improve code maintainability

Best practices for design patterns to improve code maintainability

Design patterns are reusable programming solutions , can be applied in different scenarios, aiming to improve the maintainability, readability and reusability of code. Here are some best practices to improve code maintainability:

Dependency Injection (DI)

  • Description: Insert dependencies Inject into the class instead of hardcoding.
  • Advantages: Improve testability, reduce coupling, and facilitate maintenance and expansion.

Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)

  • Description: A class is only responsible for completing a single task.
  • Advantages: The code is easier to understand, maintain and expand, and errors are easier to locate.

Interface Isolation Principle (ISP)

  • Description: The interface only defines operations that the client really needs.
  • Advantages: Reduce coupling, making the code easier to maintain and expand.

Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP)

  • Description: A derived class should be able to replace its base class without vandalism.
  • Advantages: Improve flexibility and facilitate maintenance and expansion.

Factory Pattern

  • Description: The responsibility for creating objects is separated from the class that actually creates them.
  • Advantages: Improve the maintainability and flexibility of the code, making it easier to add new types.

Practical case

Consider the following code:

class Customer {
  private int id;
  private String name;
  private OrderService orderService;

  public Customer(int id, String name) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.orderService = new OrderService();
  }

  public void placeOrder() {
    orderService.placeOrder();
  }
}

Question: This class violates SRP because it Responsible for managing customer information and placing orders.

Solution: App DI:

class Customer {
  private int id;
  private String name;
  private OrderService orderService;

  public Customer(int id, String name, OrderService orderService) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.orderService = orderService;
  }

  public void placeOrder() {
    orderService.placeOrder();
  }
}

We improved testability by injecting OrderService into the Customer class , reducing the degree of coupling and making the code easier to maintain.

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