The role of struct in c language

struct (structure) is used in C language to organize related data and has the following functions: encapsulating data, simplifying access, abstracting implementation, optimizing memory, and promoting code reuse.

The role of struct in C language

struct (structure) is an important data in C language Types, used to organize and store related data. Its main functions are as follows:

1. Data encapsulation

struct allows different types of data (such as integers, characters, floating point numbers, etc.) to be combined into a single Structure. This helps organize related variables together and simplifies processing of data.

2. Data access

Each member in the struct can be accessed through a unique name. This allows developers to easily access and manipulate the data stored in the structure without using pointers or array indexes.

3. Data abstraction

struct can hide implementation details and expose only the necessary interfaces. This helps create more abstract, easier-to-use code because it isolates the complexity of data structures from client code.

4. Memory optimization

struct can effectively optimize memory usage. By storing relevant data in a structure, memory fragmentation in the memory can be reduced and memory management efficiency can be improved.

5. Code reuse

struct can promote code reuse by defining public types. When multiple functions need to process the same type of data, you can use struct to define the data type once and share it with multiple functions.

Usage example:

struct person {
    char name[30];
    int age;
    float salary;
};

int main() {
    struct person john;
    
    strcpy(john.name, "John Doe");
    john.age = 30;
    john.salary = 50000.0;
    
    printf("Name: %s\n", john.name);
    printf("Age: %d\n", john.age);
    printf("Salary: %.2f\n", john.salary);
    
    return 0;
}

In this example, struct person defines a data structure that stores personal information (name, age, salary). Then an instance john of the person structure is created, and the members are assigned and accessed.

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