What does scanf in c++ mean?

The scanf function reads formatted data from standard input and stores it in the specified variable. Usage: 1. Define the variable to store the data; 2. Specify the format string, including the data type indicator; 3. Pass the variable address as a parameter to scanf in sequence; 4. Call scanf to read the data.

scanf function

scanf is a function in the standard input/output library in C, used to read from the standard Read formatted data from the input.

Function:

scanf reads data from standard input (usually the keyboard) and stores it in the provided variable. It reads data according to a specified format string that defines the expected data type and format of each variable.

Syntax:

<code class="cpp">int scanf(const char *format, ...);</code>

Among them:

• format: Pointer to the format string, specify the The data type and format to be read.
• ...: Optional variable parameter list, specifying the address of the variable to store the read data.

Usage:

The steps to use scanf to read data are as follows:

1. Define the variable to store the read data.

2. Specifies a format string where:

   • %: Indicates the start of the conversion specification.
   • Data type indicator (such as d, f, s): Specifies the data type to be read.
   • Modifiers (such as *, &): modify the conversion specification.
3. Pass the addresses of variables as parameters to scanf in order.
4. Call scanf to read data.

Example:

<code class="cpp">int age;
float salary;
char name[50];
scanf("%d %f %s", &age, &salary, name);</code>

The above code reads an integer (age), a floating point number (salary) and a string (name) from the standard input ).

Note:

• scanf is very strict about the input data format. If the input format is incorrect, errors will occur.
• scanf does not check for buffer overflows, so the data size read should be large enough to accommodate the input data.
• scanf does not update conversion modifiers * and & after reading data.

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