Code examples and best practice analysis of golang anonymous functions and closures

Anonymous functions: Anonymous functions are functions without a name that are used to create one-time functions or callbacks. Closure: A closure contains anonymous functions and external variable references, which can access and modify external variables.

Anonymous functions and closures in Go language

What is an anonymous function?

Anonymous functions are functions without a name, typically used to create one-time use functions or callbacks.

Declare anonymous function syntax:

func(参数列表)(返回值列表) { 函数体 }

Example:

Squaring a list of numbers:

numbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
result := map(func(n int) int { return n * n }, numbers)

What is closure?

A closure is a function value that contains an anonymous function and an external variable reference. This means that the closure can access and modify external variables.

Create a closure syntax:

func(参数列表)(返回值列表) {
    // 内部定义的变量
    变量名 := 值
    return func(闭包参数列表)(闭包返回值列表) {
        // 可以访问和修改内部变量
    }
}

Example:

Create a function that returns a word repeated a specified number of times per page :

package main

import "fmt"

func makeRepeated(s string, n int) func() string {
    i := 0
    return func() string {
        i++
        return fmt.Sprintf("%s%d", s, i)
    }
}

func main() {
    repeat := makeRepeated("a", 5)
    fmt.Println(repeat())
    fmt.Println(repeat())
}

Output:

a1
a2

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