C++ function exception handling skills: improve code maintainability

C Exception handling tips to improve code maintainability: Use standard exception types to ensure compatibility and useful information. Pass exception information to assist problem understanding and debugging. Create custom exceptions to provide more detailed error information and enhance organization. Use a try-catch block to catch exceptions and rethrow them under special circumstances.

C function exception handling skills: improve code maintainability

In C, exception handling is to handle unexpected situations and ensure A key mechanism for code robustness. This article will explore some advanced exception handling techniques to improve the maintainability of your code.

Use standard exception types

The C standard library provides various predefined exception types, including std::exception, std::logic_error and std::runtime_error. Using these types ensures that your code is compatible with other C code libraries and provides useful error information.

Passing exception information

Exception objects can contain error descriptions or other relevant information, which is very important for understanding and debugging problems. This information can be accessed using the std::exception::what() method.

Create custom exceptions

For application-specific exceptions, you can create custom exception types. This allows for more detailed error information and enhanced code organization.

class MyCustomException : public std::exception {
public:
    MyCustomException(const std::string& message)
        : std::exception(message.c_str()) {}
};

Catch exceptions

Exceptions can be caught using the try-catch block.

try {
    // 代码可能会引发异常
} catch (std::exception& e) {
    // 处理异常
}

Rethrow exceptions

Caught exceptions can be rethrown under special circumstances.

try {
    // 代码可能会引发异常
} catch (std::exception& e) {
    if (e.what() != "特定错误") {
        // 重新抛出异常
        throw;
    }
}

Practical case

Consider a function that reads file data:

std::string read_file(const std::string& filename) {
    std::ifstream file(filename);
    if (!file.is_open()) {
        throw std::runtime_error("无法打开文件");
    }
    std::string data;
    while (std::getline(file, data)) {}
    return data;
}

Using exception handling, we can ensure that the file is provided when the file fails to open. Meaningful error message:

try {
    std::string data = read_file(filename);
    // 使用数据
} catch (std::runtime_error& e) {
    std::cerr << "错误： " << e.what() << std::endl;
}

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