How to use generics to add new features to golang

Generics in Go allow you to create code that works with multiple data types. The syntax is type name[T any] struct { ... }, where T is a generic parameter. An example of copying a slice is shown using the func CopySlice[T any](dst, src []T) function. Benefits of generics include code reuse, fewer type conversions, and type safety.

Using Generics in Go to Extend Language Features

Generics are a programming language feature that allows you to create Codes for various types of data. In Go 1.18 and later, generics are supported. This article will show you how to use generics to add new features to the Go language.

Syntax

The generic type is defined as follows:

type name[T any] struct {
    // ...
}

Among them:

• name: Type name
• T any: Generic type parameters

Practical case

Let us create a Take a generic function that copies any type of slice as an example:

func CopySlice[T any](dst, src []T) {
    n := len(src)
    if cap(dst) < n {
        dst = make([]T, n)
    }
    copy(dst, src)
}

In this function:

• [T any] means that the function accepts slices of any type of data
• copy(dst, src) Copy the elements in src slice to dst slice

How to use

Now you can use the CopySlice function we created:

intSlice := []int{1, 2, 3}
floatSlice := []float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3}

newIntSlice := make([]int, len(intSlice))
CopySlice(newIntSlice, intSlice)

newFloatSlice := make([]float64, len(floatSlice))
CopySlice(newFloatSlice, floatSlice)

Advantages

Use pan Benefits of generics include:

• Code Reuse:You can reuse generic code on multiple data types.
• Fewer type conversions: Generics eliminate the need for type conversion scenarios.
• Type safety: The compiler will check the type safety in the generic code to prevent type errors.

Conclusion

Using generics makes it easy to add new features to the Go language. By providing generic type parameters, you can create code that works across a variety of data types, improving code reusability, safety, and reducing type conversions.

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