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Case在Java中的含义

在Java编程中,"case"是一个关键字,用于定义switch语句中的一个分支。switch语句允许程序根据表达式匹配不同的分支来执行不同的代码块。

case的用法

case关键字后跟一个常量表达式(通常是枚举值)或一个模式匹配表达式。当switch表达式与case表达式匹配时,将执行case分支中的代码块。

case示例

以下是一个示例,说明如何使用case关键字:

switch (dayOfWeek) {
    case MONDAY:
        System.out.println("今天是星期一");
        break;
    case TUESDAY:
        System.out.println("今天是星期二");
        break;
    // 省略其他case分支
    default:
        System.out.println("无效的星期");
}

default分支

默认分支是可选的,用于处理不匹配任何case表达式的值。它通常放在switch语句的末尾。

模式匹配

Java 14引入了模式匹配机制,允许使用更灵活的表达式来匹配case分支。

示例

switch (animal) {
    case "cat" -> System.out.println("猫");
    case ("dog", "puppy") -> System.out.println("狗");
    case AnimalType.BIRD -> System.out.println("鸟");
    // 省略其他case分支
    default -> System.out.println("未知动物");
}

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