The difference between scanf and cin in c++

In C, scanf and cin are both functions for reading input. scanf uses formatted input, while cin uses unformatted input. scanf requires the format of the data to be specified, but cin does not. scanf is faster when processing large amounts of simple input, but may have security holes, while cin is more secure, but may be slower when processing complex input.

The difference between scanf and cin in C

In C, scanf and cin are all functions used to read data from standard input. There are several important differences between them:

Formatted input

• scanf: is a formatted input function, The format of the data needs to be specified, for example %d represents an integer, %f represents a floating point number. It reads the data based on the format string and stores it in the provided variable.
• cin: It is an unformatted input function that does not require specifying the format of the data. It uses operator overloading to extract data from standard input and store it in variables.

Error handling

• scanf: If the input data does not match the specified format, scanf Will return an error code indicating that the read failed.
• cin: If the input data is invalid, cin will not return an error code, but will set the status flag of the input stream to failbit.

Security

• scanf: Due to the nature of its formatted input, scanf may A buffer overflow security vulnerability exists because it is possible to read data beyond the specified buffer.
• cin: cin is considered safer because it does not read data beyond the size of the specified variable.

Performance

• scanf: scanf is generally better than # when dealing with large amounts of simple input ##cin Faster.
• cin: cin may be faster than scanf when processing complex data or encountering errors.

Example

<code class="cpp">// 使用 scanf 读取两个整数
int a, b;
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

// 使用 cin 读取两个整数
int a, b;
cin >> a >> b;</code>

Summary

scanf is a formatted input function, The format of the data needs to be specified, and cin is an unformatted input function and does not need to specify the format of the data. scanf is faster when processing simple input, but may have security issues, while cin is safer, but may be slower when processing complex input. Depending on the type and requirements of the data being processed, the appropriate input function can be selected.

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