What does complex mean in c++

In C, complex is a template class used to represent complex numbers, including real and imaginary parts. It can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations, and has the characteristics of modular length, conjugate and polar coordinate representation.

complex means in C

complex is a template class defined in the C standard library for representing plural. A complex number consists of a real part and an imaginary part, and can be expressed in the form a bi, where a is the real part, b is the imaginary part, and i is a complex unit, satisfying i^2 = -1.

In C, the complex template class is defined as follows:

<code class="cpp">template <typename T>
class complex {
public:
    T real();
    T imag();
    complex(T r, T i);
    complex();
    ...
};</code>

Among them, T is the type parameter of the real part and the imaginary part, which can be any floating point type, Such as float, double or long double.

Usage

To create a complex number, you can use the complex() constructor, for example:

<code class="cpp">complex<double> c1(1.2, 3.4);</code>

This will Create a complex number with real part 1.2 and imaginary part 3.4.

You can also use the real() and imag() member functions to access the real and imaginary parts of complex numbers, for example:

<code class="cpp">cout << c1.real() << endl; // 输出 1.2
cout << c1.imag() << endl; // 输出 3.4</code>

Operator overloading

The complex class overloads a variety of operators, allowing operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of complex numbers. For example:

<code class="cpp">complex<double> c2 = c1 + complex<double>(5.6, 7.8);
// c2 = (1.2 + 5.6) + (3.4 + 7.8)i</code>

Other Features

The complex class also provides other useful features, including:

• Module length ( abs() function)
• Conjugate (conj() function)
• Polar coordinate representation (arg() and polar() function)

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