search
HomeBackend DevelopmentC++C++ Concurrent Programming: How to use multi-core CPU to achieve concurrency?

C++ Concurrent Programming: How to use multi-core CPU to achieve concurrency?

May 01, 2024 am 11:51 AM
c++Concurrent programmingconcurrent access

C Concurrent programming takes full advantage of multi-core CPUs by creating threads, mutexes, and condition variables. Creating threads allows tasks to be executed in parallel. A mutex acts as a lock to ensure that shared data is not accessed by multiple threads simultaneously, thus avoiding data corruption. Condition variables are used to notify a thread that a specific condition has been met, and are used with mutex locks to prevent a thread from continuing to execute until the condition is met.

C++ Concurrent Programming: How to use multi-core CPU to achieve concurrency?

C Concurrent Programming: Unlocking Multi-Core CPUs

Preface

Modern CPUs Typically Having multiple cores, by fully utilizing these cores, we can significantly improve code efficiency when executing tasks in parallel. C provides a variety of concurrent programming tools that allow programmers to easily create applications that can perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

Creating threads

Creating threads is the basic building block that represents concurrency. In C, new threads can be created using the std::thread class. It accepts as argument a callable object that specifies the task to be performed in a separate thread.

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>

void hello_world() {
  std::cout << "Hello, world!" << std::endl;
}

int main() {
  std::thread thread1(hello_world);
  thread1.join();

  return 0;
}

In the above code, the hello_world() function is a callable object that simply prints a message to the console. std::thread The constructor creates a new thread and executes the callable object. thread1.join() Blocks the main thread until the new thread completes.

Mutex lock

Mutex lock is very important when threads access shared data concurrently. They act as locks to prevent multiple threads from accessing critical sections simultaneously, thereby avoiding data corruption. In C, mutex locks can be created using the std::mutex class.

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex m;  // 全局互斥锁

void increment(int& counter) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m);  // 获取互斥锁
  ++counter;
}

int main() {
  int counter = 0;

  std::thread thread1(increment, std::ref(counter));
  std::thread thread2(increment, std::ref(counter));

  thread1.join();
  thread2.join();

  std::cout << "Final counter value: " << counter << std::endl;

  return 0;
}

In this example, the increment() function increments the shared variable counter. We use std::lock_guard to obtain a mutex lock, ensuring that only one thread can execute the critical section at the same time. This mechanism ensures that two threads do not increment counter at the same time, thus avoiding data races.

Condition variable

Condition variable is used to notify the thread that a specific condition has been met. They are used with mutex locks to ensure that threads do not continue execution until a condition is met. In C, condition variables can be created using the std::condition_variable class.

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex m;  // 全局互斥锁
std::condition_variable cv;  // 全局条件变量
bool ready = false;  // 共享布尔标志

void producer() {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m);  // 获取互斥锁
  ready = true;                       // 设置共享标志为 true
  cv.notify_one();                   // 通知一个等待的线程
}

void consumer() {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m);  // 获取互斥锁(并锁定它)
  while (!ready)                        // 等待共享标志为 true
    cv.wait(lock);                     // 释放互斥锁并等待
}

int main() {
  std::thread producer_thread(producer);
  std::thread consumer_thread(consumer);

  producer_thread.join();
  consumer_thread.join();

  return 0;
}

In this example, we use condition variables to coordinate the interaction between producer and consumer threads. producer() The function sets the shared flag ready to true and notifies the consumer thread. consumer() The function waits for the shared flag to be true by waiting on the condition variable, and then continues execution.

The above is the detailed content of C++ Concurrent Programming: How to use multi-core CPU to achieve concurrency?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
C# vs. C  : Object-Oriented Programming and FeaturesC# vs. C : Object-Oriented Programming and FeaturesApr 17, 2025 am 12:02 AM

There are significant differences in how C# and C implement and features in object-oriented programming (OOP). 1) The class definition and syntax of C# are more concise and support advanced features such as LINQ. 2) C provides finer granular control, suitable for system programming and high performance needs. Both have their own advantages, and the choice should be based on the specific application scenario.

From XML to C  : Data Transformation and ManipulationFrom XML to C : Data Transformation and ManipulationApr 16, 2025 am 12:08 AM

Converting from XML to C and performing data operations can be achieved through the following steps: 1) parsing XML files using tinyxml2 library, 2) mapping data into C's data structure, 3) using C standard library such as std::vector for data operations. Through these steps, data converted from XML can be processed and manipulated efficiently.

C# vs. C  : Memory Management and Garbage CollectionC# vs. C : Memory Management and Garbage CollectionApr 15, 2025 am 12:16 AM

C# uses automatic garbage collection mechanism, while C uses manual memory management. 1. C#'s garbage collector automatically manages memory to reduce the risk of memory leakage, but may lead to performance degradation. 2.C provides flexible memory control, suitable for applications that require fine management, but should be handled with caution to avoid memory leakage.

Beyond the Hype: Assessing the Relevance of C   TodayBeyond the Hype: Assessing the Relevance of C TodayApr 14, 2025 am 12:01 AM

C still has important relevance in modern programming. 1) High performance and direct hardware operation capabilities make it the first choice in the fields of game development, embedded systems and high-performance computing. 2) Rich programming paradigms and modern features such as smart pointers and template programming enhance its flexibility and efficiency. Although the learning curve is steep, its powerful capabilities make it still important in today's programming ecosystem.

The C   Community: Resources, Support, and DevelopmentThe C Community: Resources, Support, and DevelopmentApr 13, 2025 am 12:01 AM

C Learners and developers can get resources and support from StackOverflow, Reddit's r/cpp community, Coursera and edX courses, open source projects on GitHub, professional consulting services, and CppCon. 1. StackOverflow provides answers to technical questions; 2. Reddit's r/cpp community shares the latest news; 3. Coursera and edX provide formal C courses; 4. Open source projects on GitHub such as LLVM and Boost improve skills; 5. Professional consulting services such as JetBrains and Perforce provide technical support; 6. CppCon and other conferences help careers

C# vs. C  : Where Each Language ExcelsC# vs. C : Where Each Language ExcelsApr 12, 2025 am 12:08 AM

C# is suitable for projects that require high development efficiency and cross-platform support, while C is suitable for applications that require high performance and underlying control. 1) C# simplifies development, provides garbage collection and rich class libraries, suitable for enterprise-level applications. 2)C allows direct memory operation, suitable for game development and high-performance computing.

The Continued Use of C  : Reasons for Its EnduranceThe Continued Use of C : Reasons for Its EnduranceApr 11, 2025 am 12:02 AM

C Reasons for continuous use include its high performance, wide application and evolving characteristics. 1) High-efficiency performance: C performs excellently in system programming and high-performance computing by directly manipulating memory and hardware. 2) Widely used: shine in the fields of game development, embedded systems, etc. 3) Continuous evolution: Since its release in 1983, C has continued to add new features to maintain its competitiveness.

The Future of C   and XML: Emerging Trends and TechnologiesThe Future of C and XML: Emerging Trends and TechnologiesApr 10, 2025 am 09:28 AM

The future development trends of C and XML are: 1) C will introduce new features such as modules, concepts and coroutines through the C 20 and C 23 standards to improve programming efficiency and security; 2) XML will continue to occupy an important position in data exchange and configuration files, but will face the challenges of JSON and YAML, and will develop in a more concise and easy-to-parse direction, such as the improvements of XMLSchema1.1 and XPath3.1.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Chat Commands and How to Use Them
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

SublimeText3 Linux new version

SublimeText3 Linux new version

SublimeText3 Linux latest version

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment