The meaning of scanf in c language

scanf is a C language function that reads data from standard input and stores it in a specified variable. Its functions include: reading data from standard input. Parses data into variables according to the specified format. Store the parsed data into the specified variable.

The meaning of scanf in C language

scanf is a formatted input function in C language, used Used to read data from standard input (usually the keyboard) and store it in a specified variable.

Function

• Read data from standard input.
• Parse data into variables according to the specified format.
• Store the parsed data into the specified variable.

Syntax

<code class="c">int scanf(const char *format, ...);</code>

• format is a string specifying the format of the data.
• ... is a variadic parameter list containing pointers to variables to be read.

Working principle

• scanf reads characters one by one according to the provided format string.
• It identifies format specifiers (such as %d, %f) that specify the type of data to be read.
• scanf Converts the read data to the specified data type and stores it in the corresponding variable.

Usage

scanf is usually used with the printf function for interactive programs.

For example:

<code class="c">int num;
printf("输入一个整数：");
scanf("%d", &num);  // 从控制台读取一个整数并将其存储在变量 num 中</code>

Notes

• scanf requires a variable pointer as a parameter because it directly modifies the value of the variable.
• The format string must match the variable type from which data is to be read.
• If whitespace characters are used in the format string, scanf will skip the whitespace characters before reading the data.

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