Advanced Guide to C++ Function Pointers: Explore advanced usage and best practices

C Advanced usage of function pointers: Function pointer array: Store multiple function pointers in an array to facilitate calling different types of functions. Function pointers as function parameters: Use function pointers as parameters of other functions to achieve code dynamics and reusability. Standard library function pointers: Use standard library functions such as std::function and std::bind to handle function pointers.

Advanced Guide to C Function Pointers: Advanced Usage and Best Practices

Preface

Function pointers are a powerful tool in C that allow you to work with your code in a more flexible way. This guide will dive into advanced usage and best practices of function pointers to help you leverage their full potential.

Advanced Usage

Function Pointer Array

Function Pointer Array allows you to store multiple function pointers in an array . This is useful when you need to call multiple functions with different types:

using FnType = void (*)(int);  // 定义函数指针类型

FnType functions[] = {&func1, &func2, &func3};

for (FnType fn : functions) {
  fn(value);  // 调用函数
}

Function pointer as function parameter

You can use function pointer as function parameter, thus The power of function pointers is passed to other functions. This enables code dynamism and reusability:

void callFunction(FnType fn) {
  fn(value);
}

Standard library function pointer

C The standard library provides many functions that use function pointers, such asstd::function and std::bind:

• std::function is a general function pointer that can be used for storage and call any type of function.
• std::bind Allows you to create a new function pointer that calls an existing function with specific parameters.

Practical case

Sort function pointer

Let’s look at a comparison and sorting of integers using function pointers Practical case:

#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

bool compare(const int& a, const int& b) {
  return a < b;
}

int main() {
  std::vector<int> v = {3, 1, 4, 2};

  // 使用 compare 函数指针对向量排序
  std::sort(v.begin(), v.end(), compare);

  for (const int& el : v) {
    std::cout << el << " ";
  }

  return 0;
}

Output result:

1 2 3 4

Summary

Function pointers provide powerful flexibility in C, by making full use of advanced With usage and best practices, you can make your code more reusable, scalable, and dynamic. With arrays of function pointers, function parameters, and standard library functions, you can unlock novel and efficient programming solutions.

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