How to use setw in c++

setw() function is used to set the minimum width of the output field in C, allowing to specify right alignment and padding spaces for each value. The syntax is ostream& setw(int width), and the parameter is the character width to be set. It only affects the current output operation, subsequent output is not affected, and can be used in conjunction with other formatting flags.

Usage of setw() function in C

What is setw()?

setw() is the standard library function in C for setting the width of an output field. It allows specifying the minimum width of each value when output.

Syntax:

<code class="cpp">ostream& setw(int width);</code>

Parameters:

• width: Field to be set Width, in characters.

Return value:

A reference to the modified output stream object.

Usage:

setw() function is used to operate output stream objects, such as cout. To set the field width, simply call the setw() function as a method of the output stream object in the output statement. For example:

<code class="cpp">cout << setw(10) << "Hello" << endl;</code>

This will output "Hello", right-justified, and padded with 9 spaces in front.

Note:

• setw() only affects the current output operation and will not affect subsequent output.
• If the output value is shorter than the specified width, it will be right-justified and padded with spaces.
• If the output value is longer than the specified width, it will be truncated.
• setw() can be used in conjunction with other formatting flags such as left and setfill for finer output control.

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