Golang function performance optimization and unit testing

Go function performance optimization uses benchmark testing and performance bottleneck analysis. Optimization methods include slicing optimization, etc. Unit testing can be done by writing test cases and using coverage tools, such as testing slice copy functions.

Go function performance optimization and unit testing

Function performance optimization

Use benchmark test:

import "testing"

func BenchmarkMyFunction(b *testing.B) {
    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
        // 运行被测函数
    }
}

Analyze performance bottlenecks:

import "runtime"

func MyFunction(...) {
    // 手动记录函数执行时，协程占用内存的快照
    stats := new(runtime.MemStats)
    runtime.ReadMemStats(stats)

    // 执行函数
    ...

    // 记录函数执行后的快照
    runtime.ReadMemStats(stats)
    // 分析内存分配和 GC 次数
}

Practical case: Slicing optimization

// 原函数
func GetCopy(s []int) []int {
    copy := make([]int, len(s))
    for i, v := range s {
        copy[i] = v
    }
    return copy
}

// 改进后的函数
func GetSlice(s []int) []int {
    return s[0:len(s)]
}

Unit testing

Write test cases:

import (
    "testing"
    "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

func TestMyFunction(t *testing.T) {
    assert.Equal(t, expected, MyFunction(...))
}

Use coverage tools:

import "testing"

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    // 设置覆盖率缓冲区
    coverageBuffer := bufio.NewBuffer(nil)
    testing.CoverageProfileTo(coverageBuffer)

    // 运行测试
    m.Run()

    // 生成覆盖率报告
    data := coverageBuffer.Bytes()
    coverageProfile := ioutil.WriteFile("coverage.cov", data, 0644)
}

Practical case: Testing the slice copy function

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "testing"
)

func main() {
    s := []int{1, 2, 3}
    fmt.Println(s, GetCopy(s))
}

rrree

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